面向语义的精简化多关系频繁模式发现方法

多关系频繁模式发现能够直接从复杂结构化数据中发现涉及多个关系的复杂频繁模式,避免了传统方法的局限。有别于主流基于归纳逻辑程序设计技术的方法,提出了基于合取查询包含关系的面向语义的精简化多关系频繁模式发现方法,具有理论与技术基础的新颖性,解决了两种语义冗余问题。实验表明,该方法在可理解性、功能、效率以及可扩展性方面具有优势。     

An Algorithm for Mining Gradual Moving Object Clusters Pattern From Trajectory Streams

The discovery of gradual moving object clusters pattern from trajectory streams allows characterizing movement behavior in real time environment, which leverages new applications and services. Since the trajectory streams is rapidly evolving, continuously created and cannot be stored indefinitely in memory, the existing approaches designed on static trajectory datasets are not suitable for discovering gradual moving object clusters pattern from trajectory streams. This paper proposes a novel algorithm of gradual moving object clusters pattern discovery from trajectory streams using sliding window models. By processing the trajectory data in current window, the mining algorithm can capture the trend and evolution of moving object clusters pattern. Firstly, the density peaks clustering algorithm is exploited to identify clusters of different snapshots. The stable relationship between relatively few moving objects is used to improve the clustering efficiency. Then, by intersecting clusters from different snapshots, the gradual moving object clusters pattern is updated. The relationship of clusters between adjacent snapshots and the gradual property are utilized to accelerate updating process. Finally, experiment results on two real datasets demonstrate that our algorithm is effective and efficient.     

一种有效的数据流最大频繁模式挖掘算法

针对频繁项集挖掘存在数据和模式冗余的问题,对数据流最大频繁项集挖掘算法进行了研究。针对目前典型的数据流最大频繁模式挖掘算法DSM-MFI存在消耗大量存储空间及执行效率低等问题,提出了一种挖掘数据流界标窗口内最大频繁项集的算法MMFI-DS,该算法首先采用SEFI-tree存储包含在不断增长的数据流中相关最大频繁项集的重要信息,同时删除SEFI-tree中大量不频繁项目,然后使用自顶向下和自底向上双向搜索策略挖掘界标窗口中一系列的最大频繁项集。理论分析与实验表明,该算法比DSM-MFI算法具有更高的效率,并能节省存储空间。     

基于周期采样的数据流频繁项集挖掘算法研究

针对用于数据流频繁项集挖掘的现有方法存在引入过多次频繁项集以及时空性能与输出精度较低的问题,利用Chebyshev不等式,构造了项集频度周期采样的概率误差边界,给出了动态检测项集支持度变化方法.提出了一种基于周期采样的数据流频繁项集挖掘算法FI-PS,该算法通过跟踪项集支持度变化确定项集支持度的稳定性,并以此作为调整窗口大小以及采样周期的依据,从而以一个较大的概率保证项集支持度误差有上界.理论分析及实验证明该算法有效,在保证挖掘结果准确度相对较好的条件下,可获得较优执行性能.     

基于Java3D的空间关联规则可视化原理与实现

空间数据挖掘可视化是空间数据挖掘研究的一个重要方面。可视化技术充分利用了图形和图像的表达能力以及人对于色彩和空间的敏锐的感知能力,使人机有机地融合在一起。本文在简述空间关联规则可视化基本需求的基础上,提出了空间关联规则可视化的一般方法,并进行用Java3D技术开发空间关联规则可视化工具的应用研究。重点在于分析利用Java3D技术进行空间关联规则可视化的基本原理和方法,并给出核心部分流程。最后将该技术应用于两个具体实例中,并给出实现的空间关联规则可视化界面。     

数据挖掘在计量增值服务中的应用

计量业务管理信息化、证书报告数字化为各级计量技术机构积累了海量数据,这些数据大多用于检定或校准结果的合法性判定,其潜在价值没有得到充分挖掘。本文通过分类分析、聚类分析和关联分析等方法,分析了数据挖掘在计量增值服务中的应用途径和意义,并以实例的形式证明计量大数据挖掘可为客户提供优质高效的增值服务,产生良好的社会效益和经济效益。     

免疫进化机制及其在时序模式挖掘中的应用研究

针对目前动态数据挖掘中存在的问题,提出基于数据增量的动态挖掘进程概念;在动态挖掘进程和生物免疫进化过程的相似性基础上,提出了知识发现中的免疫进化机制的基本内涵;给出了基于免疫进化机制的时序模式挖掘算法及其实验分析,以验证理论的正确性和有效性。     

Using big data to make better decisions in the digital economy

The question this special issue would like to address is how to harvest big data to help decision-makers to deliver better fact-based decisions aimed at improving performance or to create better strategy? This special issue focuses on the big data applications in supporting operations decisions, including advanced research on decision models and tools for the digital economy. Responds to this special issue was great and we have included many high-quality papers. We are pleased to present 13 of the best papers. The techniques presented include data mining, simulation and expert system with applications span across online reviews, food retail chain to e-health.     

