基于单片机的八路扫描式抢答器

本抢答器通过十分巧妙的设计仅用两块数字芯片便实现了抢答的功能,与其他抢答器电路相比有分辨时间极短、结构清晰、成本低、制作方便等优点,并且还有防作弊功能[1]。因此,我们采用了数字显示器直接指示、自动锁存显示结果、自动复位的设计思想,而且在显示结果时抢答器会发出叮咚声使效果更为生动。     

四路抢答器的优化设计

本着实用简约的原则,对传统4路抢答器的设计进行了综合考查后提出了如下的改进措施：用高度精简的电路同时实现了时钟电路,锁存电路,启动,复位操作,用它代替了独立起作用的时钟电路,锁存电路,抢答开始及复位电路以达到优化的目的。     

基于555定时器的湿度检测电路的设计与Multisim仿真

基于Multisim 仿真软件,利用555定时器设计了湿度检测电路,用于电子技术实践教学。系统设计：1）利用HM1500湿度传感器采集湿度信息,转换为电压信号;2）利用555定时器设计压频转换电路,间接实现模/数转换;3）利用74LS161、74LS273等设计计数器测量锁存湿度值;4）利用数码管显示湿度值。 Multisim软件仿真结果显示,本文设计电路准确稳定,转换精度高,线性度高,且成本低。该系统设计融合了模拟电子技术及数字电子技术课程基本教学内容,可作为实践项目用于教学。     

单片机控制的八路抢答器的设计与制作

抢答器是学校常用的智力竞赛优先判决电路。采用STC89C52单片机为核心设计出具有限时抢答、限时答题、报警显示等功能的八路抢答器。硬件电路中采用继电器把按键信号和单片机信号隔离,提高电路抗干扰能力。结合数据锁存及数码驱动芯片,提高电路带负载能力。利用电路板设计软件Protel,结合元器件实际尺寸设计出易于制作的单面印制板图。最后经过实际制作、使用验证,印制板设计合理、元件插装方便、操作简单、价格低廉,且能及时准确地判断抢答者,效果良好。     

竞猜60秒动态限时声光数码显示电路

竞猜60秒动态限时声光数码显示电路是由555振荡器组成的脉冲产生电路、计数器CD4017组成的计数电路、CD4018、MC4511及数码管组成的译码锁存数码显示电路、蜂鸣器组成的声音指示电路及由三端稳压器LM7809组成的稳压电源电路等5片集成电路完成的既可数显又可声显的限时计时电路.此电路可用于智力竞赛1分钟抢答计时或其它场合.     

基于51单片机的简易电子钟设计

本文以STC89C51单片机为核心控制器,在它的引脚上接上其他电子元器件以及外围电路,设计了一个电子时钟.这个电子钟显示时间是用数码管实现的,本设计选用的数码管是6位数码管,以分别实现对"时"、"分"、"秒"进行数字显示,它们之间的间隔用数码管上的小数点来分割,采用74HC573锁存器来驱动六位8段数码管,并利用石英晶振产生时钟脉冲,并利用单片机内部的定时器计数,通过程序和外围电路控制数码管进行动态显示.本文提供一种简单且廉价的设计方案,广大的电子科技爱好者可以参考并自行制作.     

基于EDA技术的层次化设计方法在电子抢答器中的应用

采用EDA(电子设计自动化)技术,利用层次化设计方法设计4位抢答器.首先给出系统的功能描述,然后进行功能分解,逐层设计.在抢答器设计过程中,层次化思想体现在利用VHDL语言实现显示功能,利用GDF图形输入实现保存结果和优先排序两个功能,最后将所生成的symbol作为顶层调用,以实现整体功能.在仿真成功的基础上,利用Altera公司的FPGA(现场可编程门阵列)芯片EPF10K10LC84-3来实现该4位抢答器,并给出了下载过程.实践证明,所设计的4位抢答器运行稳定,可靠性达到设计要求,分辨力较高,且无论是前面的锁存还是后面的显示都具有很大的拓展空间,可以很方便地得到拓展.     

基于MC63484的视频处理方案

文章以国产的AV4032频谱仪视频处理电路为例,阐述以MC63484为主芯片,辅助以时钟电路、地址锁存、RAM等组成的视频处理方案。采用此方案可以将视频信号在显示器上适时、不失真的显示出来。     

基于Proteus+8086的抢答器仿真设计

抢答器广泛地应用于知识竞赛等很多场合,在本文中,我们仿真设计了一款基于Proteus,以8086CPU为核心的8路抢答器。该抢答器能根据不同的选手抢答输入信号,经过CPU的控制处理将抢答信号送至LED数码管,通过数码管正确地显示选手的编号,同时绿灯亮喇叭响,给出声光提示,此时其他选手抢答(即按按钮)均无效,真正实现优先抢答的选手有优先答题的机会。当主持人按下重置按键时,红灯亮、数码管清零,选手们就可进行下一轮抢答。     

基于MAX7219芯片的大尺寸LED数码显示驱动电路设计

现有基于MAX7219芯片的数码管驱动电路只适用于小尺寸LED,为扩展其使用范围,在介绍动态显示芯片MAX7219功能的基础上.提出了一个基于该芯片的8位高亮度8英寸数码管驱动电路.电路保留了MAX7219芯片的功能强大、编程简单等优点,通过74LS273锁存器和ULN2803达林顿驱动器,实现了对任意大尺寸数码管提供较高电压和电流驱动的静态显示,并亮度可调.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks