无铬锌铝涂料研究现状与发展趋势

环保政策促使汽车、船舶、桥梁等行业的金属构件防腐涂料向着无铬化方向发展，研制绿色、环保及节能的无铬锌铝涂料已然成为各行业重要的技术工作。本文着眼于当前无铬锌铝涂料的研究进展与应用，总结了无铬锌铝涂料的防腐机理、无铬成膜钝化物主要类型及纳米材料改性锌铝涂料的研究进展，分析了无铬锌铝涂料在机动车、船舶及桥梁等领域的应用现状与前景，提出了无铬锌铝涂料研究方式与方法存在的问题，以期为新型无铬锌铝涂料的研制与推广应用提供借鉴与参考。     

快干型水性环氧富锌底漆的研制

富锌底漆作为长效型钢结构重防腐涂料涂装配套体系的底漆与其他品种底漆相比,具有防腐性能强、耐热性优良、附着力好等优点。其按成膜物质不同可分为无机、有机、有机／无机掺合3类。有机富锌涂料常用环氧、氯化橡胶、乙烯基树脂和聚氨酯树脂为成膜基料,最为常用的是环氧富锌涂料。其中,聚酰胺固化环氧富锌底漆最常用。该类涂料的特点是长效防腐、表干时间快,     

锌铝双金属涂层的制备和性能

首先研究了成膜物质(包括改性环氧树脂、聚苯乙烯树脂和丙烯酸树脂)对冷涂锌涂层基本性能的影响，然后考察了膨润土和聚酰胺蜡作为防沉剂对冷涂锌涂料的贮存稳定性，添加特殊聚酯类和磷酸酯类附着力促进剂后的效果，以及防锈填料的组成对涂层耐盐雾性能的影响。结果表明，采用丙烯酸树脂为成膜物质，添加质量分数分别为1.2%和0.3%的膨润土与聚酰胺蜡作为防沉剂，使用0.7%的特殊聚酯类附着力促进剂，由质量比为25∶22∶13的球锌、片锌和片铝组成防锈填料，可以得到一种防腐蚀性能优异的锌铝涂料，其耐中性盐雾性能可达3 000 h。     

锌铝涂镀涂料在变压器散热器上的应用及耐蚀性能研究

电力设施优良的耐腐蚀性是电力系统可靠长期运行的重要保障因素之一。变压器片式散热器及所属部件是易发生腐蚀的薄弱环节,需要更高耐蚀性能的防护技术。以片状锌、铝粉为主要填料、改性环氧树脂为成膜物,开发出室温固化的锌铝涂镀涂料,并对其涂层基本性能、电化学性能以及中性盐雾性能进行研究,并与热镀锌层进行对比。结果表明：锌铝涂镀涂料制备简单,施工方便,可喷涂刷涂;涂层电极电位-985 mV,可对基体进行牺牲阳极的保护作用;08Al钢板上,涂层结合力为11.78 MPa,中性盐雾实验1 000 h无红锈（涂层厚度40μm）,表现出超过热镀锌的防护效果。该涂料具备用于变压器散热器片的应用前景。     

重防腐涂料的性能特点

介绍重防腐涂料种类、性能。重点讨论无机富锌底漆、有机富锌涂料功能结构、性能特点、成膜机理和结构特点。叙述富锌涂料研发进展。     

填料对水性无机富锌料综合性能的影响

水性无机富锌涂料是以硅酸盐溶液为主要成膜物质,以高含量的锌粉为防锈颜料的金属用水性重防腐蚀涂料,已在海洋环境、化工设施、设备、桥梁等领域广泛应用.但现有水性无机富锌涂料普遍存在涂膜物理机械性能差的问题,影响了涂料的推广应用,本文通过对水性无机富锌涂料中颜填料的种类、含量、配比等方面进行研究,提高了水性无机富锌涂料涂膜的综合性能.     

