分布式Alamouti空时码的信道容量及最优资源分配方案

该文针对基于译码转发协议的分布式Alamouti空时码(DF-DASTC)系统的信道容量以及最优资源分配策略问题。利用退化中继信道模型,推导得到了DF-DASTC系统在衰落信道下的信道容量闭式解。以DF-DASTC信道容量最大化为目标,对该系统在固定带宽分配时,中继及信源节点的最优功率分配方案进行了研究,推导得到了DF-DASTC系统的最优功率分配方案的闭式解。利用凸优化理论,将以DF-DASTC信道容量最大化为目标函数的多目标优化问题转换为非线性不等式约束的单目标凸优化问题,进一步得到了可变带宽分配时的DF-DASTC系统的最优带宽和功率分配策略。理论分析和系统仿真表明,该文所提出的资源分配策略,比平均分配的资源方案具有更大的信道容量。另外,该文的最优资源分配策略适用于具有多个中继节点的无线中继网络,具有普适性。     

Resource allocation for cellular radio systems

High terminal traffic densities are expected in urban multiuser radio systems. An efficient allocation of resources is the key to high system capacity. In this paper, a distributed dynamic resource allocation (DDRA) scheme based on local signal and interference measurements is proposed for multiuser radio networks. It offers “soft capacity” for time division multiple access (TDMA) and frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, bounded above by N per base station, where N is the total number of channels in the system. The decisions are made local to a terminal and its base and are essentially independent of the rest of the system. A distributed dynamic channel assignment scheme is used to assign channels to new calls. This scheme assigns a channel that offers the maximum carrier to interference ratio (CIR) to a new call. A distributed constrained power control (DCPC) scheme based on CIR measurements is used for power control. The channel assignment scheme and the power control scheme are coupled to obtain an interactive resource allocation scheme. We compare the capacity of a system which uses the distributed dynamic resource allocation scheme described above with the capacity of a system which uses the channel assignment scheme alone. The system capacity is measured by simulation as the number of terminals that can be served by the system with a CIR above an acceptable minimum. In a 1D cellular system, coupling the channel assignment scheme with power control is discussed. Simulations were also used to show the effect of varying the maximum transmitter power on system capacity     

A New Adaptive Transmission Scheme for Wireless Communication Systems Utilizing Frequency Diversity

In this paper, we propose a new adaptive transmission scheme for wirelesscommunication systems utilizing frequency diversity combining technique. Thecapacity of Rayleigh fading chanels under the proposed adaptive transmissionscheme is analytically evaluated and compared with the capacity under theconventional adaptive transmission scheme. The results show that the channelcapacity under the new adaptive scheme exceeds that under the conventionalone, and this capacity increment becomes more apparent especially for loweraverage carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) and larger number of diversity branches.Also, the capacity with the new scheme isshown to exceed even the capacity ofAWGN channels for some small values of CNR and large number of diversitybranches.     

Antenna-assisted round robin scheduling for MIMO cellular systems

Packet scheduling is investigated for the downlink of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) cellular system. We propose an antenna-assisted round robin scheduling (AA-RRS) scheme to improve the conventional RRS scheme. The AA-RRS scheme provides fair channel access chance to users as the RRS scheme, whereas it increases the system capacity through the effective use of multiple antennas in achieving a diversity effect from multiple users. Simulation results show that the AA-RRS scheme achieves a significant capacity gain over the RRS scheme. We also investigate the effects of long-term power control on the system capacities for the proposed scheduling scheme.     

