TiO_2超亲水自清洁涂层的研究进展

本文首先介绍了TiO_2薄膜超亲水性机理、自清洁防雾的原理及超亲水薄膜的化学和物理制备的一些基本方法,比较了各种方法的优缺点。并简单介绍了TiO_2复合涂层在自清洁器材、防雾涂层等的应用现状,最后对其发展前景进行了展望。     

TiO_2薄膜超亲水性研究进展

简述了TiO2薄膜材料的超亲水性机理,概括了制备TiO2薄膜的基本方法有:静电自组装技术、微等离子体氧化法、液相沉积法、溶胶-凝胶法、化学气相沉积法、磁控溅射法等;并简要介绍了TiO2薄膜超亲水性材料在自清洁建材、防雾涂层、杀菌消毒等方面的应用现状与发展前景,并展望了今后的研究工作。     

超亲水性介孔SiO2/Bi2O3/TiO2分层薄膜的制备及其自洁净性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶/旋转涂覆法在玻璃基板表面制备介孔SiO2/Bi2 O3/TiO2分层薄膜.采用XRD、UV-vis及表面接触角测量仪对薄膜的结构、透光性及超亲水性进行分析.结果表明,介孔SiO2/Bi2 O3/TiO2分层薄膜仍然保持了表面SiO2的介孔结构,在无光照条件下仍具有超亲水性.涂有硬脂酸的薄膜在紫外光照射后恢复了其超亲水性,具有良好的自洁净性能.且SiO2/Bi2 O3/TiO2分层薄膜表现出比单独的SiO2/TiO2和SiO2/Bi2O3分层薄膜更高的光催化活性.     

自清洁表面材料的制备

自清洁表面是目前解决清洁问题的最有效、最方便、最经济的方法之一。本文主要研究了超亲水性的自清洁表面的制备,以两性离子聚合物的合成,以化学法和物理法修饰在玻璃基材表面,从而增强玻璃基材的亲水性。修饰后的玻璃基材表面进行亲水性、防雾性、透光性等性能进行检测。结果表明,以化学法和物理法修饰的玻璃基材表面的亲水性、防雾性、耐久性都与在紫外光催化的TiO_2薄膜的性能类似,透光性稍有一些不足。     

玻璃表面静电自组装TiO2基薄膜研究

采用静电自组装薄膜技术在玻璃基片表面上制备了TiO2基薄膜。研究TiO2基薄膜的光催化活性和超亲水性。     

多晶二氧化钛表面浸润性转变的机械化学处理方法

TiO2薄膜具有光致超亲水性，在黑暗中放置一段时间后转变为疏水性．本文报道了一种可以在几分钟内实现多晶锐钛矿薄膜表面的亲水性向疏水性转变的机械化学方法．     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2/SiO2复合薄膜的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法在清洁的玻璃表面成功制备了均匀透明的纳米TiO2/SiO2复合薄膜,并用扫描电镜,红外光谱仪,综合热分析仪和接触角测定仪对薄膜的结构和性质进行了研究。结果表明:TiO2/SiO2复合薄膜由晶粒小于10nm的球形颗粒组成,表面均匀,结构致密,具有平整的组织结构;引入SiO2后可以抑制薄膜中TiO2晶粒的长大,且能显著降低薄膜的接触角,增强薄膜的亲水性。     

TiO2/SiO2复合薄膜的形成历程与超亲水性关系

考察了溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2／SiO2复合薄膜过程中,正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)的水解时间与膜的超亲水性的关系,通过XRD分析了SiO2添加量对TiO2锐钛矿晶型的影响,并研究复合薄膜的表面处理对其亲水性的影响。实验发现,当无因次反应时间为0．4时,复合薄膜的亲水性最好;SiO2的引入能够抑制金红石晶型的生长,最佳含量在10～20％。     

TiO2/SiO2复合薄膜的制备及其自清洁性能

利用热陈化法得到的纳米TiO2粒子及SiO2聚合物胶粒通过浸渍-提拉技术制备了具有自清洁功能的TiO2/SiO2复合薄膜。考察了SiO2的复合比例对薄膜的表面形貌、透光率、光致亲水及自清洁性能的影响。随着SiO2复合体积分数的增大,薄膜的表面粗糙度、可见光透过率、光致亲水及自清洁性能显示了相似的变化规律。即在V(SiO2)=25%左右时,薄膜的各项特性或性能达到最大值或最小值。该薄膜在室外放置28天后,仍能显示超亲水性能。     

