不同焊丝对6005A铝合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响

以6005A-T6铝合金作为研究对象,采用ER4043和ER4047焊丝进行MIG焊接,研究不同4xxx系焊丝对6005A-T6铝合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响。结果表明,ER4047焊丝焊接接头焊缝区组织较ER4043的细小,熔合区与热影响区组织无明显差别;ER4043与ER4047焊丝的焊接接头抗拉强度与延伸率差别不大,为205MPa和12%左右,接头断裂位置都在热影响区;ER4043与ER4047两种焊丝焊接接头硬度分布均沿焊缝中心对称分布,ER4047的焊缝区硬度要高于ER4043焊缝区的硬度,热影响区硬度差别不大。     

补焊次数对6060铝合金焊接接头性能的影响

通过拉伸、弯曲、硬度等试验及金相分析,对未补焊、一次补焊和二次补焊的6060铝合金MIG焊接接头处的性能进行系统的研究。试验结果表明,两种经过补焊的接头拉伸性能与未经过补焊的接头拉伸性能相比差值不大且均符合参考标准要求;断裂位置均为热影响区,弯曲性能均非常良好;随着补焊次数的增加,焊接接头的软化区域不断扩大。     

TC4钛合金MIG焊接头热处理后组织性能研究

对TC4钛合金MIG焊焊接接头进行焊后热处理,采用盲孔法、拉伸、冲击、金相、扫描等方法对接头进行试验与分析,研究不同热处理工艺对残余应力、组织和力学性能的影响.结果 表明:焊接接头经焊后热处理,横向残余应力和纵向残余应力平均值最大降为74.2 MPa和70.1 MPa;未热处理接头母材区为α+β片层组织,焊缝区为α针状马氏体组织,热影响区为α和α'混合组织.热处理后,随着热处理温度和时间的增加,焊缝组织中的针状α'马氏体粗化,晶粒尺寸增加;未热处理接头焊后拉伸断裂位置为母材处,接头强度高于母材.在650℃+2 h的热处理工艺下,接头延伸率较未热处理状态提高,断裂方式为韧性断裂,保温时间延长至3h,晶粒粗大、延伸率降低.接头室温冲击功焊后状态能够达到母材的95％,经焊后热处理后接头得到软化,室温冲击功相比焊后状态有所下降.     

6xxx系铝合金弧焊与高功率激光焊组织性能对比

该研究采用高功率激光填丝焊(LFW)、熔化极惰性气体保护焊(MIG)以及钨极氩弧焊(TIG)的方法,对6005A-T6挤压铝合金进行焊接。进行LFW焊后,焊接接头抗拉强度为211MPa,接头系数0.77,焊接接头硬度最低值为68.3HV1且位于热影响区。进行MIG焊后,焊接接头抗拉强度为190MPa,接头系数0.70,焊接接头硬度最低值为50.7HV1且位于热影响区。进行TIG焊后,焊接接头抗拉强度为181MPa,接头系数0.66,焊接接头硬度最低值为50.4HV1且位于热影响区。     

控轧,控冷16MnR钢板及焊接接头的断裂韧性研究

测定了控轧,控冷16MnR钢板在20～40℃下的断裂韧度J_(IC),动态断裂韧度J_(Id),止裂韧度K_(Ia)及NDT;研究了用不同焊条焊接接头的断裂韧度,热模拟后的冲击韧性及容器爆破后的断口及组织稳定性。结果表明,钢板及焊接接头在等强下都优于常规正火16MnR钢板的韧性,容器爆破塑变充份,起裂处呈塑性断口,组织稳定。     

新能源汽车用铝合金焊接结构高温服役性能分析

采用熔化极惰性气体保护焊(MIG)、搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)两种常用的焊接制造方法,对现阶段新能源汽车使用频率较高的5052-H32、6082-T6、6005A-T6、6061-T6铝合金板材进行焊接,并对焊接接头进行高温力学性能测试及断口SEM检测。结果表明,无论MIG焊还是搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头,随着温度的升高,力学性能均呈现下降趋势,不可热处理强化型5xxx系铝合金与热处理强化型系铝合金MIG焊后断后伸长率变化相反。     

