变接触支持辊辊形及辊形配置技术在宽带钢热连轧粗轧机组的应用

迁钢公司2250mm热连轧生产线粗轧后中间坯存在镰刀弯、负凸度和楔形大的板形质量问题,导致精轧控制稳定性差,精轧控制稳定性差是板形控制精度较低的主要原因之一。为此,在粗轧四辊轧机R2机架和粗轧二辊轧机R1机架上设计并应用了6次多项式变接触支持辊辊形和负凸度工作辊辊形,取代了原来采用的平辊形。此支持辊辊形与工作辊辊形配置使用,大幅改善了中间坯的凸度、楔形和镰刀弯等板形质量,使热轧产品板形控制精度提高了10％左右。     

辊形对热连轧中间坯侧弯影响的有限元仿真分析

1700热连轧中间坯存在侧弯(镰刀弯)现象,对精轧机正常板形控制造成影响。现场检测发现粗轧机电动侧压系统夹钢坯负荷对中时偏移轧制中心线20mm。应用ABAQUS软件建立该粗轧机辊系变形有限元仿真计算模型,在偏移轧制中心线工况下,对支持辊与工作辊配辊辊形对板坯的楔形(侧弯)影响仿真计算。设计抗偏移干扰强的新的支持辊与工作辊配辊辊形,上机使用后,中间坯的侧弯(镰刀弯)现象有明显改善。     

宽带钢热连轧机的粗轧辊系配置方案与应用

为解决粗轧轧制稳定性,减少轧辊异常报废损失,设计并应用了变接触支撑辊辊形和负凸度工作辊辊形。该辊系配置使得辊间接触长度与轧制带钢的宽度基本相等,消除了有害接触区,使辊间接触应力均匀化,并提高了 辊缝横向刚度,改善了轧辊的磨损,增强了板坯轧制过程的对中和稳定性。     

1500mm热连轧五次CVC辊形凸度控制能力分析

山西建龙1500mm热连轧产线工作辊辊形采用了五次CVC辊形,该辊形具有二次、四次凸度的综合控制能力,其辊形函数决定了辊形的凸度控制能力。为更加充分发挥现场五次CVC工作辊辊形的板形控制能力,结合实际工作辊辊形函数,通过数学的方法进行了深入的研究,发现了五次CVC辊形的辊缝二次凸度与窜辊量成近似线性关系,四次凸度与窜辊量成线性关系;辊形四次凸度控制能力随带钢宽度的减小而下降,辊形二次凸度控制能力随带钢宽度的变化成非单调变化,当所轧制带钢超出某一宽度时,带钢越宽二次凸度控制能力越弱;轧制较宽带钢时,工作辊越往负窜,对带钢边部越产生较大压下,越往正窜,对带钢中部越产生较大压下的问题。     

2250mm宽带钢热连轧生产线凸度控制优化

 首钢迁钢2250mm热连轧生产线在达产初期出现了带钢凸度控制稳定性差的问题,甚至出现负凸度现象。对此热轧生产线的生产数据进行了分析,同时对轧辊温度与辊形进行了实际测量。究其原因为CVC辊形对热凸度和磨损辊形较为敏感,工作辊冷却水能力不足引起的轧辊热凸度过大破坏了CVC辊形曲线的板形控制能力。由于改造轧辊冷却水系统费用较高,需要停产,为了解决凸度控制稳定性问题,采用了辊形优化设计的方法。对精轧机组的CVC工作辊辊形进行了优化,空载辊缝凸度调控范围从［－0.7mm,0.7mm］增大到［－1.2mm,12mm］。同时,为了改善CVC工作辊与支撑辊辊间接触状态,设计并应用了CVC支撑辊辊形。此CVC辊形配置解决了首钢迁钢2250mm热轧线凸度控制稳定性差的问题,板形控制精度由原来的67%提高到了93％以上。     

宽带钢热连轧精轧机组成套辊形配置技术研究与应用

为了实现热轧宽带钢板形的高精度控制,根据宽带钢热连轧精轧机组上游机架控制凸度与下游机架控制平坦度的特性,在首钢迁钢1580 mm热连轧生产线的精轧机组开发并应用了成套辊形配置技术.在F1机架工作辊采用负凸度辊形,加强带钢轧制过程的对中;在F2到F4机架工作辊应用低轴向力CVC辊形,对带钢进行凸度调控;在F5到F7机架工作辊上采用负凸度辊形,辅以长行程的工作辊周期性窜辊,均匀轧辊磨损,控制带钢的平坦度;在所有机架的支撑辊上采用VCR变接触式辊形,增加机架的横向刚度.采用此辊形配置后,带钢的板形控制精度达95％以上,同时,改善了带钢轧制稳定性,延长了轧制计划长度,实现了一定范围的自由规程轧制.     

