复合酶水解巴非蛤肉工艺研究

以巴非蛤肉为原料,选择木瓜蛋白酶、菠萝蛋白酶和中性蛋白酶分步水解制备水解液.通过时水解条件的研究,确定木瓜蛋白酶最适酶解条件为:酶用量6000U/g原料、料水比1:8(w/v)、50℃、pH6.5下酶解4h,水解度为35.84%.分步酶解的工艺条件为:在料水比1:8(w/v)、pH6.5、温度50℃条件下,用木瓜蛋白酶先水解4h,菠萝蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶再依次水解4h,水解度达到48.35%.复合酶水解液的氨基酸分析结果表明,游离氨基酸含量丰富,约为866.4mg/100mL(色氨酸未计),其中必需氨基酸占32.6%,尤其是谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、甘氨酸等呈味氨基酸含量丰富.结果为巴非蛤肉复合水解液作为疗效营养剂或高级调味料提供了依据.     

波纹巴非蛤肉及菠萝汁营养口服液的研制

研究了用波纹巴非蛤肉水解液及菠萝汁制作营养口服液的工艺。利用菠萝汁中所含的粗蛋白酶对波纹巴非蛤肉进行水解,蛋白质水解率可达70%。水解液经脱腥后,再用蜂蜜、白砂糖进行调配,制成营养丰富、贝肉风味浓厚、具有一定保健功能的口服液。     

环文蛤肉复合酶的水解工艺初探

以环文蛤为原料,采用酶水解的方法制备环文蛤肉水解液。先选用中性蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和菠萝蛋白酶,分别对环文蛤肉进行单酶水解实验;并用复合酶解新技术对环文蛤肉进行水解研究。实验结果表明:3种酶复合水解的最佳工艺为:在料水比1:8(m/v)、pH7.0、50℃条件下,用中性蛋白酶6000U/g原料先水解4h,再依次使用碱性蛋白酶4000U/g、菠萝蛋白酶12500U/g连续水解4h后水解度达到43.27%。复合酶解液中游离氨基酸含量丰富,约为117.89μg/mL,其中必需氨基酸占51.39%。环文蛤肉经复合蛋白酶水解,适当调配可制作营养丰富、海鲜风味浓郁、具有一定保健功能的口服液。     

白鲢鱼头蛋白酶解工艺研究

以白鲢鱼下脚料中最为重要的鱼头为原料,以水解液中氨基氮含量为指标,比较了木瓜蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶、风味蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶5种酶的水解效果,从中选出最佳水解酶,在单因素实验基础上对其水解工艺进行正交实验优化,并对其水解产物中游离氨基酸组成进行分析。结果表明:胰蛋白酶对鱼头蛋白的水解效果最佳,最佳工艺条件为水解温度55℃,pH8.0,料水比1∶3(g/m L),加酶量80 U/g,在此条件下水解液中游离氨基氮含量为63.69 mg,水解液中游离氨基酸含量较高。     

卤虫卵氨基酸饮料的研制

本文以卤虫卵为原料,使用复合酶(木瓜蛋白酶:胰蛋白酶1:1)进行水解,得到复合氨基酸水解液,通过正交实验确定的最佳酶解条件是底物浓度7.5%,加酶量35000U/g底物,温度50℃,pH为7,水解时间7h。在此条件下,水解率达到45.18%。复合氨基酸水解液可以加工成营养丰富的氨基酸饮料。氨基酸饮料的最佳配方是水解液6%,白砂糖10%,柠檬酸0.25%,β-环糊精0.2%。饮料中含有17种氨基酸,其中必需氨基酸含量为300mg/100ml。     

复合酶水解乳鸽肉的研究

以乳鸽脯肉为原料,选择复合蛋白酶(Protamex)和复合风味酶(Flavourzyme)分步水解制备乳鸽肉水解液。通过对水解条件的研究确定Protamex酶最适酶解条件为:固液比为1∶2,反应温度为55℃,pH值7.5,酶用量0.2%,酶解时间5h;在此反应条件下,单一酶酶解液最高水解度为25%左右;分步酶解的工艺条件是:Protamex酶反应进行2h后,加入0.5%Flavourzyme酶,50℃下酶解时间14h,酶解液水解度达40%,复合水解液呈亮黄色,味道鲜美。氨基酸分析结果表明,游离氨基酸含量约4641mg/100mL(色氨酸未计),必需氨基酸2838mg/100mL,占61.2%。尤其是亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、苏氨酸等支链氨基酸含量以及谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、甘氨酸等呈味氨基酸含量丰富。结果为乳鸽肉复合水解液作为疗效营养剂或高级调味料提供了依据。     