填充金属及电流对0Cr18Ni9/Q235异种焊接接头组织及性能的影响

采用TIG焊接工艺,分别选用直径为2.0 mm的ER309、Ni317焊丝及90～120 A电流,对0Cr18Ni9奥氏体不锈钢和Q235碳钢进行双面焊,研究了焊接接头的金相组织、拉伸性能和显微硬度。结果表明:同种焊丝,在90～120 A焊接电流条件下,随着电流增大,抗拉强度增大,拉伸断口均出现韧窝,为韧性断裂;采用ER309焊丝的接头拉伸性能要优于Ni317焊丝接头;两种焊丝焊接,电流值都为110 A时接头硬度最佳。     

填充金属对5083铝合金焊接性能的影响

采用手工MIG焊接方法,ER5087焊丝与ER5356焊丝分别对3mm5083铝合金板材进行焊接,对焊接接头的表面成形、显微组织及力学性能进行检测,研究结果表明:采用ER5087焊丝的力学性能优于ER5356焊丝;两种焊丝的焊接接头抗拉强度分别达到母材94%和84%.     

低碳贝氏体高强钢焊接工艺及冲击韧性研究

对Q690E低碳贝氏体高强钢进行80％ CO2+20％ Ar混合气体保护焊接试验,并检测母材、焊接接头金相组织和力学性能,通过SEM手段观察母材和焊接接头冲击试样断口形貌.结果 表明:Q690E钢母材冲击断口形貌表现为韧性断裂,焊接后热影响区(HAZ)冲击断口形貌表现为解理断裂;经过微观组织分析,HAZ冲击韧性下降,主要原因是HAZ区贝氏体组织中出现大量的M-A组元.HS-70焊丝低强匹配及熔合区贝氏体片层粗化导致焊接接头强度明显低于母材.     

焊后热处理对6082-T6铝合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响

对6082-T6铝合金焊接接头进行固溶+时效和时效两种热处理,研究不同热处理制度对其组织和性能的影响.实验结果表明:未处理的6082-T6焊接接头抗拉强度为225?MPa,断裂位置位于热影响区,接头硬度最低值均在热影响区;经时效处理后的6082-T6焊接接头处强化相分布更加均匀,焊缝区组织无明显变化,熔合区和热影响区组...     

Effect of Welding Processes on Tensile and Impact Properties, Hardness and Microstructure of AISI 409M Ferritic Stainless Joints Fabricated by Duplex Stainless Steel Filler Metal

The effect of welding processes such as shielded metal arc welding, gas metal arc welding and gas tungsten arc welding on tensile and impact properties of the ferritic stainless steel conforming to AISI 409M grade is studied. Rolled plates of 4 mm thickness were used as the base material for preparing single pass butt welded joints. Tensile and impact properties, microhardness, microstructure and fracture surface morphology of the welded joints have been evaluated and the results are compared. From this investigatio.n, it is found that gas tungsten arc welded joints of ferritic stainless steel have superior tensile and impact properties compared with shielded metal are and gas metal arc welded joints and this is mainly due to the presence of finer grains in fusion zone and heat affected zone.     

Effect of welding processes on tensile, impact, hardness and microstructure of AISI 409M ferritic stainless joints fabricated using duplex stainless steel filler metal

 The present investigation is aimed at to study the effect of welding processes such as shielded metal arc welding, gas metal arc welding and gas tungsten arc welding on tensile and impact properties of the ferritic stainless steel conforming to AISI 409M grade. Rolled plates of 4 mm thickness were used as the base material for preparing single pass butt welded joints. Tensile and impact properties, micro hardness, microstructure and fracture surface morphology of the welded joints have been evaluated and the results are compared. From this investigation, it is found that gas tungsten arc welded joints of ferritic stainless steel showed superior tensile and impact properties compared with shielded metal arc and gas metal arc welded joints and this is mainly due to the presence of finer grains in fusion zone and heat affected zone.     

