二次冷轧压下率对无取向电工钢薄带磁性能和织构的影响

研究了二次冷轧压下率对无取向硅钢薄带磁性能和织构的影响,结果表明:采用二次冷轧工艺时,55%左右的二次冷轧压下率能够获得磁性能优良的0.2 mm厚无取向硅钢薄带.当二次冷轧压下率高于55%后,成品钢带中对磁性能不利的r织构组分比例逐渐增强,特别是{111}<112>、{111)<110>织构.采用55%左右的二次冷轧压下率制造能获得{100}面织构和高斯织构比例都较高的产品,其铁损P1.0/400能够降低到10.6 W/kg,同时磁感B50能达到1.68T.     

热轧工艺对免常化50W400钢组织及磁性能的影响

高牌号无取向硅钢采用一次冷轧制造工艺时，热轧板必须常化，主要目的是使热轧板组织更加均匀、再结晶晶粒增多，同时使晶粒和析出物粗化，强化有利织构，提高磁性能。但为进一步降低高牌号无取向硅钢制造成本，通过优化热变形工艺，促进动态再结晶，使实现免常化“一次冷轧”生产低成本高牌号硅钢成为一种可能。针对免常化2.5%(Si+Al)(质量分数)的50W400钢开展了3种不同热轧工艺调整试验，并对试验后热轧板组织和最终成品组织、织构、磁性能进行了系统研究。结果表明，通过提高加热温度可促进热轧动态再结晶，但总体对成品磁性能有害；在不提高加热温度的前提下，通过将粗轧5道次变为3道次，提高粗轧终轧温度，加大各道次压下量，可促进热轧动态再结晶，使热轧板再结晶晶粒明显增多且粗化，强化了成品中有利的{110}〈001〉织构，磁性能得到了明显提升。研究结果对高牌号无取向硅钢产品免常化低成本生产具有一定的指导意义。     

二次冷轧的中间退火温度对2.3Si无取向硅钢组织和性能的影响

试验2.3Si无取向硅钢(/%:0.003C,2.30Si,0.16Mn,≤0.020P,≤0.005S,0.54Al)冷轧板由常化和未常化的2.5 mm热轧板冷轧至0.6 mm(压下率76%),经750~950℃ 2.5 min中间退火后再冷轧至0.5 mm(压下率16.7%),成品板经890℃+960℃ 2.5 min退火。研究了中间退火温度对该钢晶粒尺寸、织构和磁性能的影响。结果表明,随中间退火温度的升高,二次冷轧前晶粒和成品晶粒增大,成品中不利织构组分{111}和{112}减弱,磁性能得到改善。热轧板经过常化时的磁性能明显好于未经常化时的磁性能,但中间退火温度较高时常化对磁性能的有利作用减弱。     

无取向硅钢薄带的开发

以取向硅钢板为原料,采用异步轧制和织构控制技术在含硫化物气体的热处理条件下生产具有(100)织构的无取向硅钢薄带.研究了硅钢薄带厚度、退火温度对磁性能的影响,以及硫化物气氛对硅钢薄带再结晶织构的影响.结果表明,硅钢薄带磁性能对于厚度存在一个最佳值;在相同轧制条件下,退火温度为1 000 ℃,保温1 h的硅钢薄带磁性能较好;退火气氛中含硫化物有利于形成(100)面织构,从而制取高性能的无取向硅钢薄带.     

常化处理对1.1 %Si无取向硅钢组织和性能的影响

针对Si的质量分数为 1.1 % 无取向硅钢试验材料,通过980 ℃×140 s常化和未常化处理,采用XRD、EBSD和磁性能测量技术对比分析了常化和未常化对 1.1 %Si 无取向硅钢常化、退火态组织、织构与成品磁性能的影响。结果表明：980 ℃×140 s常化处理使热轧组织增大约23 μm,最终成品晶粒尺寸增大约12 μm,均匀性提高;常化后的组织的{100}织构增强约 3.0 % ,{111}取向织构减弱约 2.6 % ,成品{100}织构增强约 0.43 % ,{111}取向织构减弱约 6.5 % ;硅钢磁感 B50 值提高 0.021 T ,铁损 P1.5/50 值降低 0.34  W/kg。     