粗轧中间坯走偏对镰刀弯的影响分析和控制

 针对某常规热连轧粗轧中间坯的镰刀弯问题,首先使用ABAQUS/Standard建立轧辊-轧件静力学耦合模型,定量计算了不同入口厚度、宽度、压下量、两侧温度差和工作辊初始辊形下的入口中间坯走偏因素对出口中间坯楔形的影响,同时,得到变形后的工作辊辊形曲线;再使用ABAQUS/Explicit建立动态分析模型,并采用此辊形曲线作为动态模型的工作辊辊形,在与静力学分析相同的走偏工况下,模拟中间坯镰刀弯现象,进一步计算了不同入口厚度、宽度、压下量、两侧温度差和工作辊初始辊形下的入口中间坯走偏因素对出口中间坯镰刀弯的影响。基于上述计算结果,提出了优化粗轧侧导板的开口度裕量和工作辊初始辊形的方案,提高了轧制过程对中性,从而改善了中间坯镰刀弯现象,使中间坯中心线偏移量未达标率从6.51%下降到2.93%,取得了显著的效果,同时成品楔形命中率达到89%以上,极大提高了产品质量。     

热轧薄规格带钢平整过程板形控制技术

为了提高热轧薄规格带钢平整的板形质量,在平整机上采用了新的辊形配置。在支撑辊上采用变接触式 支撑辊辊形,在工作辊上采用六次方多项式正凸度辊形。变接触支撑辊辊形可以降低轧辊挠曲变形和边部应力的 集中,增大弯辊力的调控功效。采用正凸度工作辊辊形,可以弥补平整机的磨损辊形,延长平整轧制计划单位的长 度。此辊形配置在首钢迁钢热轧平整机上应用,保证了平整改善薄规格带钢板形质量,延长了平整轧制计划的长度。     

冷连轧机组吉帕级高强钢专用中间辊CVC辊形的优化

在吉帕级高强钢的生产过程中,现有的弯辊及窜辊达到最大值时仍无法补偿轧辊的弹性变形。即在原CVC轧辊配型制度下,中间辊窜辊量达到200 mm时,等效凸度仅为0.8 mm,轧机的辊缝凸度调控域不能满足超高强钢板形的控制要求。只有辊缝凸度调控域能够覆盖超高强钢的板形控制需求时,才能解决超高强钢板形不良的问题。本文对超高强钢生产专用中间辊辊形进行技术探索,当窜辊量达到120 mm时,等效凸度就达到了0.8 mm,最大等效凸度为1.075 mm,其凸度调节范围高于国内同类型冷轧厂CVC辊形板形控制能力。通过改进轧辊辊形配置,拓宽了辊缝凸度调控域,凸度调节能力同比提升34.75%,且板形调节响应较快,能较好地弥补常见中间辊辊形在冷轧超高强钢生产过程中板形控制能力不足的问题。超高强钢生产专用中间辊辊形应用后,带钢平直度值由20 IU降低到4 IU以内,板形改善幅度达80%以上。     

宽带钢热连轧机组均压支承辊辊形开发与应用

 CVC工作辊辊形自发明以来在全球150多条热连轧生产线上得到应用,以控制带钢的板形。实际应用中,与CVC工作辊配对使用的支承辊无论采用平辊还是CVC辊形均存在非均匀磨损甚至轧辊剥落失效的问题,主要原因是CVC支承辊辊形和平支承辊与CVC工作辊配置时存在接触压力集中。为了解决此问题,设计并应用了一种均压支承辊辊形与CVC工作辊配置使用。此辊形是变接触支承辊辊形（VCR）与CVC支承辊辊形的组合,具有变接触辊形的优点,同时又能更好地与CVC工作辊配置使用。均压支承辊辊形应用后,改善了CVC工作辊与支承辊辊间接触状态,解决了轧辊剥落问题,并改善了带钢凸度质量。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.