锂掺杂对K0.5Na0.5NbO3无铅压电陶瓷电性能的影响

采用固相法制备了Li掺杂K0.5Na0.5NbO3无铅压电陶瓷,即K0.5Na0.5NbO3+x/2%Li2CO3(KNN-xL)。研究了不同Li摩尔分数(x分别为0,0.25,0.50,0.75,1.00,1.50)样品的物相组成、显微结构及电性能。结果表明,室温下所有样品都具有正交相的钙钛矿结构。随着Li摩尔分数的增加,样品的压电常数d33、平面机电耦合系数kp、机械品质因数Qm及密度ρ都先升高后降低,介电损耗tanδ普遍比未掺杂的低,当x=0.5时综合性能达到最优,即d33=122pC/N,kp=41%,Qm=115,εr=548,tanδ=0.022,ρ=4.32g/cm3。另外正交到四方相变温度逐渐降低,居里温度逐渐升高。     

(1-x)Na0.5K0.5NbO3-xBiNiO3无铅压电陶瓷的制备与性能

利用传统固相合成法制备了(1-x)Na0.5K0.5NbO3-xBiNiO3 ( (1-x)NKN- xBN) 无铅压电陶瓷.采用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段对其显微结构与性能进行研究.结果表明,该体系所研究组分范围内均能形成典型的ABO3型钙钛矿结构,在x=0.006～0.008间存在准同型相界(MPB).体系主要压电性能在x＝0.008左右获得优化,其压电常数d33和机电耦合系数kp 均达到极大值(分别为135 pC/N和44%), 机械品质因数Qm为122,正交-四方转变温度TO-T和居里温度TC分别为155 ℃和385 ℃.     

Microstructure and Electrical Properties of K0.5Na0.5NbO3-LiSbO3-BiFeO3-x %molZnO Lead-Free Piezoelectric Ceramics

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics {0.996[(0.95(K_0.5Na_0.5)NbO₃-0.05LiSbO₃]-0.004BiFeO₃}-xmol%ZnO were prepared through a conventional ceramics sintering technique. The effect of ZnO content on structure, microstructure, and piezoelectric properties of KNN-LS-BF ceramics was investigated. The results reveal that ZnO as a sintering aid is very effective in promoting sinterability and electrical properties of the ceramics sintered at a low temperature of 1,020 °C. The ceramics show a single-perovskite structure with predominant tetragonal phase, and coexistence of orthorhombic and tetragonal phases is observed for x = 2.5–3.0. The addition of ZnO causes abnormal grain growth. A dense microstructure is also obtained at x = 2.0 because the relative density reaches up to 94.6 %. The morphotropic phase boundary and dense microstructure lead to significant enhancement of the piezoelectric properties. The ceramic with x = 1.5 exhibits optimum electrical properties as follows: d ₃₃ = 280 pC/N, k _p = 46 %, Q _m = 40.8, P _r = 25 μC/cm², E _c = 1.2 kV/mm, and T _c = 340 °C.     

Effect of the Addition of B2O3 on the Density, Microstructure, Dielectric, Piezoelectric and Ferroelectric Properties of K0.5Na0.5NbO3 Ceramics

Boron oxide (B₂O₃) addition to pre-reacted K_0.5Na_0.5NbO₃ (KNN) powders facilitated swift densification at relatively low sintering temperatures which was believed to be a key to minimize potassium and sodium loss. The base KNN powder was synthesized via solid-state reaction route. The different amounts (0.1–1 wt%) of B₂O₃ were-added, and ceramics were sintered at different temperatures and durations to optimize the amount of B₂O₃ needed to obtain KNN pellets with highest possible density and grain size. The 0.1 wt% B₂O₃-added KNN ceramics sintered at 1,100 °C for 1 h exhibited higher density (97 %). Scanning electron microscopy studies confirmed an increase in average grain size with increasing B₂O₃ content at appropriate temperature of sintering and duration. The B₂O₃-added KNN ceramics exhibited improved dielectric and piezoelectric properties at room temperature. For instance, 0.1 wt% B₂O₃-added KNN ceramic exhibited d ₃₃ value of 116 pC/N which is much higher than that of pure KNN ceramics. Interestingly, all the B₂O₃-added (0.1–1 wt%) KNN ceramics exhibited polarization–electric field (P vs. E) hysteresis loops at room temperature. The remnant polarization (P _r) and coercive field (E _c) values are dependent on the B₂O₃ content and crystallite size.     