常化处理对1.1%Si无取向硅钢组织和性能的影响

针对Si的质量分数为1.1%无取向硅钢试验材料,通过980℃×140s常化和未常化处理,采用XRD、EBSD和磁性能测量技术对比分析了常化和未常化对1.1%Si无取向硅钢常化、退火态组织、织构与成品磁性能的影响。结果表明:980℃×140s常化处理使热轧组织增大约23μm,最终成品晶粒尺寸增大约12μm,均匀性提高;常化后的组织的{100}织构增强约3.0%,{111}取向织构减弱约2.6%,成品{100}织构增强约0.43%,{111}取向织构减弱约6.5%;硅钢磁感B50值提高0.021T,铁损P_(1.5/50)值降低0.34W/kg。     

0.20 mm薄规格取向硅钢的开发及关键工艺探讨

为开发磁性能优良的0.20 mm薄规格取向硅钢,对该取向硅钢的组织特征,不同冷轧压下率和高温退火气氛对磁性能的影响进行了研究。结果表明：所获得的0.20 mm薄规格取向硅钢成品组织二次再结晶完全,铁损（P1.7/50）为0.89 W/kg,磁感（J800）为1.906 T;热轧和常化1/8层的主要织构组分为Goss织构,冷轧织构为较强的{001}〈110〉,退火织构主要为{411}〈148〉,脱碳晶粒尺寸约为21.17 μm,Goss晶粒极少;0.20 mm薄规格取向硅钢合适的冷轧压下率为91.3 %;高温退火升温段合适的气氛为75% N2。     

常化工艺对双取向硅钢磁性能和织构的影响

研究立方织构双取向硅钢在生产过程中常化次序与常化次数对磁性能的影响,并对不同常化方式的试样进行织构分析和第二相(有利夹杂)分析;得出采用二次常化工艺不但对成品中(100)[001]织构的形成十分有利,而且可以使第二相数量变多,尺寸变得细小弥散的结论。这种变化有利于双取向硅钢的二次再结晶,从而使磁性能大幅度提高。     

Cr对含Nb高强无取向硅钢组织、织构及性能的影响

 高强无取向硅钢主要应用于高速电机,要求其具备高强度和优异磁性能,但目前无取向硅钢的磁性能和强度难以兼顾。因此,设计并制备了添加微量Cr的含Nb高强无取向硅钢,通过光学显微镜、EBSD、万能拉伸试验机、四探针测试仪和磁性能测量仪等研究了Cr对含Nb高强无取向硅钢微观组织、织构、力学性能及磁性能的影响。结果表明,添加质量分数为0.5%的Cr抑制了热轧组织的回复,使常化和退火组织再结晶减弱,常化和退火后有利织构面积分数增加,不利织构面积分数减小。添加质量分数为0.5%的Cr使含Nb无取向硅钢的屈服强度显著增大,磁感略升高,但对铁损几乎没有影响。Cr对屈服强度的影响一方面是由于Cr的固溶强化作用,另一方面Cr促进了Nb的析出而使Nb的析出强化效果增强;而Cr提高含Nb高强无取向硅钢的磁感主要是由于促进有利织构形成的同时抑制了不利织构的形成,使得织构因子增大;添加Cr使无取向硅钢的电阻率增加从而使铁损降低,同时Cr促进了Nb的析出,而这种富Nb析出相不仅抑制晶粒长大且会阻碍磁畴移动而使铁损增高,在两方面因素的综合作用下,添加质量分数为0.5%的Cr对含Nb高强无取向硅钢的铁损几乎没有影响。因此,含Nb高强无取向硅钢中添加微量Cr,会由于Cr的固溶作用以及其促进Nb的析出而提高钢的强度并提高钢的综合磁性能。     

热轧工艺对无取向硅钢组织结构和磁性能的影响

研究了热轧加热温度、终轧温度、卷取温度对w(Si)=1.50%无取向硅钢晶粒组织、织构演变、铁损和磁感的影响.结果表明,随着铸坯加热温度的提高,冷轧无取向硅钢成品晶粒尺寸减小,有利织构组分增加,铁损增加,磁感提高.提高终轧温度可以促进热轧板的再结晶,增加成品中有利织构组分,降低铁损,提高磁感.卷取温度对成品的晶粒大小没有显著的影响,但提高卷取温度能增加成品中有利织构组分,降低铁损,提高磁感.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。