自校正P ID算法在再热器中的应用

针对再热器的温度控制问题,设计了一种极点配置PID控制器。给出了CARMA模型,引入带遗忘因子的最小二乘实时参数估计算法和带数字滤波器的增量式PID控制算法,同时给出了极点配置自校正PID的整定方法过程,建立PID参数与系统参数及控制性能指标之间的关系式,并进行了MATLAB仿真。     

基于相角裕度优化的PID参数整定方法研究

针对复杂工业过程的大滞后、参数不确定等特性,提出一种新的鲁棒PID控制器参数整定方法.该方法通过使系统开环传递函数的相角裕度最大化,来求取各个PID参数.由于该方法的稳定裕量是通过取明确依赖于频率的模型来获得,从而避免了陷入保守性.仿真结果表明,使用本文提出的控制器整定方法,在命令输入发生阶跃变化时,控制系统都有很好的动态响应,同时在系统参数发生变化或存在未建模动态时,也能保证系统的稳定鲁棒性.     

基于幅频裕度配置PID自整定软件的设计和实现

基于继电辨识及相位、幅值裕度的理论,提出一种基于幅频裕度配置PID参数自整定方法,并按照相应理论完整设计了软件.利用继电辨识得到过程的临界振荡点,选择不同的相位裕度和幅值裕度得到不同的PID参数组,并提供相应的预期阶跃响应曲线帮助参数选择.另外基于DCS系统平台设计了自整定软件包,现场应用灵活.     

基于次最优模型降阶的自整定PID控制器

针对过程工业中含有振荡环节和大滞后环节较难控制的被控对象,设计了一种基于频域辨识的自整定PID控制器.该控制器采用次最优模型降阶算法,辨识出二阶加纯滞后的模型;然后基于给定的相位裕度和幅值裕度,整定出PID参数.并通过仿真实验表明对于不同的被控对象,自整定得到的PID参数均能取得较好的控制效果.     

基于改进VRFT算法的PID控制器参数整定

分析虚拟参考反馈参数整定（VRFT）设计方法和内模控制（IMC）方法的内在关系,提出一种改进的VRFT—PID参数整定方法。该方法的基本思想是将运行一段时间的过程输入输出数据添加到原始数据序列中,用来更新传统VRFT设计方法中的离线数据。然后利用VRFT使性能指标最小时的参数即为控制器参数的设计思想来整定PID控制器。仿真结果表明,改进的VRFT-PID整定方法优于传统的VRFT-PID方法。     

基于系统辨识的PID参数自整定算法在合成氨装置中的应用

从中石化湖北化肥分公司合成氨装置DCS系统中PID参数整定的实际出发,介绍了几种国内外PID参数自整定方法,分析它们的优缺点及存在的问题,提出一种新的基于系统辨识的PID参数自整定算法.论述基于VB的PID参数自整定软件开发,给出PID参数自整定程序设计界面.将这种PID自整定算法在中石化湖北化肥分公司DCS系统中进行应用实验,得出PID参数自整定前后PV趋势对比图,从而验证这种PID自整定算法的可行性.     

基于微粒群优化的鲁棒PID控制器参数整定方法研究

针对复杂工业过程中存在的一类模型不确定问题,提出一种新的鲁棒PID控制器参数整定方法.通过将鲁棒PID控制器的参数整定问题转化成一个max-min优化问题,利用微粒群优化(PSO)的协作算法对之进行求解,能获得某种鲁棒性能指标最优的PID控制器.对连续搅拌反应釜系统的实例仿真结果表明:与其它典型鲁棒PID控制器设计方法相比,本方法得到的PID控制器具有更强的鲁棒性和抗干扰能力,当过程操作范围发生大的变化时,利用本方法设计的鲁棒PID控制器能获得满意的结果.     

具有最优指标的PID参数自整定系统

在分析研究各种过程参数辨识和PID整定方法的基础上,提出了以误差积分准则为最优性能指标的一种PID参数自整定方法。这种方法的要点是仅采用几个特征量,就能比较准确地在线测算过程特性参数,引入采样时间Ts作为附加参数,修改Lopez公式系数;以修改系数后的Lopez公式作为PID参数预整定的关系式;在预整定基础上进行适当修改,使控制系统达到最佳状态。数字仿真和实时控制表明,这是一种较好的实用的自整定方法,适用于相当广泛的一类过程对象。     

基于传递函数估计的闭环PID参数自整定

基于对被控对象传递函数的估计,提出一种闭环PID参数整定方法.通过实时采集被控对象的输入输出数据,采用平均相关系数法估计被控对象的传递函数.然后采用时域受限二次型目标函数寻优PID参数.最后用工业应用实例,说明该方法的有效性.     

基于传递函数估计的闭环PID参数自整定

本文基于对被控对象传递函数的估计,提出了一种闭环PID参数整定方法。通过实时采集被控对象的输入输出数据,采用平均相关系数法估计被控对象的传递函数,然后采用时域受限二次型目标函数寻优PID参数。最后用工业应用实例,说明该方法的有效性。     

Approximate Pole Placement with Dominance for Continuous Delay Systems by PID Controllers

It is well known that a continuous‐time feedback system with time delay has infinite spectrum and it is not possible to assign such infinite spectrum with a finite‐dimensional controller. In such a case, only the partial pole placement may be feasible and hopefully some of the assigned poles are dominant. But there is no easy way to guarantee dominance of the desired poles. In this paper, an analytical PID design method is proposed for continuous‐time delay systems to achieve approximate pole placement with dominance. Its idea is to bypass continuous infinite spectrum problem by converting a delay process to a rational discrete model and getting back continuous PID controller from its discrete form designed for the model with pole placement. Simulation results are included to illustrate the effectiveness of this method.     