Capacity Performance of Polarized Distributed MIMO System on Rician Channel

The analytical upper bound and lower bound on the ergodic capacity of polarized distributed antenna system and their relation with antenna polarization on Rician channel are deduced by applying properties of complex non-central Wishart matrices and matrix-variate non-central quadratic forms. Compared to the related studies, our analysis is extended to account for the polarized distributed system with Rician fading where a line-of-sight component exists and both ends are affected by spatial correlation. The antenna polarization has some impacts on the capacity bounds according to the expressions of capacity bounds. Both the transmitter and the receiver are equipped with multiple polarization antennas, and the transmitters are of linear layout. A power allocation scheme based on the path loss fading is presented by maximizing the capacity upper bound. The power allocation scheme is feedback efficient compared with those power allocation schemes based on statistical parameters of the channel which need a large amount of feedback. In the simulations, the ergodic capacity of polarized distributed MIMO is analyzed. Comparisons are taken on the effects of angle spread, Rician factor and power on the ergodic capacity. The proposed power allocation scheme is superior to the equal power allocation scheme and has very close performance to the optimal power allocation scheme.     

大容量SDH系统同步组织方案探讨

介绍了大容量SDH系统组网方案、同步系统规划方案、后期同步系统扩容方案及GPS和地面时钟链路的协调一致。     

Robust Uniform Channel Decomposition and Power Allocation for MIMO Systems with Imperfect CSI

In point to point MIMO systems, uniform channel decomposition (UCD) has been proven to be optimal in bit error rate (BER) performance and strictly capacity lossless when perfect channel state information (CSI) are assumed to be available at both the transmitter and the receiver side. However, in practice, CSI can be obtained at the transmitter if there is reciprocity between the forward and reverse channels in time division duplex (TDD) systems or can be conveyed from the receiver to the transmitter via a feedback channel. In any case, channel estimation error is inevitable. In this paper, a novel robust UCD scheme and corresponding optimal robust power allocation are proposed, which are capable of improving the BER performance in the context of imperfect CSI compared with the conventional UCD scheme and the robust precoding scheme proposed by Amir D. Dabbagh and David J. Love. Simulation results show that the MIMO channel capacity of the proposed robust UCD scheme is higher than that of the conventional UCD scheme. By deriving and analyzing the MIMO channel capacity lower bound of the robust UCD scheme, we prove that our proposed robust UCD scheme is capacity lossless in a channel estimation error existing MIMO system.     

一种增加No.7信令网信令链路数方案的探讨

当前No．7信令网中的每个信令点可配置的信令链路数受到4bit信令链路选择(SLS)字段的限制，最多只能提供16条信令链路．为此文章提出了一种不需要改变现有技术规范的增加信令链路数的方案，采用该方案后，将增加各类信令链路可配置数目，对解决日益突出的信令链路不足的问题具有实际意义。     

协作分集系统中基于注水算法的功率分配方案研究

为了提高协作分集系统的信道容量,该文在多中继节点协作背景下提出了基于注水算法的中继节点功率分配方案。首先,对空时矩阵的列序号提出了一种新的映射方案,该方案能够提升中继节点发射信号间的正交性。对于采用线性正交解码算法的GABBA码,列序号重新排布后能够降低误码率。然后,通过对接收信噪比与中继节点发射功率的分析,针对信道容量最大化问题提出了一种应用注水算法的两步求解方案。该文对瑞利平坦慢衰落信道下采用GABBA码的协作分集系统进行仿真,仿真结果表明,与中继节点发射功率均分方案相比,该文提出的功率分配方案能够提升系统抗误码性能,达到满分集增益NtNr。该文提出的方案在不同的仿真条件下对信道容量均有提升,并且信道容量与min{NtNr}log2M成正比。     

Stacked OSTBC: Error Performance and Rate Analysis

It is well known that the Alamouti scheme is the only space-time code from orthogonal designs achieving the capacity of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication system with n_T=2 transmit antennas and n_R=1 receive antenna. In this paper, we propose the n-times stacked Alamouti scheme for n_T=2n transmit antennas and show that this scheme achieves the capacity in the case of n_R=1 receive antenna. This result may regarded as an extension of the Alamouti case. For the more general case of more than one receive antenna, we show that if the number of transmit antennas is higher than the number of receive antennas, we achieve a high portion of the capacity with this scheme. Further, we show that the MIMO capacity is at most twice the rate achieved with the proposed scheme for all signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We derive lower and upper bounds for the rate achieved with this scheme and compare it with upper and lower bounds for the capacity. In addition to the capacity analysis based on the assumption of a coherent channel, we analyze the error rate performance of the stacked orthogonal space-time block code (OSTBC) with the optimal maximum-likelihood (ML) detector and with the suboptimal lattice-reduction (LR)-aided zero-forcing detector. We compare the error rate performance of the stacked OSTBC with spatial multiplexing (SM) and full-diversity achieving schemes. Finally, we illustrate the theoretical results by numerical simulations.     