超亲水性含钛介孔SiO2薄膜的制备及其自洁净性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶/旋转涂覆法在玻璃基板表面制备含钛介孔SiO2薄膜.利用XRD、UV-Vis以及接触角测量仪对薄膜的孔结构和超亲水性进行表征.结果表明,当Ti/Si物质的量比为0～0.05时,薄膜均具有良好的介孔结构;而随着Ti/Si物质的量比的增加,薄膜的介孔有序度下降.即使在无光照条件下,含钛介孔SiO2薄膜也表现出高效的超亲水性.涂有油酸的薄膜在紫外光照射后恢复其超亲水性,且薄膜对甲基橙具有良好的光催化降解效果,表明制备的含钛介孔SiO2薄膜具有良好的自洁净性能.     

Micro-patterned NiFe2O4/Fe–TiO2 composite films: Fabrication,hydrophilicity and application in visible-light-driven photocatalysis

The micro-patterning of NiFe₂O₄ (NFO) films was achieved by a photolithography-assisted chemical solution deposition technique without photoresists. Subsequently, the micro-patterned NFO films were combined with Fe³⁺-doping TiO₂ (FTO) films and then novel micro-patterned NFO/FTO composite films were prepared. The structures, morphologies, hydrophilicity, and optical and visible-light photocatalytic performance of the micro-patterned NFO/FTO films were investigated. The results revealed that the micro-patterned NFO/FTO films exhibit the entire visible-light absorption, lower recombination of electrons and holes and improved hydrophilicity, resulting in higher visible-light photocatalytic activity for methylene blue degradation as compared to pure NFO and FTO films. In addition, the hydrophilicity and photocatalytic activity of the micro-patterned NFO/FTO films are strongly dependent on their pattern periods. More interestingly, the recyclability of the micro-patterned NFO/FTO film can be easily realized without the assistance of external magnet, and the catalytic activity does not decrease with cycle numbers.     

光催化自洁净玻璃的研制

用溶胶－凝胶法制备了表面镀有Ag-TiO2光催化薄膜的自洁净玻璃,并利用XRD,SEM等方法研究了光催化薄膜的结构与特征,考察了不同银含量以及不同膜厚度对自洁净玻璃光催化活性的影响。研究结果表明：光催化薄膜主要由20－100nm的Ag和TiO2颗粒构成;掺入适量银,可提高光催化活性,在[Ag]/[TiO2]=2/50（浓度比）时为最好。在[Ag]/[TiO2]＝2／50时,膜厚为0．87μm时光催化活性最高。     

Ag-TiO2薄膜的制备与光催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯为钛的前驱体,硝酸银为银物种掺杂给体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备经Ag掺杂改性的TiO2溶胶,利用浸渍提拉法在普通玻璃片上制得了Ag-TiO2薄膜,以甲基橙溶液为模拟污染物,研究了煅烧温度、掺银量对Ag-TiO2薄膜光催化活性的影响。结果表明,随煅烧温度的升高,TiO2的结晶度提高,复合薄膜表面的TiO2颗粒形貌逐渐变为规则形状,当煅烧温度为500℃时,复合薄膜具有较好的光催化活性。随着掺银量的增加,复合膜的光催化活性先增大后减小,当AgNO3质量分数0.5%时,复合薄膜具有较好的光催化活性。     

磁控反应溅射制备钇掺杂TiO_2薄膜的研究

采用混合靶直流磁控反应溅射法,在玻璃基体上溅射沉积了含有氧化钇的TiO2薄膜.X-射线光电子能谱分析结果表明,薄膜是由Y2O3和TiO2复合氧化物组成的.钇的存在会抑制薄膜中二氧化钛晶体的形成.薄膜的紫外可见光谱透射率略有下降,而反射率有所增加.钇的掺杂对二氧化钛薄膜的光催化活性起负作用,光催化降解甲基橙反应的活性随钇含量的增加而下降.     

