随机和认知不确定性量化的置信区域法

针对非线性机械系统中混合不确定性量化的问题,提出了随机和认知不确定性量化的置信区域法。首先,分别用概率论方法和区间方法来处理混合不确定性中的随机不确定性和认知不确定性,得到混合不确定性的置信区域;然后,为了在时间域内对不确定性进行传播,对传统双层循环蒙特卡罗抽样方法进行了改进;最后,以非线性质量-弹簧-阻尼系统为例讨论了基于混合不确定性分析方法的有效性。结果表明,同时考虑随机不确定性和认知不确定性,有利于提高系统设计的可靠性,为非线性机械系统的设计与精度分析提供了理论依据。     

卫星帆板不确定性分析

为了研究不确定性参数对卫星帆板系统展开锁定动力学响应过程的影响,对参数为随机和认知不确定性两种情况进行了分析。首先在ADAMS中建立了卫星帆板系统多体动力学模型并建立模型语言文件ADM、脚本控制文件ACF,在MATLAB环境下编辑脚本仿真分析程序进行不确定性多体动力学仿真分析。当参数为随机不确定性时,采用蒙特卡罗方法进行参数抽样并求得响应的置信区域;参数为认知不确定性时,用区间分析的方法求得系统响应边界。联合仿真结果表明两种不确定性分析方法均能定性分析参数不确定性对卫星帆板系统展开锁定响应过程的影响,为卫星帆板系统结构设计提供一定的参考依据。     

考虑不确定性的稳健优化设计研究

传统的稳健设计仅能处理含有随机不确定性参数的问题,以响应的均值和方差来评价。稳健优化设计同时考虑随机不确定性参数和认知不确定性参数,实现不确定性传播的基础上对问题设计参数的优化。采用证据理论来统一描述随机不确定性和认知不确定性,并介绍了描述不确定性时的不确定性传播和响应原理,提出了响应评价准则。最后,以测试系统为研究对象,采用证据理论结构进行不确定性传播,以提出的准则为判断标准,对优化过程进行了验证。     

一种基于证据理论的稳健设计方法

提出了基于证据理论同时处理随机不确定性与认知不确定性的稳健设计方法。通过对随机不确定性参数的概率密度进行证据结构化,建立了随机与认知不确定性参数的统一量化和传播框架,构建了基于证据结构响应均值与变差的稳健设计准则。实例研究表明所提方法可行有效。     

基于可靠性的混合不确定参数汽车盘式制动器振动稳定性分析

针对汽车盘式制动器的制动噪声抑制问题,基于可靠性分析理论,将响应面法与有限元复特征值技术相结合,提出一种混合不确定性参数下汽车盘式制动器系统振动稳定性的可靠性分析方法。该方法将参数不确定性引入到汽车盘式制动器的振动稳定性分析中,采用随机参数和区间参数对制动器系统进行描述,建立包含随机参数和区间参数的制动器系统不稳定特征值的响应面近似模型,实现分析模型的参数化,进而可对系统的振动稳定性进行参数灵敏度分析和可靠性分析。用该方法对某车的浮钳盘式制动器系统进行研究,采用蒙特卡洛方法分析系统振动稳定的可靠性和参数灵敏度。结果表明存在不确定性参数的情形下,通过提高制动器支撑背板的支撑刚度,能有效可靠地改善制动器系统的振动稳定性,减小制动噪声的产生,分析方法对抑制制动噪声具有一定的工程指导意义。     

响应面方法在机构设计中的应用

基于响应面方法和完全因子法在机构设计中的应用,以甜玉米脱粒机输送机构设计为例,利用MSC.ADAMS和Insight软件建立输送机构的虚拟样机模型.根据响应面模型,利用多项式回归分析将随机、不确定性参数对系统性能均值和波动性的影响综合起来考虑,优化了甜玉米脱粒机输送机构的设计参数,获得目标响应和参数的函数关系,为机构精确设计提供了依据.     

混合参数盘式制动器振动稳定性分析

针对汽车盘式制动器在制动过程中的噪声抑制问题,考虑制动不平衡量及制动器参数不确定性的影响,结合响应面法、有限元法与可靠性分析理论,提出了一种含混合参数模型的盘式制动器振动稳定性的可靠性分析方法。采用随机、不确定区间和模糊参数来描述制动系统的动态特性,建立含随机参数、不确定区间参数和模糊参数的盘式制动器系统不稳定阶次响应面代理模型,通过对系统振动稳定性的参数灵敏度分析获取其影响显著因子,在Design Expert软件中对制动时的振动稳定性进行可靠性分析,揭示了各因子二阶交互作用对其可靠度的影响规律。用该方法对某型汽车的钳盘式制动器进行验证,结果表明,含有混合参数的制动器系统在稳定性不理想的情况下,通过增加其支撑背板厚度或提高弹性模量,可以有效改善制动系统的稳定性。     

基于ADAMS的动力减振镗杆仿真分析

建立了基于ADAMS的内置式动力减振镗杆动力学仿真模型,以减小刀刃径向跳动在整个频域内响应的最大值为目标对样机模型进行了优化分析,得出了减振系统的最优参数.仿真试验表明优化后系统的频域响应得到了改善.在此基础上分析了模型中的弹簧刚度系数、粘性阻尼系数、调谐块质量、减振腔尺寸以及调谐块质心位置对系统减振效果的影响,为减振系统进一步的优化设计提供了设计依据.     

基于多项式混沌展开和KL散度的随机有限元模型修正

考虑结构参数不确定性对响应的影响以及当前随机模型修正计算量大的问题,提出一种基于多项式混沌展开和KL散度的随机有限元模型修正方法.首先构建Kriging模型代替有限元模型分析,然后基于概率配点法和回归分析构建多项式混沌展开模型,建立起不确定性结构参数与响应之间的函数关系,快速估算响应的均值和标准差.最后以最小化KL散度为目标,同时对结构参数的均值和标准差进行修正.以三维桁架为例,对弹性模量和密度的均值和标准差进行修正,以此验证所提方法的可行性.结果 表明:所提方法具有较高的修正精度和效率.     

振动传递路径系统的参数和全局灵敏度分析

提出了振动传递路径系统响应对系统参数和传递路径的全局灵敏度分析的数值方法。考虑结构参数的随机性,获取各传递路径受体输出响应的随机统计特征,以及路径中系统参数对受体振动响应的定量影响关系。基于文中数值方法,可以定量表述影响振动传递路径系统中受体振动特性大小的路径重要度排序以及系统参数的灵敏度排序。以典型多自由度振动路径分析模型为例,讨论了随机振动系统传递路径重要度分析过程,通过与Monte-Carlo随机模拟结果相对比,验证了本方法的正确性与可行性。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.