Capacity Maximization for OFDM Two-Hop Relay System With Separate Power Constraints

The combination of a multihop relay system and orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation is a promising way to increase the capacity and coverage area. For the OFDM two-hop relay system with separate power constraints, joint subcarrier matching and power allocation is considered in this paper, which uses the “decode-and-forward” relay strategy. The aforementioned problem can be formulated as a mixed binary integer programming problem, which is prohibitive when trying to find the global optimum. By separating the subcarrier matching and the power allocation, the optimal scheme, i.e., the optimal joint subcarrier matching and power allocation, is presented in this paper. After that, a suboptimal scheme with less complexity is also proposed, which can also be used to better understand the effects of power allocation. Simulation results show that the capacity of the optimal scheme is almost equivalent to the upper bound of the system capacity, and the capacity of the suboptimal scheme is close to that of the optimal scheme. In addition, simulation results also show that the one-to-one subcarrier matching is almost optimal, although it simplifies the system architecture.      

Capacity analysis in CDMA distributed antenna systems

In this letter, the effect of maximal ratio combining (MRC)-based macrodiversity on the reverse-link and forward-link capacity in code division multiple access (CDMA)-distributed antenna systems is analyzed. The concept of virtual cell is illustrated, and the analytical outage probability expressions are derived. The present investigation shows that on the reverse link, the interference can be suppressed greatly with macrodiversity, which leads to a significant increase in capacity. However, on the forward-link, it is proven that if simulcasting is used in CDMA-distributed antenna systems, the forward-link capacity cannot increase with macrodiversity whatever power allocation scheme is adopted. Based on the analysis of the cause of capacity loss, a new transmission scheme is further presented and the optimal power allocation scheme is derived. It is shown that, in this case, the forward-link capacity increases rapidly with the number of involved distributed antennas.     

基于负载均衡的中继选择和频谱转移联合优化策略

针对负载失衡或热点覆盖无线中继网络,提出一种基于负载均衡的自适应中继选择和频谱转移联合优化策略。定义了一种衡量一个站点对周围同频站点干扰程度的干扰容量,为某站点对其他站点的干扰提供了量化分析指标。当用户申请接入时,首先根据各条链路的信道状况选择首选接入站点和备选接入站点,当首选接入站点负载过重而无足够资源使其接入时,对接入备选站点和从与首选站点同扇区的其他站点向首选站点进行频谱转移的性能进行比较,选择一种维持系统性能较好的方式接入。仿真结果表明,所提算法在中心小区的频谱效率和阻塞率都优于单一的基于负载均衡的中继选择策略和单一的基于负载均衡的频谱转移策略,并且平均干扰容量也最低,对周围小区的系统性能影响较小。     

Handoff prioritisation with implicit channel reservation indistributed dynamic channel assignment algorithms

A new distributed dynamic channel assignment scheme with implicit channel reservation for handoff prioritisation is proposed. This scheme reduces the degree of computation and communications among base stations required for channel reservation and achieves a capacity similar to that of the maximum packing algorithm. For 40 total channels, the proposed algorithm achieves a 116% capacity increase relative to the nonprioritised fixed channel assignment (FCA) scheme and 93% relative to FCA with optimum channel reservation     

