Sol-Gel Processing of Zr(C,N,O) and Al(C,N,O) Powders

,-Diaminoparaxylene was reacted with Zr(OPr ⁿ )₄ at a molar ratio r = 2 or with Al(OBu ^s )₃ with a molar ratio r = 1.5 or 2. Characterization of the obtained hybrid organic–inorganic gels by FTIR, XRD, TGA, and ¹³C CP-MAS NMR showed that a substitution reaction occurred between the OPr ⁿ or OBu ^s groups of the alkoxides and the HN—CH₂—C₆H₄—CH₂—NH groups of the diamine. Powders derived from hybrid gels pyrolysis were also analyzed.     

低温烧结Al2O3-硅酸盐玻璃系玻璃陶瓷的制备和性能研究

采用Al2O3-硅酸盐玻璃复合体系制备低温烧结玻璃陶瓷，通过TG-DTA、XRD、SEM等分析方法对样品进行表征，随着玻璃含量的增加玻璃陶瓷的烧结温度逐渐降低，在玻璃含量约为50％（质量分数）时玻璃陶瓷的热导率达到最大值2．70W/m·K，此时的玻璃陶瓷具有低的烧结温度（800℃）、高的相对密度（≥95％）、低的电容率（8～10）、低的介电损耗（1．5％～0．7％），有望成为LED封装用基板材料。     

ZrO2/Al2O3多孔陶瓷的制备与力学性能

采用凝胶-发泡法制备了ZrO2/Al2O3多孔陶瓷,研究了陶瓷浆料的流变性,固相含量对多孔陶瓷坯体显微结构与力学性能的影响,以及烧结助剂MgO含量与多孔陶瓷抗压强度及气孔率之间的关系.结果表明,在分散剂含量为0.4％(质量分数),球磨4 h,pH值为4的条件下,陶瓷浆料的黏度较低,有利于凝胶注模.固相含量增加,坯体气孔率下降.过高的固相含量使浆料流动困难,注模时引入空气导致坯体内形成较大的气孔甚至裂纹,使坯体抗压强度下降.由ZrO2引起的相变增韧及微裂纹增韧可有效改善多孔陶瓷的力学性能.随烧结助剂含量增加,多孔陶瓷气孔支撑体致密化程度增大,气孔率降低,抗压强度明显升高.多孔陶瓷的抗压强度最高达30 MPa.引入适量的ZrO2及烧结助剂,可制备气孔率适中、抗压强度高的多孔陶瓷.     

Fabrication and mechanical properties of Al2O3/Ti(C0.7N0.3) nanocomposites

Two kinds of Al₂O₃/Ti(C_0.7N_0.3) nanocomposites were fabricated with traditional hot pressed sintering and repetitious-hot-pressing technology, one is added with nano-scale SiC, and the other is without SiC. The results showed that the mechanical properties of the former are higher than that of the latter, especially the fracture toughness can reach up to 8.3 MPa m^1/2. Although the fracture toughness remains high, repetitious-hot-pressing results in the reduction of flexural strength. The improvement of the mechanical properties is interpreted from the different microstructure and fracture mode. The microstructure shows that the addition of nano-scale Ti(C_0.7N_0.3) and nano-scale SiC lead to the refinement of matrix grain, and the inter/intragranular microstructure can be formed instead of the intergranular microstructure in monolithic alumina. The higher fracture toughness resulted mainly from the transgranular fracture mode.     

Preparation of nano-structured ceramics using nanosized Al2O3 particles

This study is established with the theory that toughness of ceramics can be improved by reducing the grain sizes of alumina (Al₂O₃) ceramics. For nano-structured Al₂O₃ ceramics, nano-sized Al₂O₃ particles can be synthesized by MOCVD (metal organic chemical vapor deposition) method with Al(CH₃)₃. The synthesized particle sizes were 5.6, 11.2 and 22.4 nm, and these particles were used as initial materials. The grain sizes in nano-structured ceramics were controlled by both sintering temperature and holding time. They transformed dramatically from -Al₂O₃ to -Al₂O₃ when sintered above 1223 K for two hours. The transformation temperature was lowered by 250 K in comparison the temperature of the phase transformation in bulk. The grain size of nano-structured alumina ceramics grew with increasing sintering temperature. At the sintering temperature of 1173 K, it is necessary of an incubation time for grain growth. The incubation time became longer while particle size decreased. After the incubation time, the rate of grain growth was steeply increased. Above 1273 K, the grain growth directly occurred without any incubation time.     