铅-二氧化钛薄膜的制备与光催化性能研究

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,醋酸铅为铅物种掺杂给体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备经铅掺杂改性的二氧化钛溶胶,利用浸渍提拉法在普通玻璃片上制备铅-二氧化钛薄膜,利用X射线衍射（XRD）及扫描电镜（SEM）测试手段对制备的样品进行表征,考察煅烧温度、掺铅量等影响因素。以甲基橙溶液为模拟污染物,30 W紫外灯为光源,考察了铅-二氧化钛薄膜的光催化活性。研究结果表明,掺杂适量的铅离子可以促进二氧化钛锐钛矿相含量的增加及晶粒尺寸的减小;随着煅烧温度的升高,铅-二氧化钛的结晶度提高,复合薄膜表面的二氧化钛颗粒形貌逐渐变为规则形状。当煅烧温度为600 ℃、铅质量分数为0.3%时,复合薄膜具有较好的光催化活性。     

CNTs负载TiO2对茜素红溶液的降解研究

以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,冰醋酸为水解抑制剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO₂/CNTs复合催化剂。测定复合催化剂对不同浓度茜素红溶液的光降解活性,并对光催化降解动力学进行研究。结果表明,在CNTs负载质量分数7.5%、焙烧温度450 ℃和焙烧时间3.5 h条件下制备的TiO₂/CNTs复合催化剂光催化活性得到提升。相同条件下,TiO₂/CNTs对150 mg·L^-1茜素红溶液的最终降解率达67%,而TiO₂的最终降解率只有56%。复合催化剂光催化活性提升的原因是CNTs负载后光催化粒子在紫外光照射下生成更多的氢氧根活性自由基。光催化降解动力学符合Langmuir-Hinshelwood方程,催化剂对污染物的表观吸附是整个反应的“瓶颈”。随着反应浓度的增大,光催化降解反应的反应级数由一级反应逐渐下降为零级反应。     

Nanocolumnar titania thin films uniquely incorporated with carbon for visible light photocatalysis

Carbon-doped or carbon-covered titania can enhance photocatalytic performance under visible light. Here we report the first instance of synergistic effect of the carbon incorporation in anatase titania (TiO_2−xC_x:C) films with both substitutional doping and surface covered characteristics, by reactively co-sputtering Ti metal and graphite targets. The nature of incorporated carbon is characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The absorption edge of the carbon incorporated titania thin films shifted from ultraviolet to visible region and directly depended on the carbon content. The photocatalytic performance, e.g., photodegradation of methylene blue (MB), photo-reduction of silver-ions and super hydrophilicity, was greatly enhanced with increasing carbon content. The best photocatalytic activity is obtained in the TiO_2−xC_x:C film of the most carbon concentration about 9.3 at.% with a degradation rate-constant of 0.108 h⁻¹ for MB under visible-light illumination.     

Photo-Generated Activities of Nanocrystalline TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> Thin Films

Transparent nanocrystalline TiO₂ thin films with high photocatalytic activity and photo-induced wettability were successfully deposited on a glass slide. Crystal phase transformations and particle size of TiO₂ were investigated. Structural and morphological properties of the films were investigated. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO₂ films was evaluated. It is found that the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ thin films is significantly decreased by increasing the annealing temperature, which results in a decrease in BET surface area and an increase in crystal size. In addition, increasing film thickness within a certain range significantly improves the photocatalytic activity without causing crack formation of the TiO₂ films. Photocatalytic oxidation and photo-induced wettability conversion on the films were investigated. It is found that photo-induced hydrophilic conversion is observed even on the samples annealed at high temperature. The best photo-generated activities are obtained by optimization of dip-coating cycles and annealing temperatures.     

TiO2 optical coating layers for self-cleaning applications

TiO₂ films deposited by various coating techniques were investigated for self-cleaning applications. The optical coating layers of TiO₂ films prepared from a sol–gel precursor were deposited on glass substrates using spin coating, dip coating and screen printing techniques. Effects of film deposition techniques on crystal structure, microstructure, thickness, photocatalytic activity, hydrophilicity and optical properties of the films were investigated using XRD, AFM, SEM, surface profilometer, UV–vis spectrophotometer and contact angle measurement. Dip coating the TiO₂ optical film two and three times resulted in superhydrophilic surfaces. Increasing number of dipping times was found to increase the photocatalytic activity.