0.95K0.47Na0.47Li0.06NbO3-0.05Ba0.95Sr0.05TiO3陶瓷的微结构与压电性能

采用传统陶瓷制备技术制备了0.95K0.47Na0.47Li0.06NbO3-0.05Ba0.95Sr0.05TiO3无铅压电陶瓷,研究了烧结温度和掺杂剂对其微结构及压电铁电性能的影响,对可能的机理进行了探讨.扫描电镜(SEM)分析表明,适当的烧结温度有利于陶瓷压电铁电性能的提高.实验结果表明,MnO2掺杂使陶瓷的压电铁电性能得到较大的提高,其中压电常数d33=135 pC/N,机电耦合系数kp=42%,剩余极化强度Pr=69.1 μC/cm2.     

Bi0.5(Na1-xKx)0.5TiO3系陶瓷的压电性质与微观结构

利用传统陶瓷工艺制备了Bi0.5(Na1-xKx)0.5TiO3系无铅压电陶瓷,研究了该陶瓷的压电性质与微结构。研究结果表明,Bi0.5(Na1-xKx)0.5TiO3陶瓷的压电常数d33=142.2 pC/N、机电耦合系数kp=0.315;随着K+含量的增加,陶瓷晶粒尺寸有细化的趋势;低K+含量时,陶瓷晶粒的“棱角”相当“钝化”,而高K+含量时,陶瓷晶粒的“棱角”明显而“尖锐”,K+促进了陶瓷晶粒在特定方向的生长;对Bi0.5(Na1-xKx)0.5TiO3陶瓷进行了A位离子改性研究,提出了新型的压电性质优良的BNT基无铅压电陶瓷体系。     

Bi1/2(Na1-xLix)1/2TiO3压电陶瓷的性能和微结构

利用传统陶瓷工艺制备了Bi1/2(Na1-xLix)1/2TiO3(简写BNLT100x,其中x为摩尔含量)系无铅压电陶瓷,研究了该陶瓷的微结构、压电和介电性能。X-射线衍射分析(XRD)结果表明,在x=0~0.20时,Bi1/2(Na1-xLix)1/2TiO3陶瓷为单相三方晶系钙钛矿结构;在x=0.30时,会有影响压电性能的第二相产生。扫描电镜(SEM)结果表明,Li含量越高,陶瓷的烧结温度越低,Li促进了晶粒特定方向的生长;在x=0.15时,压电系数d33达极大值109 pC/N;同时研究了极化工艺条件对材料压电性能的影响。     

B位取代钛酸铋钠基压电陶瓷的结构与性能

采用传统固相反应制备出了0.80Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.20K0.5Bi0.5TiO3(NKBT)基无铅压电陶瓷材料,研究了高化合价离子(Sb5+, Nb5+,W6+) B位掺杂对NKBT基无铅压电陶瓷结构与性能的影响.结果表明,掺杂等量Sb3+、Nb5+和W6+后,NKBT基陶瓷的主晶相仍然为钙钛矿相结构,其中掺杂Sb5+和Nb5+时,陶瓷中分别出现少量Sb6O13和Nb2O5相.掺杂离子的相对原子质量越大,陶瓷的压电常数d33越大.W6+为最优掺杂离子.不同W6+含量的NKBT陶瓷的主晶相均为钙钛矿相,当W6+摩尔分数为8%时,出现焦绿石相Bi14W2O27.W6+的固然极限为4%.随着W6+摩尔分数的增加,材料的介电常数εr、d33及居里温度TC减小,介电损耗tan δ增加.当W6+的摩尔分数为1%时,陶瓷的性能达到最佳,其d33、εr、tan δ、TC分别为123 pC/N,1 352、0.042 9,318 ℃.     

铌酸钾钠无铅压电陶瓷性能的研究

为制备具有良好压电特性的环境友好型无铅压电陶瓷,采用固相合成法合成了铌酸钾钠(KNN)无铅压电陶瓷粉体,以常压烧结法烧结了陶瓷,研究了不同粉体的烧结特性,并研究了陶瓷粉体的成分、烧结温度、极化电压对陶瓷压电性能的影响.利用XRD测定了陶瓷粉体的晶相组成,并用SEM观察了所烧结陶瓷的微观结构.XRD结果表明用固相法合成了KNN无铅压电粉体,实验表明钾的含量降低了陶瓷粉体的烧结性,钾钠含量约为1:1时具有较大的压电性,极化电压为2 000 V/mm有较好的极化效果.     