Adaptive channel reservation scheme for soft handoff in DS-CDMAcellular systems

Soft handoff techniques in direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (DS-CDMA) systems provide mobile calls with seamless connections between adjacent cells. Channel reservation schemes are used to give high priority to more important soft handoff attempts over new call attempts. However, since the number of soft handoff attempts varies according to environmental conditions, fixed reservation schemes for handoff attempts can be inefficient. An adaptive channel reservation scheme is herein proposed to control the size of reservation capacity according to varying the number of soft handoff attempts. The proposed scheme also includes a balancing procedure between soft handoff failure and new call blocking to maximize the system capacity. To evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme, a Markovian model is developed that considers the interference-limited capacity effect of DS-CDMA systems. The analytical result shows that the proposed scheme yields a considerable enhancement in terms of new call blocking and soft handoff failure probabilities when compared with the conventional fixed channel reservation scheme     

多用户MIMO下行收发联合波束成形

针对随机波束成形(RBF)只有在包含大量用户的系统中才能获得较好性能的局限性,提出了一种新的收发联合波束成形方案,用于多用户多入多出(MIMO)下行链路传输。该方案有效地结合了RBF与接收天线合并技术。分析及仿真结果表明,即使在用户数为中等甚至较小时仍然能获得较高的和速率性能。由于每个用户的反馈开销没变,从而使获得同样和速率时系统的总反馈开销明显减少。仿真结果还显示,所提方案的和速率性能不仅优于原RBF,也比RBF结合最大比合并或者等增益合并的性能有明显改善,同时还保持了最优的随用户数变化的增长速度。     

Capacity achieving high rate space-time block codes

It is well known, that the Alamouti scheme is the only space-time code from orthogonal design achieving the capacity of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless communication system with n/sub T/=2 transmit antennas and n/sub R/=1 receive antenna. In this work, we propose the n-times stacked Alamouti scheme for n/sub T/=2n transmit antennas and show that this scheme achieves the capacity in the case of n/sub R/=1 receive antenna. For the more general case of more than one receive antenna, we show that if the number of transmit antennas is higher than the number of receive antennas we achieve a high portion of the capacity with this scheme.     

Design of a fair scheduler exploiting multiuser diversity with feedback information reduction

In this letter, we propose a new downlink fair scheduling scheme exploiting the multiuser diversity to enhance the transmission capacity. In the proposed scheme, only the MSs (mobile stations) whose normalized SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) values are larger than a given threshold feedback one-bit information to the BS (base station). As a result, while achieving the strict fairness, the proposed scheme can efficiently utilize the spectrum by reducing the considerable amount of the feedback information, compared to the proportional fair scheduling scheme where all the MSs feed back the normalized SNR values to the BS. Numerical studies show that the transmission capacity in the proposed scheme with a suitable value of the threshold is very close to that in the proportional fair scheduling scheme.     

Performance analysis of microcell/macrocell with reuse partitioning in TDMA‐based cellular systems

System capacity and grade of service (GoS) are both important for the rapid growth of cellular communication services. In this paper, we propose a two‐tier TDMA‐based cellular system with macrocell overlaid on microcell clusters by implementing fixed channel assignment (FCA) scheme and fixed reuse partitioning (FRP) scheme in microcell layer and macrocell layer, respectively, named FCA–FRP overlay scheme. Improvement can be achieved in both system capacity and GoS. Theoretical analysis based on the overlay scheme without overflow and with overflow is first presented. It shows that the simulation results are agreed with the analytical results. Then, simulation results, obtained from the overlay scheme with and without overflow, show that the performance in terms of the call blocking probability, the call dropping probability and system capacity of such a system can be greatly improved compared with a conventional one‐tier cellular system deployed with FCA or FRP scheme. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

一种新的基于DAB系统的改进方案

给出了一种提高DAB(Digital Audio Broadcasting)系统容量的方案,该方案能够达到基于DAB的T-DMB系统性能,但在系统容量上能比T-DMB提高30%.该方案在DAB系统应用层加入LDPC编码保护,形成LDPC级联DAB中的卷积码的编码结构,增强了对传输数据的保护,满足传输视频业务的误码要求,同时兼容DAB及基于DAB的改进系统.