Creep properties of (Si–Al–O–N)SiC whisker composites

(Si–Al–O–N) (sialon)–SiC whisker (SiC_w) composites containing up to 10 mass% SiC_w were prepared by hot isostatic pressing. The strengths and the fracture toughness of composites remained relatively unchanged with the amount of SiC_w. The addition of SiC_w enabled us to improve the creep properties of sialon ceramics. The total creep strain and steady-state creep rate at 1473 K under a stress of 400–500 MPa decreased with increasing the amount of SiC_w. The experimental creep exponent values of monolithic sialon and sialon–SiC_w composites were nearly 1. It is supposed that the creep of both monolithic sialon and sialon–SiC_w composites are dominated by the viscous flow of the interglanular glassy phase.     

Mechanical properties of sinter-forged Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramics

Two kinds of composites, Al₂O₃-25 wt% ZrO₂(2 mol% Y₂O₃) (Y-ZTA), Al₂O₃-25 wt% ZrO₂(8 mol% CeO₂) (Ce-ZTA) were produced by the sinter-forging process. The effect of presintering temperature on the mechanical properties of the composites was examined. The sinter-forging process increased the room-temperature bending strength in comparison with pressureless sintering, owing to the smaller grain size in sinter-forged bodies than in pressureless sintered ones. It was found necessary to keep the presintering temperature considerably lower than sinter-forging temperature in order to improve the room-temperature strength. The strength of sinter-forged Ce-ZTA was higher than that of sinter-forged Y-ZTA. The residual surface compressive stress induced by the phase transition during grinding in Ce-ZTA was found to be effective to further improve the strength and fracture toughness.     

Electrostrictive and photoluminescent properties in Pr-doped (Ba,Sr)(Ti,Al)O3 ceramics.

Pr3(+)-doped (Ba,Sr)(Ti,Al)O3 ceramics were prepared using a conventional solid-state reaction technique. Multiple functions of electrostriction and photoluminescence were realized in the ceramics. Red emission (614 nm) was observed in the samples, and the intensity reached its largest value in the sample of 40 mol% Sr addition. Although the electrostrictive strain decreased in the Pr and Al doped samples, the temperature dependence is remarkably improved comparable to the undoped sample.     

纳米Ti(C,N)增强Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的制备研究

采用Ti(C,N)纳米粉末制备Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷.研究了烧结温度、保温时间和升温速度等工艺参数对含10wt％纳米粉末的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷性能的影响,得到优化烧结工艺为1450℃,保温75min,升温速度3℃/min.用优化工艺制备的Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷抗弯强度提高了约36.7％,增强机理主要表现为细晶强化、弥散强化和固溶强化.     

Mechanical properties and fracture behaviour of Al2O3-TiC-Co advanced ceramics

Abstracts are not published in this journal This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanical properties of Al2O3 and Al2O3 + ZrO2 ceramics reinforced by SiC whiskers

The effect of the SiC whisker content on the mechanical properties of Al₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ + 20 vol% ZrO₂ (2 mol% Y₂O₃) ceramic composites has been investigated. It is shown that the strength and fracture toughness of the composites are increased by the addition of 0–30 vol% SiC whiskers with only one exception that 30 vol% SiC whisker leads to a decrease in the flexure strength. The addition of 20 vol% ZrO₂ (2 mol% Y₂O₃) significantly improves the mechanical properties of the Al₂O₃ + SiC whisker (SiC_w) composites and the t-m phase transformation of ZrO₂ is enhanced by the residual stresses caused by the thermal incompatibility between the SiC_w and the matrix. The toughening effect of both SiC whiskers and the t-m phase transformation of ZrO₂ (2 mol% Y₂O₃) is shown to be additive, but the addition of ZrO₂ decreases the strengthening effect of the SiC whiskers.     