锌(铝)防护层与桥梁钢结构的防护

锌(铝)防护层自上世纪开发应用以来,很快被引入桥梁钢结构防护,现在的桥梁钢结构基本上是热喷锌和富锌涂料作为底层防护。通过比较热镀锌、热喷锌、富锌涂料、锌加等锌基涂料在钢结构防护应用中的特点,探讨锌(铝)防护层在桥梁钢结构长效防护和维修防护中的应用。     

环境友好型无铜自抛光防污涂料的制备与性能研究

以自制丙烯酸锌树脂为主要成膜物,加入吡啶硫酮锌(Zn PT)和吡啶三苯基硼烷(PK)这2种有机防污剂及填料等配制成无铜自抛光防污涂料。分析了有机防污剂含量对涂料基本性能的影响;通过防污涂料浅海浸泡实验考察涂料在实际海洋环境中的防污性能。结果表明:当Zn PT与PK的质量比为6∶4时,无铜丙烯酸锌基防污涂料具有良好的防污性能。     

用铝镁锌系列合金颜料制备阳极型强屏蔽环氧重防腐涂料的研究

对采用铝锌、铝镁和铝镁锌合金粉体为颜料制备的阳极型强屏蔽环氧重防腐涂料涂层性能和防护机理进行了研究,同时还开展了对涂料的无溶剂化研究.通过对固化剂与助剂的优选,制得了融良好的施工性能和优异的防腐性能于一体的无溶剂铝镁锌阳极型强屏蔽涂料,其与有溶剂铝镁锌涂料的最佳颜料体积浓度相同,但电阻更高,屏蔽隔离能力更强.     

新书的自我介绍

拙著的“防腐蚀涂料与徐装”一书已由化学工业出版社出版。该书是中国腐蚀与防护学会组织主编的“腐蚀与防护全书”丛书中的一个分册。该书叙述了各种防腐蚀涂料的成膜物质和颜料的性能,探讨了海洋涂料、锈面涂料、磷化底漆、富锌漆、粉末涂料、换热器涂料等防护涂料的制备、配套涂料及基本配方。也介绍了涂装的前处理、锌面涂装、铝面涂装、     

环氧粉末涂料在跨海大桥钢管桩防腐的应用

通过研究对比采用目前较先进的防护涂层,即单层、双层及三层重防腐环氧粉末涂料防腐结构相结合,最大限度的保护杭州湾跨海大桥钢管桩,阻缓钢管桩腐蚀。着重阐述多层防腐环氧粉末涂料制造,多层结构的特点并设计说明工艺,结果表明功能性多层环氧防腐粉末涂料能够满足杭州湾跨海大桥钢管桩的防腐要求。     

铝粉对醇溶性无机富锌漆性能的影响

研究了醇溶性无机富锌漆中球状锌粉质量的5％、10％、15％、20％、25％和30％被铝粉取代对涂层性能的影响.通过开路电势-时间曲线研究了涂层在3.5％ NaCl溶液中电化学活性的变化情况,同时记录了涂层的耐盐水浸泡时间;采用盐雾试验研究了涂层的耐盐雾时间.结果显示:涂层的耐盐水和耐盐雾时间随取代比增加都是先延长后缩短...     

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy investigations of epoxy zinc rich coatings: Role of Zn content on corrosion protection mechanism

Effect of zinc content in the epoxy zinc rich coating on the mechanism of corrosion protection was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The zinc content in the coating (on dry film) was varied from 40% to 90% in steps of 10%. Open circuit potential (OCP) measurements and salt spray tests were also carried out to generate supporting evidences and to deepen the understanding in the area of zinc rich coatings. The healing or bridging ability of these coatings was studied by making a scribe on the coating and monitoring the evolution of OCP. EIS was also utilized to screen the amount of zinc particles required to provide efficient galvanic protection and to study the effect of purity of Zn on corrosion protection performance. Both EIS and OCP measurements indicate that coatings containing 40% Zn (on dry film) provides very good barrier protection coming mainly from polymer whereas the one containing >80% Zn provides excellent galvanic protection to the steel substrate. When the zinc loading is between 60% and 70%, coatings neither show barrier protection nor galvanic protection.     

