环境温度、电离辐射剂量率对NMOSFET器件特性参数的影响

研究了辐射环境温度、辐射剂量率、退火温度和退火偏置对CC4007NMOS器件阈值电压的影响.研究发现,低温(-30℃)辐照感生的氧化物陷阱电荷比室温(25℃)多,界面态电荷比室温要少;受不同γ剂量率辐射时,阈值电压的漂移程度不一样,在总剂量相同情况下,辐射剂量率高时,阈值电压的漂移量也大;辐照后,NMOS器件100℃退火速度要大于25℃退火速度,+5V栅偏压退火情况要大于浮空偏置情况.并对以上现象进行了分析和解释.     

环境温度、电离辐射剂量率对NMOSFET器件特性参数的影响

研究了辐射环境温度、辐射剂量率、退火温度和退火偏置对 CC40 0 7NMOS器件阈值电压的影响 .研究发现 ,低温 (- 30℃ )辐照感生的氧化物陷阱电荷比室温 (2 5℃ )多 ,界面态电荷比室温要少 ;受不同 γ剂量率辐射时 ,阈值电压的漂移程度不一样 ,在总剂量相同情况下 ,辐射剂量率高时 ,阈值电压的漂移量也大 ;辐照后 ,NMOS器件 10 0℃退火速度要大于 2 5℃退火速度 ,+5 V栅偏压退火情况要大于浮空偏置情况 .并对以上现象进行了分析和解释     

电子、质子、X和Y射线辐照过程中和辐照后加固MOS器件的损伤恢复

本文报导了电子、质子、X和Y射线辐照期间和辐照后加固MOS器件的恢复特怀。结果表明,复杂的恢复特性受被试元件的损伤灵敏度控制。结果还表明,损伤灵敏度取决于剂量率、总剂量、电源偏置、栅极偏置、晶体管类型、辐射源和粒子能量。如果没有相应的地面的试验和分析结果,这些依赖关系的复杂性质来解释在空间(暴露在电子和质子的整个光谱中)的LIS器件即或不是不可能的。性能也是十分困难的。某些情况下,n沟器件的阈值电压漂移可以在辐照后几小时之内完全恢复,这时具有的阈值电压平衡值大于辐照前的值。这个效应取决于总剂量,辐射源和暴露过程中的栅偏置电压。相比之下,p沟器件的阈值电压漂移在受辐射后30天内只能恢复20％。     

SOI器件X射线与60Co γ射线总剂量效应比较

为进行10 keV X射线和60Co γ射线总剂量辐射效应的比较,采用这两种辐射源对SOI (Silicon-on-Insulator) n-MOSFET在不同偏置条件下进行总剂量辐照试验,分析了SOI NMOS器件在两种辐射源下辐照前后的阈值电压的漂移值并进行比较.实验结果表明,SOI NMOS器件的前栅特性中X射线与60Co γ射线辐照感生阈值电压漂移值的比值α随总剂量增加而增大,而背栅特性中α值在不同偏置条件下变化趋势是不同的;在总剂量为1×106 rad(Si)时,前栅器件α值为0.6～0.75,背栅器件α值为0.76～1.0.     

SOI器件的增强短沟道效应模型

为了探索SOI器件总剂量辐照后阈值电压漂移量和沟道长度的关系,利用器件模拟软件ISE TCAD,对不同沟道长度的PDSOI NMOS管进行了总剂量辐照模拟.模拟结果表明,随着沟道长度的减小,背沟道MOS管阈值电压漂移越来越大,并且漂移量和辐照偏置密切相关,称此效应为SOI器件的增强短沟道效应.以短沟道效应理论为基础对此效应的机理进行了解释,并以短沟道效应模型为基础对此效应提出了一个简洁的阈值电压漂移模型,通过对ISE模拟结果进行曲线拟合对所提出的模型进行了验证.     