Ba2+取代对PSN-PZT瓷结构和压电性能的影响

研究了Ba2+A位取代对铌锑锆钛酸铅陶瓷结构及压电性能的影响,XRD分析结果表明:所有样品具有钙钛矿结构,同时Ba2+取代Pb2+使得晶胞体积增大,c/a轴比减小。当Ba2+取代量增大时,样品中三方相和四方相共存。随着Ba2+取代量的增大,陶瓷样品的密度降低,εr(2863)和d33(507pC·N–1)显著提高,居里点向室温移动。     

铌酸钠钾基无铅压电陶瓷的相结构与压电性能

采用传统固相反应合成法制备了结构致密的(1-x)Na0.5K0.5NbO3-xLiTaO3(KNNT)无铅压电陶瓷,研究了LiTaO3对Na0.5K0.5NbO3材料晶体结构和压电性能的影响。结果表明,随着LiTaO3含量的增加,材料的钙钛矿结构由斜方相向四方相转变,KNNT材料的准同型相界位于0.04 mol相似文献   

NBT-Ba(NbO3)2无铅压电陶瓷的压电介电性能

采用传统陶瓷制备方法,制备了一种新的(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3基无铅压电陶瓷(1-x)(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-xBa(NbO3)2(摩尔分数x=0~1.4%)。X-射线衍射分析表明,所研究的组成均能够形成纯钙钛矿(ABO3)型固溶体。SEM观察结果表明,掺入Ba(NbO3)2促进了长条状晶粒的析出。不同频率下陶瓷材料的介电常数-温度曲线显示该体系材料具有明显的弛豫铁电体特征,且随着Ba(NbO3)2的增加,其弛豫性特征愈明显。检测了不同组成陶瓷的压电性能,发现材料的压电常数d33和平面机电耦合系数kp随着x值的增加先增加后降低,在x=0.6%时,陶瓷的d33=94 pC/N,kp=0.171,为所研究组成中的最大值,介电损耗tanδ则随x值的增加而增加。     

BNKT-NN无铅压电陶瓷的制备及性能研究

采用固相反应方法制备(1-x)Bi0.5(Na0.82K0.18)0.5TiO3-xNaNbO3((1-x)BNKT-xNN)无铅压电陶瓷。该文研究了该体系陶瓷的组成变化对压电陶瓷的相组成、显微结构及电性能的影响。热分析确定出该体系陶瓷的合成温度为900℃。X线衍射(XRD)表明,900℃预烧温度下,合成粉体为典型的钙钛矿结构,且具有铁电正交相结构。扫描电镜(SEM)表明,在1 200℃烧结温度下,随着NaNbO3含量x越高,晶粒尺寸增加。x=0.02时,陶瓷的电性能最佳:相对介电常数εT33/ε0=1 400,介电损耗tanδ=0.05,压电常数d33=138pC/N,机电耦合系数kp=0.40。     

Bi0.5(Na1-x-yKxLiy)0.5TiO3压电陶瓷的制备、性能与微结构

采用传统陶瓷工艺制备了新型无铅压电陶瓷Bi0.5(Na1-x-yKxLiy)0.5TiO3,研究了制备工艺的稳定性、放大效应、预烧粉体的研磨方式、成型工艺以及烧结方式对陶瓷压电性能的影响。研究结果表明,Bi0.5(Na1-x-yKxLiy)0.5TiO3陶瓷的压电常数d33可达230 pC/N,其机电耦合系数kp可达0.40;采用传统陶瓷工艺能够制备单相钙钛矿结构的Bi0.5(Na1-x-yKxLiy)0.5TiO3陶瓷,制备工艺的稳定性好,放大效应小,预烧粉体的研磨方式对性能的影响小,干压成型的样品压电性能最佳,烧结方式对性能无明显影响。显然,Bi0.5(Na1-x-yKxLiy)0.5TiO3陶瓷具有压电性能优、工艺性好的特点,具有实用化价值。     

