一步法制备氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺/Au复合材料及电化学性能

以改进的Hummers法制备的氧化石墨烯为基底,以氯金酸为氧化剂和金源,原位聚合苯胺单体,一步制得氧化石墨烯/聚苯胺/金(GO/PANI/Au)三元复合材料。形貌和成分分析结果表明,氯金酸成功地将苯胺氧化成聚苯胺,并被还原生成金纳米颗粒。电化学性能测试结果表明,随着氧化剂用量的增加,三元复合材料的比电容呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当氧化剂加入量为0.03mmol时,所制备的三元复合材料比电容最大,在1A/g电流密度、1mol/L H2SO4电解液中比容量达327F/g,在15A/g电流密度下容量保持率也高达81%。     

聚苯胺/纳米金复合材料的制备

利用双氧水既作为氯金酸的还原剂同时又作为苯胺的氧化剂来制备聚苯胺/纳米金复合材料。研究了双氧水与氯金酸反应时间的不同对苯胺聚合反应的影响;利用石英晶体微天平(QCM)装置和UV-Vis光谱实时监测苯胺的聚合反应速度,并对所得的复合材料进行了FT-IR光谱表征。结果表明,双氧水与氯金酸反应时间不同,苯胺聚合反应速率也不同。     

聚苯胺-金复合材料膜的制备和表征

采用原位聚合方法,以氯金酸(HAuCl4)为氧化剂,苯胺(ANI)为还原剂,在金和玻璃表面上制备出聚苯胺-金复合材料膜.用光学照片、扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、紫外光谱(UV-Vis)和四探针电导率测试仪对复合膜的形貌、化学结构和导电性能进行了表征.结果表明,复合材料在芯片上形成一层均匀的复合膜,且更容易沉积在金表面,复合膜中金粒子的平均粒径约400nm,较均匀地分散在膜的表面和内部.当氯金酸浓度小于30mmol/L时,复合膜的电导率随氯金酸浓度的升高而增大.     

导电聚苯胺在化学及电化学传感器中的应用

本文扼要综述了聚苯胺在化学传感器 (气敏电极 )及电化学传感器 (离子检测和生物传感器 )领域的主要应用。     

银/聚苯胺纳米复合材料的制备及电化学性能

采用苯胺为分散剂合成纳米银胶溶液,并在此基础上引发苯胺的原位复合,制备出银/聚苯胺(Ag/PANI)纳米复合材料。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、X射线衍射分析仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜和电化学分析仪对产物进行了分析与检测。研究结果表明,Ag/PANI纳米复合材料中形成了聚苯胺在外、银纳米粒子在内的包覆结构,纳米复合粒子为类球形状形貌。引入纳米银粒子后,制备的Ag/PANI纳米复合材料的电化学活性和比容量较PANI有了很大提高。Ag/PANI纳米复合材料的腐蚀电流密度为72.1μA/cm2,比PANI的腐蚀电流密度106μA/cm2降低了33.9μA/cm2,纳米复合材料防腐性能得到显著提高。     

三维多孔结构聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料的制备及电化学性能

以自制聚苯胺水凝胶和氧化石墨烯为原料采用原位聚合法和溶液灌注法制备三维多孔结构的聚苯胺/氧化石墨烯复合材料,然后在氢碘酸的还原下制备聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料。采用红外光谱法、场发射扫描电子显微镜和热重分析法对制备的复合材料的结构、形貌和组成进行表征,并采用三电极测试方式对其电化学性能进行测试。结果表明,氧化石墨烯的掺入能有效防止聚苯胺和氧化石墨烯的团聚和堆叠问题,获得了具有良好三维多孔结构的聚苯胺/氧化石墨烯复合物;聚苯胺/氧化石墨烯复合材料被氢碘酸还原后,得到的聚苯胺/石墨烯复合材料的热稳定性有所降低,但其比电容和导电性等有了很大的提高,在电流密度为0.5 A/g时,PANI/GO和PANI/r GO的比电容分别为240.38 F/g和321.91F/g。     

电化学制备有序聚苯胺／聚苯乙烯复合材料

利用垂直沉积自组装技术在氧化铟锡（ITO）导电玻璃基底上制备出高度有序的聚苯乙烯（PS）薄膜,以此为模板,在三电极体系中应用循环伏安法,控制电势在-0．3-0．9V之间,以20mV／S的扫描速度,在有序排列PS薄膜的表面电化学沉积聚苯胺（PANI）,成功制备出了聚苯胺／聚苯乙烯（PS／PANI）有序导电高分子复合材料,通过紫外-可见光分光光度计、循环伏安法、场发射扫描电镜、x射线衍射仪进行表征,结果表明,制得的PS／PANI复合材料粒径均匀、排列有序、呈密堆积结构,可为制备具有有序中空或大孔膜产物提供较理想的模板。     

