基于图像特征的嵌入式大包下渣检测方法

通过对现有大包下渣检测系统的分析,提出了一种基于图像特征的嵌入式下渣检测方法,阐述了系统嵌入式架构及具体实现方法.该方法以DSP为下位机系统的核心硬件平台,由FPGA与DSP组成的下位机系统将摄像头采集到的模拟图像转换成数字图像,同时进行平均灰度变化与结构相似度的图像特征提取与分析,再经HPI通信模块将处理后的数据发送...     

钢水下渣检测系统在转炉炼钢厂的应用

下渣检测系统使用红外线摄像头对钢流实时监控,通过图像识别软件判断钢水的含渣量,指导操作工进行抬炉操作或挡渣操作,从而保证既能最大限度将转炉内的钢水出尽,又能最大限度的减少下渣量,减少钢水回磷,避免磷超标的事故发生。     

一种改进的转炉出钢下渣检测方法及其应用

 针对传统的完全基于灰度阀值分割算法的转炉出钢下渣检测方法在遇到出钢过程中的意外情况时,检测准确率下降的缺点,提出了一种改进的红外转炉出钢下渣检测方法。该方法首先利用分水岭分割的方法将转炉出钢图像分割成几个区域,再利用形态学方法对分割出的区域进行矩形拟合以获取准确的钢流图像区域,最后通过前后共4帧图像信息的加权来消除出钢过程中的异常情况对于检测准确性的影响。现场试验结果表明,所提出的改进方法对于提高红外转炉出钢下渣检测系统报警准确率,减小下渣到钢包的渣厚度以及提高系统稳定性方面效果显著。     

基于水平集的钢水图像分割方法

钢水质量和收得率是转炉生产的两项重要生产考核指标.通过红外热成像法检测转炉出钢钢水图像中钢渣占比率,从而有效控制钢水质量和收得率是转炉生产工艺之一.由于转炉出钢钢水红外灰度图像具有背景噪声干扰大、钢渣呈多目标分离标状且边缘非规则等特点,因此如何提高钢水图像分割及钢渣占比检测准确率一直是难点问题.针对该问题,提出了一种基...     

转炉出钢下渣检测系统在济钢的应用

本文论述了济钢宽厚板厂转炉出钢采用的下渣检测的原理和使用效果;通过实际冶炼情况得知出钢下渣检测可以有效提高合金收得率,净化钢水成分,为钢水精炼提供良好的条件;在当今钢铁业微利时代转炉出钢下渣检测是一种易于实现的降本增效的技术手段。     

连铸钢钢流真空处理

据1987年第九期《СТАЛБ》报道苏联新利佩茨克钢铁公司和利佩茨克工学院《连铸钢钢流真空处理》一文。该公司2号转炉车间在连铸过程中投产了钢流真空处理装置。该装置尺寸不大,置于钢包和中间包之间(见示意图)对钢流施行真空处理。这台装置对钢水真空处理效果良好,因为它为钢水脱气,脱碳建立了良好的动力学条件;钢流真空处理时的钢水流速和连铸时     

基于视频图像的连铸大包下渣特征提取方法的研究

 通过机器视觉与工人肉眼的类比,设计了一种基于视频图像的连铸大包下渣检测系统,利用该系统进行了连铸大包下渣特征提取方法的研究。构建了系统平台,通过软硬件进行视频图像信号的采集与处理,实现对连铸大包下渣过程的实时在线监控,无长水口保护套时进行钢流边缘的下渣特征提取与分析,有长水口保护套时进行液面平均灰度变化、结构相似度、统计特性的多参数以及三特征综合分析的下渣特征提取与分析。工业现场试验表明：该系统具有易于安装维护、自动化程度高、使用寿命长、成本低、非接触式检测、有一定的下渣检测成功率等优点,可有效地减少下渣量,提高钢水收得率,降低中间包的存渣厚度,有较高的使用价值。     

滑板挡渣技术在涟钢210t转炉上的应用

转炉渣具有较强的氧化性,当其进入钢包中,不仅增加了脱氧合金成本,同时对钢水造成较为严重的污染。湖南华菱涟钢210t转炉主要生产洁净钢,对转炉下渣控制较为严格。为减少转炉下渣,提高钢水纯净度,于2013年在210t转炉上引入滑板挡渣系统,将钢包渣厚由75mm降低至42 mm,大大改善钢水纯净度。本文主要讲述了转炉滑板挡渣系统的原理,构造,及关键工艺控制点,并对比使用前后效果。     

基于PLC自动控制和红外下渣检测的滑板挡渣技术应用

通过对转炉出钢过程中前期渣、中期渣和后期渣的分析,系统对比了挡渣球、挡渣塞、气动挡渣和滑板挡渣等挡渣方式的挡渣效果。滑板挡渣通过PLC自动控制系统采集转炉倾动角度,同时利用红外下渣检测判断下渣量。根据挡渣工艺要求,滑动水口的全开或全闭可在0.5 s内自动完成,实现出钢过程中前期渣、中期渣和后期渣的最有效阻挡。与其他挡渣方法相比,滑板的挡渣成功率达到100%,转炉出钢下渣量控制在50 mm,回磷稳定控制在0.002%以下,降低了钢水氧化性,减少了合金消耗,提高了转炉成分命中率。     