热输入对DP600激光焊组织和力学性能的影响

摘要：为了研究DP600钢的焊接性能,采用5种不同的激光焊接工艺进行焊接试验。结果表明,焊接接头表面成形质量良好,随着热输入的增加,上下熔宽逐渐增大;熔融区均为板条状马氏体组织,当热输入高于33J/mm时热影响区组织为马氏体、铁素体和少量的回火马氏体;当热输入低于33J/mm时,热影响区组织为马氏体和铁素体。在低热输入条件下,回火时间很短,马氏体未发生分解;在高的热输入条件下,回火时间较长,马氏体分解显著,热影响区中出现M3C型碳化物,碳化物形貌以球状和片状为主。从熔融区到母材,显微硬度值逐渐降低;焊接接头静态拉伸失效位置均在母材,拉伸断口为韧性断口,DP600钢激光焊接接头不存在软化现象。     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of TWIP Steel Joints

As a new type of high manganese steel, the twinning induced plasticity （TWIP） steels have attracted a growing interest in the automotive industry due to their good performance. Thin plates of TWIP steel were welded by laser beam welding （LBW） and gas tungsten arc welding （GTAW）. The microstructure result shows that GTAW joint has obvious heat-affected zone （HAZ）, while the HAZ of LBW joint is almost invisible. The X-ray diffraction result shows that the phase compositions of both joints are austenitic and no phase transition occurs. Energy disper- sive spectrometry result shows that there is violent evaporation of Mn element in LBW joint, while the proportion of Mn element in GTAW joint is almost unchanged. Tensile tests and micro-hardness measurements were performed to take into account the mechanical properties of joints manufactured by the two different processes. The micro-hard- ness profiles of both joints present a typical saddle distribution, and the hardness of GTAW seam is lower than that of LBW seam. The failure positions of LBW joints are all located in base metal while the GTAW joints are all at the weld toe due to the softening of HAZ. By means of scanning electron microscopy, a typical ductile fracture is observed in LBW joint, while a brittle fracture with quasi-cleavage fracture characteristic is observed in GTAW joint.     

Si-Mn系超高强度热成形淬火钢板的点焊性能

 采用不同的点焊工艺参数对研发的1700MPa级Si-Mn系热成形淬火钢板与低碳钢板DC04进行异种材料之间点焊,并对焊接接头的拉伸性能、显微硬度分布及微观组织特征等进行了分析。结果表明,焊接电流对点焊接头熔核直径和抗剪强度具有显著的影响,而焊接时间的影响相对较小。超高强度钢板侧的热影响区存在两个明显的软化区和硬化区,即在靠近母材处存在一个硬度明显低于母材的软化区,其组织为回火马氏体;在靠近熔核处存在一个硬度明显高于母材的硬化区,其组织为细小的马氏体。点焊接头熔核部位为柱状粗大马氏体组织,其硬度明显低于超高强度钢板母材且远高于低碳钢板母材。低碳钢板热影响区低的硬度和明显粗化的铁素体组织,使得点焊接头单向拉伸时均从低碳钢板的热影响区一侧破断。     

Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of API X90 Pipeline Steel Welded Joints

In this work, X90 pipeline steel was welded by shielded metal arc welding with root and submerged arc welding with calk and cap. After that, the joint was tempered at 550 °C and 600 °C. Subsequently, the microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Vickers hardness tester. The fracture surface of welded joint was analyzed by SEM. The experiments show that: After high-temperature tempering treatment, the Widmanstatten structure disappears in coarse-grained region. The number of lath martensite in the original structure of the welded joint decreases, and the quantity of granular bainite increases. The acicular ferrite disappears gradually and the polygonal ferrite grains increase, and the M/A island components decompose into fine grains with the increase in tempering temperature. The mechanical properties of the joints also change and the hardness rises because of the disappearance of Widmanstatten structure improves after heat treatment, and yield strength and tensile strength of the specimens have the lowest values after tempering at 550 °C. After tempering at 600 °C, the hardness decreases and strength–ductility reaches 11,571 MPa%. The tensile fracture of 600 °C sample presents delamination and ductile fracture. Through comparative analysis, it can be concluded that the plasticity and toughness of multilayer welded joints after tempering at 600 °C is improved, and they have better comprehensive mechanical properties.