MOS器件辐照引入的界面态陷阱性质

通过分析总剂量辐照产生的界面陷阱的施主和受主性质 ,用半导体器件模拟软件 Medici模拟了NMOS、PMOS器件加电下辐照后的特性。结果表明 ,对于 NMOSFET,费米能级临近导带 (N沟晶体管反型 )时 ,受主型界面态为负电荷 ,施主型界面态陷阱为中性 ,使界面态陷阱将引起的阈值电压漂移 ;而对 PMOSFET,当费米能级临近价带 (P沟晶体管反型 )时 ,施主型界面态陷阱带正电荷 ,受主型界面态陷阱为中性 ,界面态陷阱将引起负的阈值电压漂移。理论模拟的转移特性与测试结果吻合。文中从器件工艺参数出发 ,初步建立了总剂量电离辐照模型 ,该模型对于评估器件总剂量加固水平提供了一种理论方法     

DSOI总剂量效应模型及背偏调控模型

总剂量辐射效应会导致绝缘体上硅金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(DSOI MOSFET)器件的阈值电压漂移、泄漏电流增大等退化特性。由于背栅端口的存在,SOI器件存在新的总剂量效应加固途径,对于全耗尽SOI器件,利用正背栅耦合效应,可通过施加背栅偏置电压补偿辐照导致的器件参数退化。本文研究了总剂量辐照对双埋氧层绝缘体上硅金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(DSOI MOSFET)总剂量损伤规律及背栅偏置调控规律,分析了辐射导致晶体管电参数退化机理,建立了DSOI晶体管总剂量效应模拟电路仿真器(SPICE)模型。模型仿真晶体管阈值电压与实测结果≤6 mV,同时根据总剂量效应模型给出了相应的背栅偏置补偿模型,通过晶体管背偏调控总剂量效应SPICE模型仿真输出的补偿电压与试验测试结果对比,N型金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(NMOSFET)的背偏调控模型误差为9.65%,P型金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(PMOSFET)为5.24%,该模型可以准确反映DSOI器件辐照前后阈值特性变化,为器件的背栅加固提供参考依据。     

SOI MOSFET器件X射线总剂量效应研究

研究了以10keV X射线为辐照源对注氧隔离(SIMOX)SOI MOSFET器件进行辐照的总剂量效应.采用ARACOR 10keV X射线对埋氧层加固样品与未加固的对比样品在开态和传输门态两种辐照偏置下进行辐照,分析了器件的特性曲线,并计算了SOI MOS器件前栅与寄生背栅晶体管辐照前后的阈值电压的漂移.实验结果表明,加固样品的抗辐射性能优越,且不同的辐照偏置对SOI MOSFET器件的辐照效应产生不同的影响.     

不同偏置条件下PMOSFETs的剂量率效应研究

研究了不同剂量率、不同偏置条件下,PMOSFETs的辐照响应特性;并对高剂量率辐照后的器件进行了与低剂量率辐照等时的室温退火。结果表明,随着剂量率的降低,PMOSFETs阈值电压的漂移更加明显;不同偏置条件、不同剂量率范围内表现出TDE和ELDRS两种不同的剂量率效应。利用亚阈分离技术对影响阈值电压漂移的氧化物陷阱电荷和界面态进行了详细的机理分析,认为ELDRS效应的产生是由界面态密度的差异导致的。     

抗总剂量辐射0.8μm SOI CMOS器件与专用集成电路

介绍了采用全剂量SIMOX SOI材料制备的0.8μm SOI CMOS器件的抗总剂量辐射特性,该特性用器件的阈值电压、漏电流和专用集成电路的静态电流与高达500krad(Si)的总剂量的关系来表征.实验结果表明pMOS器件在关态下1Mrad(Si)辐射后最大阈值电压漂移小于320mV,nMOS器件在开态下1Mrad(Si)辐射后最大阈值电压漂移小于120mV,器件在总剂量1Mrad(Si)辐射后没有观察到明显漏电,在总剂量500krad(Si)辐射下专用集成电路的静态电流小于5μA.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.