冰滴咖啡萃取工艺试验

本研究针对国内目前比较少见的冰滴咖啡萃取工艺,研究冰滴咖啡风味的影响因素。通过单因素实验和正交试验结合的方式,用感官评价法对萃取结果进行评分,比较分析咖啡粉研磨度、萃取水温、萃取水粉比例、萃取时间对最终萃取风味的影响,比较各项因素对咖啡风味影响程度的大小。通过试验对比找出最佳萃取风味的因素组合。结果表明:四项因素中,咖啡粉研磨度对于风味影响最大,当研磨度为8.5、萃取时间为9h、萃取粉水比例为1∶6、萃取水温为15℃时,风味最佳。     

冻干咖啡片的研制

以咖啡粉为原料,采用热水提取、冷冻干燥的方法,制备了冻干咖啡片。通过实验确定最佳制片方案为:咖啡粉浸提温度90℃,浸提时间12min,料液比为1:15,提取液浓缩至65%浓度,于共熔点温度-36℃以下冷冻干燥。按优选工艺制得的冻干咖啡片硬度适当,片型完整,溶解迅速,具有较速溶咖啡更好的风味、复水性和感官品质。     

冰咖啡

皇家咖啡原料:咖啡粉120克、白兰地10毫升、咖啡糖少许。步骤:1、咖啡粉冲成热咖啡倒入杯中。2、加上白兰地搅拌均匀,与咖啡糖一起上桌即可。卡布基诺咖啡原料:咖啡粉120克,鲜奶油50克,咖啡糖、肉桂粉少许。步骤:1、把咖啡粉冲成热咖啡倒入杯中至8分满。2、鲜奶油打泡放入杯中,撒上肉桂粉,加咖啡糖即可食用。     

冷萃咖啡微波真空干燥工艺优化

以冷萃咖啡原液为原料，以成品咖啡粉的感官评分为指标，在单因素试验的基础上采用响应面法优化微波真空干燥工艺。结果表明：微波真空干燥的最佳工艺为微波密度0.62 W/g、铺盘旋转速度4.12 r/min、咖啡铺盘厚度9 mm,此工艺制作的冷萃咖啡的感官评分达76.61;采用该工艺制备的咖啡粉与冷冻干燥制备的咖啡粉无显著差异。     

超声辅助酶法提取咖啡果皮白藜芦醇工艺优化及其体外抗氧化活性

采取超声辅助酶法提取咖啡果皮白藜芦醇,结合单因素试验设计L9（34）正交试验优化咖啡果皮白藜芦醇提取工艺,并研究其体外抗氧化活性。结果显示咖啡果皮白藜芦醇最佳提取工艺条件为乙醇体积分数70%、料液比1∶60（g/mL）、超声时间20 min、超声温度45 ℃,此条件下咖啡果皮白藜芦醇提取率达0.856%。体外抗氧化试验表明,在试验浓度范围内,咖啡果皮乙醇提取物对·OH 的清除能力和总还原能力强于VC,表现出较强的抗氧化能力。     

无糖咖啡热巧饮品的研制

利用现有固体饮料热巧产品的生产工艺和配方,在其中添加咖啡粉,并用营养型甜味剂（木糖醇、山梨糖醇）替代白砂糖,研制新型功能性无糖咖啡热巧饮品并制定质量标准。在现有配方的基础上,通过实验确定复合甜味剂：木糖醇与山梨糖醇的最佳配比为3∶2。在单因素实验结果的基础上,通过L9（34）正交试验确定无糖咖啡热巧饮品的最佳配方为植脂末185g、奶粉200g、黄原胶10g、可可粉100g、咖啡粉50g、复合甜味剂450g（木糖醇270g、山梨糖醇180g）、咖啡香精5g。     

低聚果糖咖啡牛奶的加工工艺与稳定性研究

采用单因素试验和正交试验确定了以鲜牛奶、咖啡粉、低聚果糖和白砂糖为主要原料进行超高温瞬时灭菌,无菌灌装后生产咖啡牛奶的加工工艺.结果表明,优化的配方为:鲜奶40%,咖啡粉0.4%,低聚果糖4%,白糖4%,酸0.25%;添加CMC-Na0.25%,果胶0.10%,阿拉伯胶0.15%,柠檬酸三钠0.1%,能起到良好的稳定效果.     

咖啡杏仁乳的加工工艺及稳定性研究

以苦杏仁、咖啡为主要原料,研制一种复合型保健饮料。采用正交试验的方法确定合理的配方和适宜的工艺条件,并对产品质量作了评价。结果表明:杏仁量为3%、咖啡量为2%,加入6%的糖和0.4%的乳化稳定剂可以保证产品具有最佳的感官品质,同时具有稳定性好和滋味浓厚的特点。选择HLB为9.3为咖啡杏仁乳的最佳HLB值,即单甘酯与蔗糖酯的最佳比例为3∶7。在121℃下杀菌15min,制得的咖啡杏仁乳为咖啡色。35℃条件下进行保温7d,结果表明:咖啡杏仁乳在试验期内无沉淀,无脂肪分层,无变质腐败现象出现。     