复合酶水解乳鸽肉的研究

以乳鸽脯肉为原料 ,选择复合蛋白酶 (Protamex)和复合风味酶 (Flavourzyme)分步水解制备乳鸽肉水解液。通过对水解条件的研究确定Protamex酶最适酶解条件为 :固液比为 1∶2 ,反应温度为 5 5℃ ,pH值 7 5 ,酶用量 0 2 % ,酶解时间 5h ;在此反应条件下 ,单一酶酶解液最高水解度为 2 5 %左右 ;分步酶解的工艺条件是 :Protamex酶反应进行 2h后 ,加入 0 5 %Flavuorzyme酶 ,5 0℃下酶解时间 14h ,酶解液水解度达 40 % ,复合水解液呈亮黄色 ,味道鲜美。氨基酸分析结果表明 ,游离氨基酸含量约 46 41mg/mL (色氨酸未计 ) ,必需氨基酸2 8 3 8mg/mL ,占 61 2 %。尤其是亮氨酸、异亮氨酸、缬氨酸、苏氨酸等支链氨基酸含量以及谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、甘氨酸等呈味氨基酸含量丰富。结果为乳鸽肉复合水解液作为疗效营养剂或高级调味料提供了依据。     

波纹巴非蛤肉复合酶水解肽的抗疲劳效果

目的:观察巴非蛤肉复合酶水解肽的抗疲劳效果。方法:昆明种小鼠随机分为对照组,低、中、高剂量组,对照组以6.0mL/(kg体重.d)的生理盐水灌胃,低、中、高剂量复合酶水解肽组分别以3.0、6.0、9.0mL/(kg体重.d)的复合酶水解肽溶液灌胃,1次/d。连续灌胃30d后,测定小鼠负重游泳时间、低压耐缺氧能力及抗疲劳相关生化指标,判断抗疲劳效果。结果:巴非蛤肉复合酶水解肽高剂量组小鼠低压耐缺氧能力明显增强(P<0.05),负重游泳时间明显延长(P<0.05),肝糖原含量、肝脏组织及血红细胞(Hb)中超氧化物歧化酶活力均明显升高(P<0.05),运动后血清尿素氮含量明显降低(P<0.05),而血乳酸含量降低极明显(P<0.01)。结论:巴非蛤肉复合酶水解肽具有较好的抗疲劳效果。     

文蛤的营养成分分析及其用于海味香精的酶解液制备

以文蛤肉为原料,测定其脂肪酸组成和无机离子含量,利用木瓜蛋白酶、枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶、复合风味蛋白酶对文蛤肉蛋白质进行水解,通过正交实验确定最适酶解条件。结果表明,文蛤中含有丰富的饱和脂肪酸和不饱和脂肪酸,EPA和DHA含量分别高达6.904%和7.244%,无机离子中呈咸味的Cl-含量最高,达601mg/100g。用于制取海味香精的文蛤肉酶解最适条件为:料水比1∶2,温度50℃,pH7.0左右(±0.1),先加入0.5%木瓜酶和0.3%中性酶水解1h,再加入0.4%风味酶继续水解3h,该条件下水解度为35.8%,总氮回收率为51.2%,感官评分为6.0分。     

正交试验设计优化丝绸水解条件

为了正确测定丝绸蛋白质的氨基酸含量,采用正交试验设计法对水解条件进行了优化.通过邻苯二甲醛(OPA)与芴甲氧羰碳氯(FMOC-Cl)在线自动柱前衍生的高效液相色谱法,对丝绸蛋白水解液中的氨基酸含量进行检测分析,从而评判各水解条件下丝绸蛋白水解液中氨基酸的含量变化.通过综合优化分析,得到最适合丝绸的水解条件为4 mol/L盐酸水解液,105℃恒温水解15h.通过对比标准水解条件下与优化后的水解条件下的氨基酸分析结果,除组氨酸、异亮氨酸两种含量较低的氨基酸外,其他氨基酸含量明显高于标准酸条件水解后的氨基酸含量,增幅在5.88％ ～73.13％,总氨基酸含量增加13.68％,能更准确地反应丝绸的氨基酸含量组成.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press