RGO/ZnO纳米棒复合材料的合成及光催化性能

采用水热合成法制备ZnO纳米棒及RGO/ZnO纳米棒复合材料。研究不同含量的RGO对RGO/ZnO纳米棒复合材料光催化活性的影响。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射电子显微镜(FESEM)、光电子能谱仪(XPS)及漫反射紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)检测手段对RGO/ZnO进行表征。结果显示:RGO与ZnO纳米棒成功复合。加入GO的含量不同,获得的RGO/ZnO样品在可见光区域的吸光度值不同。以甲基橙作为模拟污染物的光催化结果表明,RGO/ZnO复合材料具有高的紫外-可见光光降解效率,加入GO与ZnO的质量比为3%时,样品紫外-可见光光催化性能最佳,120min内甲基橙基本可以完全降解;且在波长大于400nm可见光照射下,RGO/ZnO具有一定的可见光活性,180min内其降解甲基橙效率最大可达26.2%。同时,RGO/ZnO具有较好的光稳定性。     

rGO/ZnO纳米复合材料的制备及其光催化降解性能及机理研究

采用一锅法制备具有可见光活性的还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)/ZnO纳米复合材料,将其应用于光催化降解罗丹明B(RhB),并获得了优异的降解效果。结果表明：该复合材料具有六方纤锌矿结构,rGO均匀包覆在ZnO上,表面光滑呈现出颗粒及不规则片状。rGO/ZnO对RhB的降解率为97.8%,催化活性优于单独的ZnO。自由基捕获实验表明,光催化降解RhB的活性物种主要是·OH^-和·O^-₂,并由此推测了光催化降解机理。     

RGO/ABS/EPDM复合材料的制备及性能研究

采用改进的Hummer法合成氧化石墨烯(GO),将GO进行热还原得到还原氧化石墨烯(RGO),并通过直接熔融密炼法制备石墨烯/丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯/三元乙丙橡胶(RGO/ABS/EPDM)复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪、四探针法等分析手段对复合材料表面形貌、微观结构、导电性能和力学性能进行了表征。结果表明:RGO优先分散于丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯聚合物(ABS)中,且热还原得到的RGO有效地提高了复合材料的力学性能和导电性能; RGO添加量为2. 5%(wt,质量分数,下同)时,复合材料拉伸强度提高74. 8%,缺口冲击强度提高4. 6%; RGO添加量为1. 5%时,复合材料缺口冲击强度最大,提高19. 8%;随着RGO添加量的增加,复合材料电阻率逐渐下降,当RGO添加量达到2. 5%时,复合材料电阻率下降趋势变缓。     

电化学制备石墨烯/纳米TiO2复合材料及光催化性能

在恒定直流下,采用高纯石墨棒为原料,混合无机酸溶液为电解液,采用一步电化学剥离法制备石墨烯（G）,所制备的G可稳定分散在N,N-二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）溶液中。以钛酸丁脂和G为前驱物,采用溶胶-凝胶法在N₂氛围和高温加热下制备出G/nano TiO₂复合光催化材料;利用XRD、FTIR、紫外-可见分光光度计（UV-Vis）、XPS、SEM和TEM等技术对G和G/nano TiO₂复合材料进行了结构性能及微观形态表征。以3,5-二硝基水杨酸（DNS）为探针物,研究了在缺氧的水体中G/nano TiO₂不同投加量的光催化效率与DNS降解机制。结果表明：采用恒压一步电化学剥离法所制备的G层与层之间剥离程度良好,片层通透性较高,六碳环上生成的含氧活性基团较少,G共轭π键结构保持良好;所制备的G/nano TiO₂复合材料中TiO₂结晶良好,颗粒紧密结合,且被固定在有褶皱的G上;降解实验发现,G/nano TiO₂复合材料具有降解DNS良好性能,且投加量对其光催化活性有直接的影响;在缺氧状态下,DNS主要发生光催化还原反应,使苯环上的硝基还原成氨基,生成5-氨基水杨酸和苯三酚等中间产物,部分发生光催化氧化反应,生成CO₂和H₂O。     

两步水热法制备BiOCl-RGO纳米复合材料及其光催化性能

用两步水热法合成了BiOCl-RGO复合材料。先在乙二醇和去离子水的混合溶液中合成直径约为400 nm、由纳米片构成的微球状单一BiOCl样品,在此基础上引入RGO载体制备出BiOCl-RGO纳米复合材料。使用Raman光谱、XRD、XPS等手段表征样品的物相构成,用SEM和TEM观测其微观形貌,通过降解甲基橙评定样品的光催化性能。结果表明,水热温度显著影响复合材料的光催化性能,在140℃制备的BiOCl和石墨烯结合的样品具有最高的光催化性能。     

ZnS/还原氧化石墨烯复合材料的制备及光催化性能

水热法一步合成ZnS/还原氧化石墨烯（ZnS/RGO）复合材料,通过XRD、FTIR、Raman、SEM分析溶剂（乙醇、水）对ZnS/RGO复合材料形貌和结构的影响。结果表明,以乙醇为溶剂制备的ZnS颗粒尺寸小、均匀分散在石墨烯片层上,在形成ZnS纳米颗粒的同时将氧化石墨烯（GO）还原成石墨烯。对亚甲基蓝（MB）的光催化结果显示,ZnS/RGO复合材料具有优异的光催化性能,其光催化速率是纯ZnS颗粒的3.7倍,石墨烯作为优良光生电子的传输通道和收集体能够降低光生电子-空穴对的重新结合率,极大提高了ZnS/RGO复合材料的光催化性能。      