聚苯胺防腐蚀电化学方法研究

本文综述了国内外在聚苯胺 (PANI)防腐研究中一些常用和新颖的电化学方法 ,指出其测试原理、过程和结果 ,表明PANI有良好的防腐效果。     

三维多级孔石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料的制备及电化学性能

采用水热法合成聚糠醇（PFA）,探究了表面活性剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）添加量和反应时间对PFA微观形貌的影响。将改进Hummers法制备的氧化石墨烯（GO）对PFA、泡沫Ni进行包覆,探讨了PFA模板与GO不同质量比的包覆效果。去模板后成功构筑三维大孔石墨烯（3D rGO）,3D rGO再经KOH活化获得三维多级孔石墨烯（3D PrGO）,3D PrGO经与聚苯胺（PANI）原位复合获得3D PrGO/PANI复合材料。采用XRD、SEM、TEM、FTIR、XPS和比表面（BET）分析法对材料的物相组成、微观结构、形貌、比表面和孔径进行表征,采用循环伏安、恒流充放电、电化学阻抗谱分析了3D PrGO/PANI复合材料的电化学性能。结果表明:通过控制糠醇、PVP及水的比例,在180℃水热反应24 h成功制备了球径在500 nm左右的PFA微球。在PFA与GO质量比为1∶1时包覆效果最佳。450℃热处理6 h成功去除PFA模板并形成400~600 nm左右的大孔,经KOH活化后,在3D PrGO上形成介孔结构。3D PrGO/PANI复合材料在0.5 A/g电流密度下比电容为433 F/g,在1 A/g下1 000次循环充放电之后,3D PrGO/PANI复合材料的比电容保留率为75%,高于纯PANI的69%。      

Graphene/Gold nanoparticle composite-based paper sensor for electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide

In this article, we report the convenient preparation of graphene/gold nanoparticle-decorating filter membrane, which could be directly used as electrode for H₂O₂ sensing. The graphene oxide and chloroauric acid are reduced by l-ascorbic acid before covering the paper substrate. The reduced graphene oxide/gold nanoparticle-paper material is characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. The paper composite could be cut into piece and directly used as electrochemical sensor. The electrochemical experimental results show that the paper sensor has satisfying performances in sensing H₂O₂ with the detection limit of 15?μM and the linear range is 8.53–17.35?mM. This work would propose a novel strategy for the applications of graphene in the fields of electroanalysis and sensing.     

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence of Au nanoclusters for the detection of dopamine

Electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) emission was observed from the water-soluble, bovine serum albumin (BSA)-stabilized Au nanoclusters for the first time. The possible ECL mechanism was discussed according to the presented results and ascribed to the effective electron transfer from the conduction-band of excited indium tin oxide (ITO) to Au nanoclusters (NCs). A simple label-free method for the detection of dopamine has been developed based on the Au NCs ECL in aqueous media. The Au NCs could be an effective candidate for new types of ECL biosensors in the future due to their fascinating features, such as good water solubility, low toxicity, ease of labeling, and excellent stability.     

Impedimetric biosensor based on magnetic nanoparticles for electrochemical detection of dopamine

One of the difficulties which limit the use of electrochemical sensors for detection of dopamine is the interference from ascorbic acid. We have sought to address this problem through the synthesis and characterization of a suitable electrode material based on magnetic nanoparticles. The interference from the ascorbic acid was overcome by fabricating a negatively charged electrode surface using PEGylated arginine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (PA-MNPs). The nanoparticles were characterized by various techniques viz., X-ray diffraction, FT-Infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and vibrating sample magnetometer. The electrochemical behavior of the proposed sensor was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and the sensor showed high sensitivity and selectivity for dopamine. The response mechanism of the modified electrode is based on the interaction between the negatively charged electrode and the positively charged dopamine. Under optimized conditions, linear calibration plots were obtained for amperometric detection of dopamine (DA) over the concentration range of 1–9 mM dopamine, with a linear correlation coefficient of 0.9836, sensitivity of 121 μA/mM and a detection limit of 7.25 μM. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been used to study the interface properties of modified electrodes. The value of the polarization resistance (R_p) increases linearly with dopamine concentration in the range of 10 μM to 1 mM and the limit of detection (LOD) was calculated to be 14.1 μM. High sensitivity and selectivity, micromolar detection limit, high reproducibility, along with ease of preparation of the electrode surface make this system suitable for the determination of DA in pharmaceutical and clinical preparations.     