The impact of pigment volume concentration on the protective performance of polyurethane coating with second generation of phosphate based anticorrosion pigment

In this study the effect of conventional zinc phosphate and zinc aluminum phosphate, which represents second generation of phosphate based anticorrosion pigments, on the performance of a polyurethane coating was studied. While zinc phosphate modification was proved to be effective on the corrosion resistance, EIS data facilitated the determination of the optimum pigment volume concentration in which the coating offered the most efficient protection. The superiority of zinc aluminum polyphosphate was attributed to the release of more inhibiting species, leading to the formation of a protective layer at the coating/substrate interface. In addition to the assessment of the impact of pigment content on the resistance of polyurethane primer to cathodic disbonding, the dependency of adhesion strength on the pigment type was also studied using pull-off test.     

挪威Hardanger大桥钢箱梁外侧电弧喷锌工艺设计

在承接挪威Hardanger大桥钢结构制作中,根据业主的要求,以电弧喷锌作为配套涂层底漆。为了适应钢结构涂装流水线以及佐敦公司的重防腐配套涂料,从钢结构缺陷处理等级、磨料拼配方案、喷砂技术条件、电弧喷锌设备及锌丝线材要求、电弧喷锌工艺参数以及喷锌层质量要求等方面对钢箱梁外侧电弧喷锌工艺进行了设计。     

高速动车组铝合金车辆的防腐蚀初探

根据制造高速动车组铝合金材料腐蚀的特点,以阻止和延缓腐蚀的产生为目标,设计结构充分考虑铝合金车体结构的防腐需要,同时表面处理采用不含铁的三氧化二铝材料进行喷砂,防腐底漆采用不含铁质颜料的双组分环氧底漆以及与之相配套的双组分油漆涂装保护体系对高速动车组车辆进行防腐涂装,为铝合金车辆的防腐蚀探索出了切实可行的措施,同时提供了标准的防腐涂装配套保护体系。     

Electrochemical study of protective behavior of organic coating pigmented with zinc aluminum polyphosphate as a modified zinc phosphate at different pigment volume concentrations

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was employed to evaluate protective performance of the solvent-borne epoxy coatings pigmented with zinc aluminum polyphosphate as a representative of phosphate-based anticorrosion compounds at different Lambda values. Furthermore, the effective ratio of the pigment volume concentration (PVC) to the critical pigment volume concentration (CPVC) was determined. To compare the function of zinc aluminum polyphosphate and zinc phosphate incorporated into coatings, electrochemical noise method as well as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was taken into consideration. The trend and magnitude of charge transfer, coating and noise resistances plus the amplitude of the current noise fluctuation indicated superiority of the modified pigment. In order to provide an insight into the mechanism by which anticorrosion pigments improve protective behavior of coating, performance of bare metals exposed to pigment extracts was assessed through taking advantage of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and electrochemical noise method as well.     

弱极化法测评大功率二次雾化电弧喷铝涂层的腐蚀防护寿命

利用弱极化原理,通过腐蚀速率测量仪测量大功率二次雾化电弧喷铝涂层的腐蚀电位和腐蚀电流密度,计算其深度腐蚀速率,时电弧喷铝涂层的防腐寿命进行评估,获得了不同厚度电弧喷铝涂层所对应的防护寿命,确定了具有不同防护寿命的复合涂层的最佳防腐设计方案.讨论了该法存在的问题.指出电弧喷铝复合涂层的防护寿命不仅取决于涂层系统的选择及其内在质量,而且与腐蚀环境和防腐蚀涂装质量、工程养护质量密切相关,应用中须根据已用工程金属涂层的实际防护寿命对其进行修正.     

无机富锌涂料性能及其应用

讨论了目前国内水性无机富锌漆的种类、性能和应用 ,比较了几种代表性的水性无机富锌漆及其优点 ,探索了无机富锌漆的性能改进 ,从环保角度出发 ,水性无机富锌漆具有良好的开发前景