家庭远程医疗监护报警和咨询智能系统

介绍了家庭远程医疗监护和咨询智能系统，它综合运用数据融合、数据挖掘、小波分析、模式识别、人工智能等技术，能自动进行监护数据分析和异常情况识别及网络报警、远程实时诊断。给出了系统的硬件组成框图，家庭端软件结构组成框图、医疗监护中心端软件结构组成框图，介绍了系统的部分关键技术，基于小波变换的心电信号分析，结合数据挖掘和机器学习的自动建模方法，基于数据融合和识别推理的病人异常情况识别。该系统在微机Windows平台采用VC 实现，经仿真实验取得了满意的结果。     

Kinematic and deformation parameter measurement by spatiotemporal analysis of an interferogram sequence

In recent years, optical interferometry has been applied to the whole-field, noncontact measurement of vibrating or continuously deforming objects. In many cases, a high resolution measurement of kinematic (displacement, velocity, and acceleration, etc.) and deformation parameters (strain, curvature, and twist, etc.) can give useful information on the dynamic response of the objects concerned. Different signal processing algorithms are applied to two types of interferogram sequences, which were captured by a high-speed camera using different interferometric setups: (1) a speckle or fringe pattern sequence with a temporal carrier and (2) a wrapped phase map sequence. These algorithms include Fourier transform, windowed Fourier transform, wavelet transform, and even a combination of two of these techniques. We will compare these algorithms using the example of a 1D temporal evaluation of interferogram sequences and extend these algorithms to 2D and 3D processing, so that accurate kinematic and deformation parameters of moving objects can be evaluated with different types of optical interferometry.     

Analyzing Customer Reviews on Social Media via Applying Association Rule

The rapid growth of the use of social media opens up new challenges and opportunities to analyze various aspects and patterns in communication. In-text mining, several techniques are available such as information clustering, extraction, summarization, classification. In this study, a text mining framework was presented which consists of 4 phases retrieving, processing, indexing, and mine association rule phase. It is applied by using the association rule mining technique to check the associated term with the Huawei P30 Pro phone. Customer reviews are extracted from many websites and Facebook groups, such as re-view.cnet.com, CNET. Facebook and amazon.com technology, where customers from all over the world placed their notes on cell phones. In this analysis, a total of 192 reviews of Huawei P30 Pro were collected to evaluate them by text mining techniques. The findings demonstrate that Huawei P30 Pro, has strong points such as the best safety, high-quality camera, battery that lasts more than 24 hours, and the processor is very fast. This paper aims to prove that text mining decreases human efforts by recognizing significant documents. This will lead to improving the awareness of customers to choose their products and at the same time sales managers also get to know what their products were accepted by customers suspended.     

FogMed: A Fog-Based Framework for Disease Prognosis Based Medical Sensor Data Streams

Recently, an increasing number of works start investigating the combination of fog computing and electronic health (ehealth) applications. However, there are still numerous unresolved issues worth to be explored. For instance, there is a lack of investigation on the disease prediction in fog environment and only limited studies show, how the Quality of Service (QoS) levels of fog services and the data stream mining techniques influence each other to improve the disease prediction performance (e.g., accuracy and time efficiency). To address these issues, we propose a fog-based framework for disease prediction based on Medical sensor data streams, named FogMed. This framework aims to improve the disease prediction accuracy by achieving two objectives: QoS guarantee of fog services and anomaly prediction of Medical data streams. We build a virtual FogMed environment and conduct comprehensive experiments on the public ECG dataset to validate the performance of FogMed. The experiment results show that it performs better than the cloud computing model for processing tasks with different complexities in terms of time efficiency.     

Interestingness of association rules in data mining: Issues relevant to e-commerce

The ubiquitous low-cost connectivity synonymous with the internet has changed the competitive business environment by dissolving traditional sources of competitive advantage based on size, location and the like. In this level playing field, firms are forced to compete on the basis of knowledge. Data mining tools and techniques provide e-commerce applications with novel and significant knowledge. This knowledge can be leveraged to gain competitive advantage. However, the automated nature of data mining algorithms may result in a glut of patterns — the sheer numbers of which contribute to incomprehensibility. Importance of automated methods that address this immensity problem, particularly with respect to practical application of data mining results, cannot be overstated. We first examine different approaches to address this problem citing their applicability to e-commerce whenever appropriate. We then provide a detailed survey of one important approach, namely interestingness measure, and discuss its relevance in e-commerce applications such as personalization in recommender systems. Study of current literature brings out important issues that reveal many promising avenues for future research. We conclude by reiterating the importance of post-processing methods in data mining for effective and efficient deployment of e-commerce solutions.     