     

不同5xxx系焊丝对5182-H111组织和性能的影响

使用3种焊丝ER 5183、ER 5356、ER 5554对6mm 5182-H111铝合金板材进行半自动MIG焊对接试验,通过对焊接接头进行力学性能试验、显微硬度测试及金相组织的观察,探究3种焊丝对5182-H111铝合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,使用3种焊丝所焊接头中,ER 5183及ER 5356接头抗拉强度均大于ISO 15614-22005要求的焊缝接头系数(1.0),而ER 5554接头焊缝系数仅为0.949;3种焊丝所焊接头硬度均在焊缝区及热影响区有所降低,其中ER 5356所焊接头焊缝强度较其他两种焊丝焊缝区硬度高,为85.5HV;3种焊丝所焊接头组织形貌相近,均存在β(Mg2Al3)强化相,但由于ER 5183与ER 5356焊丝中含有更多的Mg,因此生成了更多的β(Mg2Al3)相,使得焊缝组织更加致密。     

Fracture behaviours of fracture toughness testing specimens with metallurgical heterogeneity along crack front

Safe use of welded structures is dependent on fracture mechanics properties of welded joints. In present research, high strength low alloyed HSLA steel in a quenched and tempered condition, corresponding to the grade HT 80, was used. The fluxo cored arc welding process (FCAW), with CO₂ as shielding gas, was used and two different tubular wires were selected. The aim of this paper is to analyse fracture behaviour of undermatched welded joints, and also to determine relevant parameters which contribute to higher critical values of fracture toughness. Towards this end three differently undermatched welded joints were analysed using results of testing the composite notched specimens with through thickness crack front positioned partly in the weld metal, partly in heat affected zone (HAZ) and partly in base material (BM).The presence of different microstructures along the pre‐crack fatigue front has an important effect on the critical crack tip opening displacement (CTOD). This value is the relevant parameter for safe service of welded structure. In the case of specimens with through thickness notch partly in the weld metal, partly in the heat affected zone and partly in the base material, i.e. using the composite notched specimen, fracture behaviour strongly depends on a partition of ductile base material, size and distribution of mismatching factor along vicinity of crack front. If local brittle zones occur in the process zone, ductile base metal can not prevent pop‐in instability, but it can reduce it to an insignificant level while the fracture toughness parameter is higher and the weakest link concept can not be applied.     

Properties of Laser Welded SAF 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel Sheet

High rate welding methods for sheet material can offer significant cost reduction for mass production application in comparison with more conventional arc processes. Therefore, in this research, laser welds in SAF 2205 duplex stainless steel (DSS) sheets welded using different welding speeds were investigated. Metallography, texture measurements and mechanical testing were carried out on the weld joints. The corrosion properties were not evaluated. The base material was characterised by a bamboo‐like morphology and a ferrite volume fraction of 53 %. For all welding speeds, the ferrite level in the weld zone was higher than 85 % and the austenite showed an acicular morphology. Whereas in the base material a clear element partitioning existed between ferrite and austenite, no partitioning was observed in the welded zone. This is due to the very high cooling rates, which limit the amount of diffusion that can take place. Electron backscattering diffraction revealed that the texture of the cold rolled material was destroyed by the welding process. While the hardness of the base material was about 265 HV, the maximal hardness in the fusion zone exceeded 310 HV and increased with an increase of the welding speed. Yield and tensile stength were however not dramatically influenced. On the other hand, the formability properties were deteriorated by an increase of the welding speed. This behaviour can also be observed on the fracture surfaces of tensile specimens. The tensile tests on the welded sheet resulted in ductile fracture surfaces, but an easier void formation was observed in the laser welds. However, it has to be pointed out that formability of the laser welded DSS sheets is acceptable when a lower welding speed is used. This is also confirmed by the crack propagation observed during the Erichsen test. Therefore, the laser welding can be used as a joining operation for DSS sheet materials providing the corrosion requirements are fulfilled.     

Microstructural and Mechanical Studies of T91/T22 Welded Joints

Comparative studies have been performed to decide an appropriate combination of welding process and filler material by virtue of microstructural evolution, micro-hardness studies, tensile strength and fractographic analysis. Manual arc welding and tungsten inert gas welding processes are used along with different filler materials to manufacture T91/T22 welded joints. Studies with the purpose of comparison and evaluation of different zones of the weldments have been carried out. The highest value of micro-hardness observed on the T91 HAZ of the weldments may be attributed to martensitic structure of the region. The fracture morphology of both the weldments obtained from T22 BM has revealed the ductile fracture. Comparatively higher tensile strength (578 MPa) of T91/T22, GTAW combination is noticed by virtue of lower heat input. The better performance of T91/T22, GTAW weldment can be quoted on the basis of better joint integrity, tensile strength and ductility (26.4%).