草本咖啡粉喷雾干燥工艺及配方研究

通过研究草本咖啡的浸提工艺、喷雾干燥条件和辅料配方参数,确定草本咖啡粉的制备工艺。结果表明,在料液比1:15(g/L)条件下浸提3次、每次20min,所得浸提液的出粉率较高;在进风温度140℃、进料量350mL/h、风机频率55Hz条件下喷雾干燥,可得到品质较好的草本咖啡粉;采用单因素和正交试验确定的最佳辅料配方为麦芽糊精添加量30%、β-环糊精添加量4.5%、羧甲基纤维素钠添加量0.12%和阿拉伯胶添加量1.5%。     

咖啡牛奶果冻工艺研究

通过单因素试验和正交试验,研究了以咖啡、牛奶为主要原料,以果冻粉、白砂糖、柠檬酸为辅料的果冻的加工工艺,得到的咖啡牛奶果冻的最佳配方为：白砂糖8.0%、果冻粉0.8%、咖啡粉0.2%、柠檬酸0.1%。产品呈奶咖啡色,酸甜可口,不含防腐剂,不添加色素,是值得信赖的健康食品。     

印尼罗布斯塔咖啡豆应用于咖啡饮料开发的研究

印度尼西亚产的罗布斯塔咖啡豆多用于咖啡饮料的工业生产。分析了不同烘焙程度对该咖啡豆香气成分的影响。以水为介质,研究了该咖啡豆烘焙度、粉碎粒度、萃取温度以及萃取料液比对咖啡萃取的影响。通过4因素3水平正交试验确定了最佳处理条件为：烘焙度L=19＋1、粉碎粒度N0．18—0n=70％＋1％＆Pan〈5％、萃取温度90℃、萃取料液比1：14。     

Modelling the aqueous extraction of soluble substances from ground roast coffee

The kinetic results obtained by Zanoni el al (J Set Food Agric 58 1992 275–279) for the extraction of solubles from sieved roast arabica coffee at 90°C have been recalculated and re-interpreted. It has been shown that the 85–90% of soluble extracted within the first minute can be accounted for by diffusion of the soluble constituents through the coffee particles rather than by a large washing phase. It is also suggested that the subsequent slower extraction process may be caused by the emergence of different constituents according to the particle size.     

咖啡油的提取及稳定性研究

对从咖啡渣中提取咖啡油的方法及咖啡油的稳定性做了研究,结果表明,咖啡油的热稳定性好、贮存稳定性好、抗氧化稳定性较好,但耐光性较弱。     

Influence of extraction temperature on the final quality of espresso coffee

The final quality of espresso coffee (EC) depends upon certain technical conditions, such as the extraction temperature used in preparing it. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of water temperature (88, 92, 96 and 98 °C) on the final quality of three types of EC (Arabica, Robusta Natural blend and Robusta Torrefacto blend) in order to select the optimal temperature. Volatile compound (analysed by Static headspace gas chromatography/mass spectrometry) and sensory flavour profiles were the most relevant parameters, whereas physicochemical, taste and mouthfeel parameters were not very useful for selecting the water temperature. For Arabica and Robusta Natural blend ECs, 92 °C was the optimal water temperature. For Robusta Torrefacto blend EC the overall acceptability might lead to the selection of 88 °C as the ideal water temperature, but the high percentages of key odorants related to roasty and earthy/musty flavours and the ‘not hot enough’ perception dictated the selection of 92 °C in this case as well. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

Modelling the aqueous extraction of soluble substances from ground roasted coffee

This work aims to study and model the extraction of soluble substances from coffee grounds having different particle sizes. The results demonstrate that coffee brewing cannot be considered a simple diffusion mechanism as reported in the literature. The phenomenon has two phases: a washing phase where surface soluble substances instantaneously dissolve and are transferred to the extract by a convection mechanism, and a diffusion phase involving the solubles within the porous particles. A model was set up to calculate extraction yield as the addition of the two phases. It was also demonstrated that the effect of washing shows a linear correlation with the external surface area of particles and that the composition of the extracts does not depend on extraction time.     

Compositional Changes in Brewed Coffee as a Function of Brewing Time

Variations in the composition of brewed coffee as a function of brewing time were monitored using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Batches of coffee were produced using flow rates of 50-500 mL/min, which resulted in brewtimes of 4.42-31.07 min. While most components increased in concentration with longer brewing times, several showed significant losses beyond 8 min, indicating an optimum brewtime of 7-9 min.     

The kinetics and mechanism of caffeine infusion from coffee: The effect of roasting

Rates of extraction of caffeine into water at 80°C were measured for green and roasted Kenyan arabica coffee beans. The green beans were roasted to controlled extents in a Moda coffee roaster, ground, and sieved to a size range 0.85–1.18 mm. Certain physical properties (weight loss, colour, bean volume and infusion pH) were determined for each product. The half-time of caffeine infusion did not change significantly on light roasting but dropped by 40% on more severe treatment and by a further 30% when roasted to scorching. The activation energy also decreased on strong roasting. The kinetic parameters have been correlated with the physical properties of the coffees and with the chemical and physical changes of roasting.