梯次化聚氨酯/乙烯基酯树脂IPN的结构及阻尼性能

采用同步互穿和梯次化涂层工艺,室温固化制备新型梯次化聚氨酯/乙烯基酯树脂(甲基丙烯酸丁酯)互穿聚合物网络(PU/VER(BMA)IPN).采用DMA考察了涂层时间间隔和组成比对阻尼性能的影响.结果表明当涂层时间间隔为3h,组成比为50/50～60/40～70/30的梯次化IPN材料,tgδ＞0.3的温域为-57～90℃,tgδ＞0.5的温域为-36～54℃,其有效阻尼温域较单层材料的明显变宽.SEM-EDX对材料梯度结构的检测结果表明制备的梯次化IPN材料宏观组成上存在梯度结构;存在独立的组成和结构均匀的各层结构;层间过渡区域为组成连续变化的梯度结构.TEM检测结果表明材料的梯度区域较每层区域具有更加精细、均匀的双相连续微观结构.并且通过梯次化涂层工艺使材料的力学性能得以改善,涂层综合性能较好.     

聚氨酯/乙烯基酯树脂复合弹性体的阻尼性能研究

采用预聚体法合成了一系列聚氨酯／乙烯基酯树脂复合弹性体，并用动态力学分析法研究了组成、异氰酸酯指数及是否计量VER中的仲羟基等对复合弹性体的阻尼性能的影响。结果表明，当PU／VER的质量比例为60／40，且异氰酸酯指数接近1时，材料的阻尼性能最好；不计量VER中的仲羟基时，所合成的PU／VER表现为两个玻璃化转变温度。此外，用VER直接作为PU的交联剂，二者共聚所形成的PU／VER的阻尼温域可达100℃以上，且在常温范围有较高阻尼因子。     

HTBN型聚氨酯/聚丙烯酸酯阻尼材料的合成及性能研究

以端羟基聚丁二烯/丙烯腈共聚物(HTBN)为软段,甲苯二异腈酸酯(TDI)为硬段的聚氨酯预聚体,以丙烯酸酯单体为自由基聚合单体,利用"同步互穿"工艺,制备了一系列室温固化HTBN型聚氨酯(HTBN-PU)/聚丙烯酸酯(PA)互穿网络(PU/PA-IPN)聚合物.研究表明:二月桂酸二丁基锡(T-12)用量为0.3%、过氧化苯甲酰(BPO)用量为1.0%时,PU/PA两相可形成较为理想的阻尼IPN结构.以甲基丙烯酸丁酯(BMA)为PA相的PU/PA-IPN材料阻尼性能最好,tanδ＞0.3的温域高达126℃(-46～80℃),tanδ的峰值为0.85;PU/PA-IPN的频谱图表明,材料表现出较好的低频(10Hz)阻尼性能.     

聚醚氨酯/环氧树脂(PU/EP)互穿聚合物网络(IPN)的研究

用一步本体法合成了聚醚氨酯/环氧树脂(PU/EP)互穿聚合物网络(IPN)。以透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)及动态粘弹仪(TOYO Baldwin Rheovibron DDV-Ⅲ-EA)对IPN体系前进行了表征,并以自行设计的悬臀梁法测量了该体系的阻尼性能。结果表明:PU/EPIPN中PU和EP两高分子网络间存在着强物理相互作用——互穿作用而无化学相互作用。互穿作用的大小依赖于PU/EP原料配比、PU交联密度、PU软段长度、PU扩链剂结构及未固化EP的本体粘度等因素;该IPN体系的阻尼温域宽(大于100℃)且阻尼值高(tgδ大于0.4),是性能优越的阻尼材料。由表征结果对该IPN体系的形成过程进行了探讨,提出了互穿——迁移相竞争的概念。     

聚氨酯IPN阻尼性能研究进展

介绍了互穿聚合物网络(IPN)材料的阻尼机理。综述了聚氨酯(PU)IPN阻尼材料的研究进展及新的可能的发展方向。     

有机杂化聚氨酯/乙烯基树脂材料阻尼性能的研究

在聚氯酯(PU)/乙烯基树脂(VER)互穿网络聚合物中掺杂受阻胺(DZ)制备了有机杂化PU/VER复合材料.利用差示扫描量热分析(DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)及动态力学热分析仪(DMA)对该复合材料的结构和阻尼性能进行了研究.结果表明,纯净DZ为晶态,但在复合材料中DZ具有晶态、与聚合物基质形成氢键、无序聚集态等多种形态,DZ的加入提高了该复合材料的阻尼性能.     

聚氨酯/聚氯乙烯(PU/PVC)半-IPN的研究——Ⅱ.聚酯氨酯/聚氯乙烯体系的合成及动态力学性能

以端羟基己二酸乙二醇酯(PEA,M_n=2000)和4,4′-二苯基二异氰酸酯(MDI)反应制备的聚氨酯预聚物和PVC溶液共混后固化聚氨酯而合成了PU/PVCSemi-IPN 动态力学研究结果表明:通过形成PU/PVC IPN,可明显提高PEA和PVC的相容性。试样的tgδ-T谱图在很大程度上依赖于PU/PVC的原料配比及PVC的分子量。以TDI为PU相的二异氰酸酯所合成的IPN的互穿效果最明显,其tgδ-T谱图中,tgδ大于0.3的温域宽在100℃以上。是较理想的阻尼材料。结合前文研究结果,我们认为:在PU/PVC IPN中,PVC和PU中的氨酯基存在强极性相互作用,PU硬区结晶性强时,PVC T_g峰外移,否则内移。这种强相互作用对PVC有增硬效应。     

聚氨酯IPN阻尼材料研究进展

介绍了互穿聚合物网络(IPN)材料的阻尼机理及其表征方法,并重点综述了聚氨酯(PU)IPN材料的研究进展。     

辐射法制备PU／P（St—An）IPNs的微相分离及性能

首次采用Co~(60)-γ射线辐照法制备了聚氮酯/聚(苯乙烯-丙烯腈)互穿网络[PU/P(St-An)IPNs],并借助FTIR-PAS,SAXS及电子拉伸机等方法对材料的微相分离及力学性能进行了研究。研究表明,采用Co~(60)-γ辐照技术,可以有效地减小IPN体系的微相分离。丙烯腈含量增加,IPN体系的微相分离程度降低。当PU含量为40％时,IPN体系的微相分离程度最小,互穿程度最大。IPN材料的力学性能呈现出良好的协同效应。     

宽温域硅橡胶阻尼材料的研究进展

讲述了硅橡胶阻尼材料的阻尼作用机理和阻尼性能的影响因素,重点介绍了添加填料、共聚改性、共混改性、互穿网络技术(IPN)和发泡技术等对硅橡胶阻尼性能的影响及其国内外研究现状,展望了硅橡胶阻尼材料的应用前景.     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to