Piezoelectric and Dielectric Properties of Nonstoichiometric (Na0.5K0.5)0.97(Nb0.90Ta0.1)O3 Ceramics Doped with MnO2

MnO₂-added nonstoichiometric (K_0.5Na_0.5)_0.97(Nb_0.90Ta_0.1)O₃ lead-free piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by conventional sintering processes. X-ray diffraction data show that MnO₂ diffuses into the lattice of (K_0.5Na_0.5)_0.97 (Nb_0.90Ta_0.1)O₃ ceramics and forms a pure perovskite structure with orthorhombic symmetry. The microstructure of the samples showed that a certain amount of MnO₂ addition could improve the crystalline grain growth. The addition of a small amount of MnO₂ increased the mechanical quality factor (Q _m), piezoelectric constant (d ₃₃), and electromechanical coupling factor (k _p). At room temperature, (K_0.5Na_0.5)_0.97(Nb_0.90Ta_0.1)O₃ ceramics doped with 0.4?mol% MnO₂ showed piezoelectric properties suitable for low-loss piezoelectric actuator applications: k _p?=?0.43, Q _m?=?1212, d ₃₃?=?112?pC/N, and tan?δ?=?0.023.     

Temperature‐Insensitive (K,Na)NbO3‐Based Lead‐Free Piezoactuator Ceramics

The development of lead‐free piezoceramics has attracted great interest because of growing environmental concerns. A polymorphic phase transition (PPT) has been utilized in the past to tailor piezoelectric properties in lead‐free (K,Na)NbO₃ (KNN)‐based materials accepting the drawback of large temperature sensitivity. Here a material concept is reported, which yields an average piezoelectric coefficientd₃₃ of about 300 pC/N and a high level of unipolar strain up to 0.16% at room temperature. Most intriguingly, field‐induced strain varies less than 10% from room temperature to 175 °C. The temperature insensitivity of field‐induced strain is rationalized using an electrostrictive coupling to polarization amplitude while the temperature‐dependent piezoelectric coefficient is discussed using localized piezoresponse probed by piezoforce microscopy. This discovery opens a new development window for temperature‐insensitive piezoelectric actuators despite the presence of a polymorphic phase transition around room temperature.     

Dielectric Properties and Defect Chemistry of WO3-Doped K0.5Na0.5NbO3 Ceramics

The dielectric properties and conductivity behavior of WO₃-doped K_0.5Na_0.5 NbO₃ ceramics were investigated as a function of temperature (25°C to 600°C) and frequency (40 Hz to 10⁶ Hz). The dielectric loss and direct-current (DC) conductivity of the ceramics depend strongly on the tungsten content. A high-temperature dielectric relaxation near temperature of 500°C was observed and analyzed using the semiempirical complex Cole–Cole equation. The activation energy of the dielectric relaxation was estimated to be ～2 eV and increased with increasing WO₃. The frequency-dependent conductivity can be well described by the universal dielectric response law. The activation energy obtained from the DC conductivity changes from 0.93 eV to 1.49 eV. A possible mechanism for the high-temperature dielectric relaxation and conductivity is proposed based on the activation energy value and defect compensation.     

银掺杂Bi0.5(Na0.825K0.175)0.5TiO3陶瓷的结构与性能

采用传统固相法制备了无铅压电陶瓷Bi0.5(NA0.825K0.175)0.5TiO3+x%Ag2O(BNKTA-x,质量分数x=0,0.1,0.3,0.5,0.7,1.0,1.5),利用XRD、SEM等测试技术分析表征了该体系陶瓷的结构、压电与介电性能.XRD分析表明,在1 175℃/2 h烧结条件下,当Ag的质量分数低于1.0%时,陶瓷呈单一相的钙钛矿结构.所有陶瓷晶粒大多成四方晶形,晶界明显,表面致密度高,Ag的引入促进了陶瓷晶粒的生长.另外,加入Ag后,陶瓷样品气孔率降低,当Ag的质量分数在0.3%附近时陶瓷的致密性最好.BNKTA-x体系陶瓷具有较好的电学性能:压电常数d33=147 pC/N,机电耦合系数kp=0.31,介电常数εr=1 059,介电损耗tanδ=0.029,机械品质因数Qm=247.