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高性能陶瓷成型工艺进展 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
本文论述了高性能陶瓷成型工艺的和重要性,重点介绍了陶瓷胶态成型工艺的研究进展及陶瓷成型工艺的最新动向,提出了瓷成型工艺研究中必须重视和加强的若干研究领域。 相似文献
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高性能陶瓷创新工艺--陶瓷胶态注射成型技术 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
成型工艺作为制备高性能陶瓷材料及部件的关键技术,介绍黄勇教授创新提出的把胶态成型和注射成型结合的“陶瓷胶态注射成型新工艺”。 相似文献
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讨论了陶瓷粉末注射成型制备精密陶瓷部件这一新技术及其国内外发展状况。先进陶瓷精密注射成型的科学基础是现代高分子精密注塑理论和现代陶瓷制造技术,它将高分子流变学、陶瓷粉体技术、陶瓷工艺学和金属模具精密制造技术结合在一起。该技术突出的优点有:①可净近成型各种复杂形状的陶瓷零部件,使烧结后的陶瓷产品无需进行机加工或少加工,从而减少昂贵的陶瓷成本;②成型制品具有极高的尺寸精度和表面光洁度;③可实现微成型(Micro Injection Molding),制备μm-mm范围内的微型陶瓷零件;④成型过程机械化和自动化程度高,重复性好,便于规模化低成本生产。该技术已用于陶瓷发动机、通讯产业中光纤连接器插芯(Ferrule)、计算机工业中光盘盒磁盘驱动用陶瓷轴承和生物医学用陶瓷制品等精密陶瓷件的制造。随着微注射成型新技术的发展,微型陶瓷部件将应用于环境要求苛刻、结构复杂的MEMS系统。 相似文献
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高性能陶瓷是现代技术发展和应用不可或缺的关键材料。常规的陶瓷制造技术难以满足对个性化、精细化、轻量化和复杂化的高端产品快速制造的需求。新兴的增材制造技术(3D打印)在高性能陶瓷的成型制造领域具有巨大的发展潜力,有望突破传统陶瓷加工和生产的技术瓶颈,为陶瓷关键零部件的应用开辟新的途径。本文针对陶瓷材料及其快速成型和后处理工艺,重点阐述了三维打印技术、光固化成型技术、选择性激光烧结技术等主流陶瓷增材制造技术的研究现状,并指出了目前存在的问题及发展趋势。 相似文献
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本文以蜂窝陶瓷生产工艺为例,讨论了陶瓷部件挤出成型过程中,塑性泥料的制备、成型、干燥和烧成等工艺技术和装备问题。 相似文献
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陶瓷制造经历数千年历史,当前阻碍陶瓷材料进一步发展的关键之一是成型工艺技术没有突破。本文介绍了胶态成型,固体无模成型工艺及气态成型,对上述工艺的原理、工艺过程及特点进行比较,提出了陶瓷成型工艺的关键问题。并介绍了水基非塑性浆料的注射成型新工艺。 相似文献
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氧化物陶瓷具有较高的机械强度、电绝缘性能、化学稳定性等,是用途最宽、应用最广、产量最大的陶瓷材料,已经应用于航空航天、军事国防、工业生产等领域。然而,氧化物陶瓷的脆性,严重制约了其在尖端领域的更广泛应用。针对这一难题,近几十年来,国内外学者开始探索固态相变法制备精细纳米结构的氧化物复合陶瓷。通过固态相变法构筑纳米复合氧化物陶瓷的纳米/亚微米/微米尺度的结构,以提高纳米复合氧化物陶瓷的力学性能。本文系统综述了固态相变法对纳米复合氧化物陶瓷结构和性能的影响,旨在阐明相关的原理及工艺,为高性能纳米复合氧化物陶瓷的制备提供参考与借鉴。 相似文献
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George V. Franks Carolina Tallon André R. Studart Mitchell L. Sesso Silvia Leo 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》2017,100(2):458-490
Colloidal processing of fine ceramic powders enables the production of complex shaped ceramics with unique micro and macro structures which are not possible to produce via conventional dry processing routes. Because of this enhanced structural control and shaping capabilities, colloidal processing has been exploited to produce ceramic components with ever increasing complexity and functionalities. In this review, we revisit some of the research efforts on this topic to highlight its relevance and growing importance for the advanced manufacturing of functional ceramics. Selected examples of colloidal systems with increasing level of complexity are discussed to showcase the wide range of structures that can be generated through wet processing approaches. The historical development and background knowledge pertaining to colloids and surface interactions is first briefly reviewed. The major colloidal shape forming and additive manufacturing processes that utilize colloidal pastes and inks are then reviewed, highlighting the control of suspension rheology needed in these techniques. Next, methodologies that combine suspended particles with a pore‐forming phase are discussed as a means to produce porous ceramic materials. Further control over the interactions between anisotropic particles and their alignment in suspensions can be gained via externally applied fields (such as magnetic) to produce texturally aligned green bodies. This leads to bioinspired ceramics that can programmably morph into complex shaped objects upon sintering. Hierarchical porous structures with high mechanical efficiency are also shown as an example of the multiscale designs that can be generated through advanced colloidal processing. As drying of ceramic bodies is an inevitable consequence of wet colloidal processing, the current understanding of this critical processing step is reviewed. Finally, the gaps in knowledge in these fields are discussed to provide our perspective on where the field may support advances in ceramics in the future. 相似文献
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3D打印技术在陶瓷零件成型方面具有较大应用潜力,被认为是近净尺寸成型高性能复杂结构陶瓷零件的一种新途径。本文比较了陶瓷零件或其坯体的激光选区熔化、薄材叠加制造、熔融沉积造型、光固化、三维打印和激光选区烧结等不同3D打印工艺及其致密化手段的优势和不足,认为较低的相对密度和强度是阻碍3D打印陶瓷零件实现产品应用的主要障碍。本团队近年来采用造粒混合法制备出具有良好流动性的3D打印复合陶瓷粉体,再通过激光选区烧结(SLS)和冷等静压(CIP)技术分别进行坯体成型及均匀致密化处理,制备出了高性能、复杂结构的Al_2O_3致密陶瓷零件。本文回顾了这些工作,并补充介绍了溶解沉淀和溶剂蒸发这两种制备复合陶瓷粉体的新方法,利用SLS/CIP复合工艺进一步制造了ZrO_2、SiC、高白土等其它材质的复杂陶瓷零件,为3D打印陶瓷用于航空航天、医疗、艺术等领域奠定了基础。 相似文献
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Colloidal forming is a novel wet-processing way to prepare complex shaped ceramic parts with high reliability at low cost. In this article, the transformation mechanisms from suspension to green body and the development of colloidal forming are reviewed. The transformation from suspension to green body in colloidal forming is mainly dependent on the characteristics of suspension, and solidification is the key link in colloidal forming. Various colloidal forming methods are developed to produce ceramic parts, and these methods include slip casting, tape casting, direct coagulation casting, injection molding, gel-casting and so on. The study of defects during colloidal forming should be focused on the defects formation, inheritance and evolution during drying, de-binding and sintering processes. External free controllable technology of colloidal forming is an effective way to achieve ceramic fabrication industrialization, and stress-free colloidal forming is important for the future development of ceramic fabrication. 相似文献