Zn(C7H7N2O4)2制备及其吸附脱硫性能研究

经过酯交换、水解两步反应制备了有机配体1,3-二乙酸咪唑.利用溶剂热法以硝酸锌为金属源制备了金属-有机框架材料Zn(C7H7N2O4)2,并对其进行了温度优化、时间优化以及反应物比例优化,采用了X射线衍射(XRD)对其进行了表征分析.同时采用以苯并噻吩为模型化合物,在相同条件下进行吸附脱硫效果评价.实验结果表明:M-2/T-120/t-72显示出最佳的吸附脱硫性能.     

反应溅射（Al，Ti）（0，N）涂层的微结构与力学性能

采用Al—Ti镶嵌复合靶在Ar、N2和O2混合气体中反应溅射制备了一系列（Al，Ti）（O，N）涂层。并采用EDS、XRD、TEM和微力学探针研究了薄膜的化学成分、微结构和力学性能。结果表明，随氧分压的提高，涂层中氧含量逐步增加，氮含量相应减少，（Al＋Ti）：（O＋N）的化学计量比仍约为1：1，涂层保持与（Al，Ti）N涂层相同的NaCl结构。低氧含量时薄膜在（111）方向上择优生长，随着氧含量的提高，涂层生长的择优取向发生改变，高氧含量薄膜样品呈现强烈（200）织构的柱状晶。与此同时，（Al，Ti）（O，N）涂层的硬度和弹性模量也仍保持在与（Al，Ti）N涂层相当的35GPa和370～420GPa的高值。由于涂层中形成了相当含量的氧化物，这类涂层的抗氧化能力有望得到提高。     

ZrO_2增韧Al_2O_3陶瓷的力学性能和增韧机制

对通过热压烧结法制备的3种陶瓷99.5vol%Al2O3(AD995)、ZrO2(15vol%)/Al2O3和ZrO2(25vol%)/Al2O3的力学性能和增韧机制进行了实验和理论研究。基于复合材料细观力学理论并考虑ZrO2的相变特性,建立了描述ZrO2/Al2O3陶瓷力学性能的本构模型。结果表明:ZrO2的加入细化了基体Al2O3晶粒,ZrO2/Al2O3陶瓷的致密性得到提高;3种陶瓷试件的破坏呈现小变形到脆性破坏的特点,压缩加载下试件应力-应变曲线近似为线性关系;AD995陶瓷的断裂韧性为5.65 MPa·m1/2,ZrO2(25vol%)/Al2O3陶瓷的断裂韧性为8.42 MPa·m1/2,提高了近50%;随ZrO2增韧相含量的增加,ZrO2/Al2O3陶瓷的弹性模量降低而断裂韧性增加,这一变化趋势与实验结果有良好的一致性。     

反应溅射(Al,Ti)(O,N)涂层的微结构与力学性能

采用Al-Ti镶嵌复合靶在Ar、N2和O2混合气体中反应溅射制备了一系列(Al,Ti)(O,N)涂层.并采用EDS、XRD、TEM和微力学探针研究了薄膜的化学成分、微结构和力学性能.结果表明,随氧分压的提高,涂层中氧含量逐步增加,氮含量相应减少,(Al Ti):(O N)的化学计量比仍约为1:1,涂层保持与(Al,Ti)N涂层相同的NaCl结构.低氧含量时薄膜在(111)方向上择优生长,随着氧含量的提高,涂层生长的择优取向发生改变,高氧含量薄膜样品呈现强烈(200)织构的柱状晶.与此同时,(Al,Ti)(O,N)涂层的硬度和弹性模量也仍保持在与(Al,Ti)N涂层相当的35GPa和370～420GPa的高值.由于涂层中形成了相当含量的氧化物,这类涂层的抗氧化能力有望得到提高.