转炉滑板挡渣工艺技术研发与应用

控制转炉下渣不仅是改善钢水质量的一个重要工艺技术,也是降低炼钢成本的一个主要工艺措施。文章论述了转炉下渣量对冶炼成本及钢水质量的危害,对比了各种挡渣方式的下渣量。以本钢为例,重点介绍了滑板挡渣+下渣检测的挡渣方式的原理,使用过程中出现的问题及其解决的措施,最终达到了预期效果。     

Application of Improved HMM Algorithm in Slag Detection System

 To solve the problems of ladle slag detection system (SDS), such as high cost, short service life, and inconvenient maintenance, a new SDS realization method based on hidden Markov model (HMM) was put forward. The physical process of continuous casting was analyzed, and vibration signal was considered as the main detecting signal according to the difference in shock vibration generated by molten steel and slag because of their difference in density. Automatic control experiment platform oriented to SDS was established, and vibration sensor was installed far away from molten steel, which could solve the problem of easy power consumption by the sensor. The combination of vector quantization technology with learning process parameters of HMM was optimized, and its revaluation formula was revised to enhance its recognition effectiveness. Industrial field experiments proved that this system requires low cost and little rebuilding for current devices, and its slag detection rate can exceed 95%.     

A theoretical and experimental study of continuous-casting tundishes focusing on slag-steel interaction

A model of a tundish has been developed that takes into account the steel, slag, and refractory phases. Predicted temperatures and velocities in the steel and refractory from the model were earlier found to agree well with measured velocities and temperatures. The model was also used to determine the optimal location of flow devices, making the temperature distribution in the steel more even and enhancing the removal of inclusions to the slag. In this study, the focus was on using the model to study the slag/steel interface in the tundish. Predictions showed that slag is dispersed into the steel close to the interface as well as close to the ladle shroud. In order to confirm these predictions, the momentary interfacial solidification sampling (MISS) method was developed. Using this method, a sample of the steel/slag interface could be taken that represented almost an instantaneous picture of the interface. The MISS sampler was used for sampling low-carbon steel in the tundish. Samples were analyzed using ultrasonic testing, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Analysis results confirmed the presence of nonmetallic particles close to the slag/steel interface and close to the ladle shroud, as suggested by the modeling results. The analyses also showed that the slag/steel interface is very irregular, despite the low velocities.     

双滑板挡渣出钢技术在迁钢的应用

介绍了双滑板挡渣技术的工作原理、结构、控制过程以及双滑板挡渣出钢技术在迁钢210 t顶底复吹转炉上的应用情况,并以X65钢种为例,与原挡渣锥挡渣工艺进行了对比。结果表明,转炉出钢时间延长69 s,挡渣成功率达99.9%,下渣检测指数降低323,钢包渣厚平均降低约18 mm,钢水在LF炉精炼回磷量降低0.001 4%,硅、锰等合金收得率分别提高1.69%、1.25%;减少了出钢结束时钢渣散落烧坏电缆的发生次数,每座转炉由2次/月减少到1次/季;实现了提高钢水质量和降低成本的目的。     

基于界面技术的钢渣热态转运路径优化

 为实现熔融钢渣显热高效回收,以转炉-渣处理界面为研究对象,采用时序分析、冶金流程虚拟仿真等方法对熔融钢渣热态转运流程进行优化,由渣罐转运路径、运行时间、在线运行数量、界面能量损失等几个方面进行解析,确定熔融钢渣低热损转运的最优路径,以实现工序界面间物质流、能量流的高效传递。虚拟仿真和试验结果显示,渣罐在线运行数量为8个时即可满足现有转炉的生产要求,单个渣罐的周转次数为7.88 次/d,渣罐周转效率提高约37.50%,钢渣转运过程中温降约为209 ℃,界面能量损失较初始条件减少30.4%。     

连铸大包下渣检测技术的发展及应用

综述了连铸大包下渣技术的发展状况,对基于不同下渣原理的检测方法进行了详细分析,并探讨了其各自的发展前景。电磁检测是目前较为成熟的一项大包下渣检测技术,已经在众多钢厂获得推广;振动式大包下渣检测方法是一项具有发展前景的大包下渣检测技术。     

Effect of initial large-sized inclusion content on inclusion removal during electroslag remelting of H13 die steel

The current paper focuses on the influence of initial large-sized inclusion content in the consumable electrode on inclusion removal during electroslag remelting (ESR) of H13 die steel. Considering the relationship between the inclusion size and the interfacial energy change of the slag/inclusion/steel system during the inclusion transfer across the steel/slag interface, the thermodynamic conditions for inclusion removal from steel to the slag were put forward. The results showed that the content of large-sized inclusions in final ESR ingot was decreased by approximately 13.66% with the increase in large-sized inclusion content in the consumable electrode from 11.36?mg/10?kg to 16.50?mg/10?kg. The interfacial energy change of the slag/inclusion/steel system decreases with the increase in inclusion radius during the absorption process of inclusions by slag, which is beneficial for inclusion removal.