Preparation and electrochemical properties of Au NPs/RGO Hybrid

正Au NPs and graphene Au nanoparticle(AuNP)has exhibited advanced catalytic propertiesdue to its high ratio surface area and high surface ac-tivity.But its application is limited due to the aggre-gation problems of NPs and high price.Graphenehas shown advanced conductivity and high ratio sur-face area,which provide a good supporter to stabi-lize the Au NPs and to enhance the catalytic proper-ties by the hybrid of Au NPs and graphene.In this     

Electroless deposition of Au nanoparticles on reduced graphene oxide/polyimide film for electrochemical detection of hydroquinone and catechol

An electrochemical sensor for determination of hydroquinone (HQ) and catechol (CC) was developed using Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) fabricated on reduced graphene oxide/polyimide (PI/RGO) film by electroless deposition. The electrochemical behaviors of HQ and CC at PI/RGO-AuNPs electrode were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Under the optimized condition, the current responses at PI/RGO-AuNPs electrode were linear over ranges from 1 to 654 mol/L for HQ and from 2 to 1289 mol/L for CC, with the detection limits of 0.09 and 0.2 mol/L, respectively. The proposed electrode exhibited good reproducibility, stability and selectivity. In addition, the proposed electrode was successfully applied in the determination of HQ and CC in tap water and the Yellow River samples.     

电磁屏蔽聚苯胺纳米纤维的电化学制备

聚苯胺在微波吸收及电磁屏蔽方面有极大的应用前景。研究了电化学聚合苯胺纤维,并对其物化性质进行了研究。采用扫描电子显微镜,X射线衍射仪等对聚苯胺的形貌、结构进行了研究,采用电化学测试系统对其循环伏安等性能进行了研究。结果表明,聚合电位和时间对聚合速度,聚苯胺结构和电导率都有很大的影响。聚苯胺纤维的表面形貌与聚合参数关系密切。通过控制聚合电位和时间,以盐酸为掺杂酸可以得到所需尺寸的聚苯胺纳米纤维。合成导电聚苯胺的最佳条件为:0.5mol/L An、1mol/L HCl、常温、聚合电位0.8V.聚苯胺纳米纤维电磁屏蔽效能显著,有利于制备高效轻质的电磁屏蔽材料。     

A novel preparation of water-dispersed graphene and their application to electrochemical detection of dopamine

In the paper, water-dispersed graphene-GQDs composites were prepared by electrochemical exfoliation under alternating voltage combining ultrasonic treatment. The effects of alternating voltage, alternating frequency and the distance between electrodes were carefully explored. The results showed that the quality of composites prepared by alternating voltage was higher than that by direct voltage. The existence of graphene quantum dots (GQDs) hindered the agglomeration of graphene and facilitated dispersion of graphene in water. The sensor based on the obtained graphene-GQDs composites was used to detect dopamine (DA). The electrochemical investigation showed that the sensor had good selectivity and wide linear ranges for the detection of DA (0.1–100 µM). The detection limit could be down to 3 × 10^?8 M (S/N = 3) with a sensitivity of 14.25 µA µM^?1 cm^?2.     

An Au/Si hetero-nanorod-based biosensor for Salmonella detection

We present a novel and effective food-borne bacteria detection method. A hetero-structured silicon/gold nanorod array fabricated by the glancing angle deposition method is functionalized with anti-Salmonella antibodies and organic dye molecules. Due to the high aspect ratio nature of the Si nanorods, dye molecules attached to the Si nanorods produce an enhanced fluorescence upon capture and detection of Salmonella. This bio-functional hetero-nanorod detection method has great potential in the food safety industry as well as in biomedical diagnostics.     

A Novel Immunosensor Based on Au Nanoparticles and Polyaniline/Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes/Chitosan Nanocomposite Film Functionalized Interface

Nano-Micro Letters - A novel multilayer film based on Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) and polyaniline/carboxylated multiwall carbon nanotubes-chitosan nanocomposite (PANI/MWCNTs/CS) was exploited to...     

An electrochemical method for making enzyme microsensors. Application to the detection of dopamine and glutamate

A novel method of microbiosensor fabrication is described. It is based on the electrochemical polymerization of an enzyme-amphiphilic pyrroleammonium solution on the surface of a microelectrode in the absence of supporting electrolyte. By trapping glutamate oxidase (GMO) or polyphenol oxidase (PPO) in such polypyrrole films, we made microbiosensors for the amperometric determination of glutamate or dopamine, respectively. The response of the GMO microelectrode to glutamate was based on the amperometric detection of the enzymically generated hydrogen peroxide at 0.6 V vs SCE. The detection limit and sensitivity of this microbiosensor were 1 μM and 32 mA M(-1) cm(-2), respectively. The response of the PPO microelectrode to dopamine was based on the amperometric detection of the enzymically generated quinoid product at -0.2 V. The calibration range for dopamine measurement was 5 × 10(-8)-8 × 10(-5) M and the detection limit and sensitivity were 5 × 10(-8) M and 59 mA M(-1) cm(-2), respectively.