CLOSED-LOOP TUNING METHOD BASED ON DOMINANT POLE PLACEMENT

Algorithms are developed based on dominant pole placement to arrive at PID controller settings which yield desired decay ratio and nearly minimum IAE and ITAE. The process is fitted to first-order plus time-delay via a closed-loop process reaction curve. Tuning rules for load changes, setpoint changes, and simultaneous changes in setpoint and load are expressed in simple-to-use correlation form. The proposed closed-loop tuning method are demonstrated to be far superior to numerous available methods in view IAE, ITAE, decay ratio, overshoot, normalized prediction horizon, and maximum log modulus.     

ADAPTIVE DOMINANT POLE DESIGN OF PID CONTROLLERS BASED ON A SINGLE CLOSED-LOOP TEST

A novel method, based on a single experimental test under proportional feedback, has been developed to tune PID controllers on-line. The tuning method involving an identification scheme and a dominant pole design technique is ideal for automatic tuning. It also provides an adaptive algorithm to adjust the controller settings to achieve the desirable control performance satisfying the prescribed decay ratio and stability margin. A simulation study demonstrates that the method is valid for processes with large dead-times as well as open-loop underdamped processes.     

Simplified design of proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller to give a time domain specification for high order processes

An efficient simplified method is proposed for the time domain design of industrial proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers and lead-lag compensators for high order single input single output (SISO) systems. The proposed analytical method requires no trial error steps for a lead-lag compensator design in the time domain by using the root-locus method. A practical PID controller design method was obtained based on the corresponding lead-lag compensator to give a required time-domain specification. Simulation studies were carried out to illustrate the control performance of the controllers by the proposed method. The proposed PID controller and lead-lag compensator directly satisfied time domain control specifications such as damping ratio, maximum overshoot, settling time and steady sate error without trial and error steps. The suggested algorithm can easily be integrated with a toolbox in commercial software such as Matlab.     

Tuning PI and fractional order PI controllers with an additional fractional order Pole

The PI controller with an additional pole (PI?+?P) already has been proposed to decrease the noise effect on the control signal. In this paper, a fractional order pole is employed to increase the PI?+?P controller performance. The fractional order is obtained by adjusting the Nyquist plot slope in gain crossover frequency. This condition as well as gain crossover frequency and phase margin specifications are utilized to design the PI controller augmented with an additional fractional order pole (PI?+?FO[P]). To design these two controllers, a first-order plus delay time (FOPDT) model is utilized. For plants that could not be described by this model, its fractional order version (FFOPDT) could be utilized. In this case, a FOPI?+?FO[P] controller is obtained that could improve the transient response of the closed-loop system. The numerical simulations accomplished on various plant models (including chemical plants) demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed controller comparing with the PI?+?P, PID, FOPI, and fractional order proportional-integral-derivative controllers.     

PID Controller Design Based on the Time Domain Information of Robust IMC Controller Using Maximum Sensitivity

The IMC (Internal Model Control) controller based on robust tuning can improve the robustness and dynamic performance of the system. In this paper, the robustness degree of the control system is investigated based on Maximum Sensitivity (Ms) in depth. And the analytical relationship is obtained between the robustness specification and controller parameters, which gives a clear design criterion to robust IMC controller. Moreover, a novel and simple IMC-PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) tuning method is proposed by converting the IMC controller to PID form in terms of the time domain rather than the frequency domain adopted in some conventional IMC-based methods. Hence, the presented IMC-PID gives a good performance with a specific robustness degree. The new IMC-PID method is compared with other classical IMC-PID rules, showing the flexibility and feasibility for a wide range of plants.     

A one-step tuning method for PID controllers with robustness specification using plant step-response data

This paper presents a novel method for proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller tuning directly using the step response data of the process without resorting to a process model. The required process data are collected from a one-shot step test that can be conducted under either closed-loop or open-loop conditions. The proposed method derives the PID parameters so that the resulting control system behaves as closely as possible to the prescribed reference model. Two structures of the reference model are considered for general design and improved disturbance rejection, respectively. A simple one-dimensional optimization problem is formulated to determine an appropriate reference model for the controlled process. Moreover, the proposed PID tuning method includes a robustness specification based on the maximum peak of sensitivity function that enables the user to explicitly address the trade-off between performance and robustness. Simulation examples are provided to illustrate the superiority of the proposed method over existing (model-based) tuning methods.     

不稳定时滞过程PID控制器时域直接设计法

直接在时域上设计不稳定时滞过程比例积分微分(PID)控制器.采取双回路三环节的控制结构,满足时域指标-阻尼系数的要求,并对积分增益进行优化.首先设计出满足时城指标要求的理想PID控制器,然后将微分运算等效移动到内部反馈支路,最后合并3个环节得到设定值加权PID控制嚣.仿真表明该方法是有效的,所整定的控制系统具有好的鲁棒...     

TUNING PID CONTROLLER FOR OPEN-LOOP UNSTABLE PROCESSES WITH TIME DELAY

A calculation method of PID controller tuning for the first- and the second-order open-loop unstable process models with time delay is presented in this study. Optimum PID controller tuning data based on the models and minimum IAE criterion were obtained via Powell searching technique, and these data were then empirically correlated into several multiple-regression equations by a least-squares method. Thus PID controller tuning based on the models can easily be obtained by the calculation of these correlated equations. Simulation with a reset-feedback PID control algorithm has demonstrated that the proposed tuning method based on the first-order model can provide better results than the latest studies. In addition, simulation has also unveiled that tuning results based on the second-order models are superior to the first-order model for a higher-order process.