数据挖掘与数据库知识发现:统计学的观点

数据挖掘和数据库知识发现是当前国际科技界的一个研究热点，这是一个介于统计学，模式识别，人工智能、机器学习、数据库技术以及高性能并行计算等领域的交叉新兴学科，具有极为广泛的应用前景。从统计学的角度来透视其中相关的统计问题，提出了传统统计学面临的挑战，以及在这个领域将带来的一些新的研究方向。     

Data mining for enhanced driving effectiveness: an eco-driving behaviour analysis model for better driving decisions

With the growing demand for energy efficient vehicles, automobile companies are constantly searching for better ways to study their customers’ driving behaviour for effective new product design and development. One emerging driving behaviour among modern, eco-friendly drivers is the utilising of advanced vehicle technology for smarter, safer and more fuel-efficient driving. While many eco-driving studies focus on minimising fuel consumption, little attention is paid to how the behaviour of an individual driver and the type of vehicle used impact driving effectiveness. This study addresses this gap by proposing a novel overall drive effectiveness index that uses data mining for better driving decisions. Utilising data mining techniques, the index examines the impact of driving behaviour on driving effectiveness. A novel fuel consumption prediction model based on vehicle speed, engine speed and engine load was constructed. This decision-making support model accurately predicts real-time fuel consumption based on different driving behaviours, and hence, the driving effectiveness. Both the proposed index and fuel consumption model can be used to support decision-making in new product design and development.     

数据挖掘在电信客户细分中的应用研究

把数据挖掘中聚类分类技术应用于基于客户价值矩阵的客户价值细分中,建立一种电信客户细分方法,为电信公司客户保持和营销提供决策依据.用样本进行实验,建立了各类价值客户的分类模型,得出结论.     

语义感知的多态攻击网络签名产生方法

多态攻击网络签名在传统串模式挖掘与匹配技术中应用难以生成有效的签名数据.本文在传统应用方法基础上,提出并测试了基于语义感知方法.首先,详细分析了多态攻击数据状态特征.然后,通过使用静态数据流形成过程分析提取了静态语义原始代码.最后,按照基于特征分类标准,应用Sig Free方法生成了多层多态签名数据,而且数据里面还包含代码的多态语义与串模式相应信息.通过对比Hamsa方案的实验数据表明,此方法可以有效降低数字签名的失误率和失真率.     

A review on the temporal pattern of deer–vehicle accidents: Impact of seasonal,diurnal and lunar effects in cervids

The increasing number of deer–vehicle-accidents (DVAs) and the resulting economic costs have promoted numerous studies on behavioural and environmental factors which may contribute to the quantity, spatiotemporal distribution and characteristics of DVAs. Contrary to the spatial pattern of DVAs, data of their temporal pattern is scarce and difficult to obtain because of insufficient accuracy in available datasets, missing standardization in data aquisition, legal terms and low reporting rates to authorities. Literature of deer–traffic collisions on roads and railways is reviewed to examine current understanding of DVA temporal trends. Seasonal, diurnal and lunar peak accident periods are identified for deer, although seasonal pattern are not consistent among and within species or regions and data on effects of lunar cycles on DVAs is almost non-existent. Cluster analysis of seasonal DVA data shows nine distinct clusters of different seasonal DVA pattern for cervid species within the reviewed literature. Studies analyzing the relationship between time-related traffic predictors and DVAs yield mixed results. Despite the seasonal dissimilarity, diurnal DVA pattern are comparatively constant in deer, resulting in pronounced DVA peaks during the hours of dusk and dawn frequently described as bimodal crepuscular pattern. Behavioural aspects in activity seem to have the highest impact in DVAs temporal trends. Differences and variations are related to habitat-, climatic- and traffic characteristics as well as effects of predation, hunting and disturbance. Knowledge of detailed temporal DVA pattern is essential for prevention management as well as for the application and evaluation of mitigation measures.     

A review of systematic evaluation and improvement in the big data environment

The era of big data brings unprecedented opportunities and challenges to management research. As one of the important functions of management decision-making, evaluation has been given more functions and application space. Exploring the applicable evaluation methods in the big data environment has become an important subject of research. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview and discussion of systematic evaluation and improvement in the big data environment. We first review the evaluation methods based on the main analytic techniques of big data such as data mining, statistical methods, optimization and simulation, and deep learning. Focused on the characteristics of big data (association feature, data loss, data noise, and visualization), the relevant evaluation methods are given. Furthermore, we explore the systematic improvement studies and application fields. Finally, we analyze the new application areas of evaluation methods and give the future directions of evaluation method research in a big data environment from six aspects. We hope our research could provide meaningful insights for subsequent research.     

数据挖掘与最优化结合的理论方法体系与问题求解模型

在研究了已有数据挖掘的过程模型的基础上,提出了数据挖掘与最优化结合的理论方法体系和支持最终决策分析的管理问题求解模型,目标是有效地将各种数据挖掘技术与最优化方法在实际应用中有机地结合起来,并为复杂的管理决策分析问题求解和决策实施提供一个切实可行的参考模型。通过在客户群决策分析中的应用,验证了提出的方法和模型的可行性和有效性。