石墨烯/纳米TiO2复合材料的制备及其光催化性能

以氧化石墨烯（GO）和钛酸四丁酯（Ti（OBu）₄）作为初始反应物,采用乙醇溶剂热法合成了石墨烯/纳米TiO₂复合材料,并利用XRD、FE-SEM、TEM、RAMAN和XPS等手段对石墨烯/纳米TiO₂复合材料的晶体结构、形貌及元素形态等性质进行了表征,同时将复合材料应用于光催化降解甲基橙溶液,进行光催化性能评价。结果表明：Ti（OBu）₄在乙醇溶剂中通过化学静电引力吸附到GO表面,经过溶剂热反应,GO被还原成石墨烯的同时,石墨烯的表面负载生长锐钛矿TiO₂颗粒。随着溶剂热反应时间的延长,GO表面的活性基团减少,还原更加彻底,同时TiO₂晶粒有一定的增大趋势;与纯TiO₂相比,石墨烯/纳米TiO₂复合材料光催化活性明显提高,石墨烯含量对复合材料的光催化活性有直接的影响。     

ZnO-石墨烯复合材料的制备及其光催化降解性能研究

采用溶剂热法,制备了一系列不同还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)含量(0,2％,4％,6％和8％(质量分数))的ZnO-石墨烯复合材料.通过XRD、SEM、PL等方法对复合材料样品进行了表征.结果表明,所有掺杂RGO的复合材料样品均没有改变ZnO的结构;纯ZnO样品为圆球状颗粒,晶粒尺寸约为40 nm,掺入RGO后,样品的晶粒尺...     

ZnO-TiO_2纳米复合材料的制备及光催化性能研究

以工业级偏钛酸、醋酸锌和尿素为原料,采用一步均匀沉淀法,在600℃、2h条件下,成功制备出ZnO-TiO2纳米复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测试手段对反应产物进行了分析。实验结果表明,400℃时,只有锐钛型TiO2的衍射峰;500℃时,开始出现ZnO的衍射峰;600℃以上,开始出现金红石型TiO2和ZnTiO3的衍射峰,并且随着煅烧温度的升高,衍射峰强度逐渐增强。600℃制备的复合粉体结晶完整,无明显团聚现象,颗粒呈球形或类球形,平均粒径在20nm左右。复合粉体表面主要由Zn、Ti、O和C4种元素组成,Zn和Ti元素主要以ZnO、TiO2和Zn-TiO3形式存在。在室内自然光条件下,ZnO-TiO2纳米复合材料可以在一定程度上降解甲基橙。     

石墨烯/纳米TiO_2复合材料的制备及光催化还原性能

为探索超声辅助下利用紫外光及耦合热还原工艺制备RGO/纳米TiO_2复合材料的方法,并对其在缺氧水体中的光催化还原特性进行研究,首先,以鳞片石墨为原料,采用改进的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯(GO),进而通过超声/紫外光还原工艺制备了还原氧化石墨烯(RGO);然后,以钛酸丁脂和RGO为前驱物,采用溶胶-凝胶法并在氮气保护下高温加热制备了RGO/纳米TiO_2复合光催化材料;接着,利用FTIR、XRD、BET及紫外-可见光谱等对RGO/纳米TiO_2复合材料进行了结构性能表征;最后,以2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)为探针物,研究了RGO/纳米TiO_2在缺氧水体中的光催化特性与2,4-D降解机制。结果表明:采用低温氧化Hummers法制备的GO六碳环上生成的活性基团较少,采用超声/紫外光还原工艺及耦合高温热还原工艺可使环状结构得到良好的修复;所制备的RGO/纳米TiO_2复合材料具有良好的2,4-D降解能力,在缺氧状态下,2,4-D主要发生光催化还原反应,脱除苯环上的氯,产生氯酚、邻苯三酚及间苯三酚等中间产物,部分2,4-D被氧化降解生成CO_2和H_2O。制备的RGO/纳米TiO_2复合材料具有良好的光催化还原性能。     

氧化锌/氧化镁纳米复合材料的制备及其光催化性能研究

采用微波辅助共沉淀法制备了纳米氧化锌/氧化镁(ZnO/MgO)光催化剂,并对催化剂样品进行了X射线衍射、透射电镜、红外光谱以及紫外-可见吸收光谱等表征。以亚甲基蓝(MB)为目标降解物对不同锌镁比的ZnO/MgO催化剂样品及相同方法下合成的ZnO及MgO进行光催化降解实验。结果表明:合成的纳米ZnO/MgO光催化剂由立方相的ZnO和非晶相的MgO组成,其尺寸均匀,在40nm左右,并在紫外区域吸收性能良好。光催化降解MB实验表明,锌镁比为2∶1时ZnO/MgO催化剂的光催化性能最佳。     

Preparation of ZnO/graphene heterojunction via high temperature and its photocatalytic property

This paper introduces a novel electrochemical route for preparing the ZnO/graphene heterojunction composite via high temperature. This process includes: (1) depositing the electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) on ITO glass via cyclic voltammetry; (2) pulse plating a zinc (Zn) layer on the ERGO; (3) thermally treating the Zn/ERGO composite and “in situ” to obtain the ZnO/ERGO composite. SEM characterizations revealed that the Zinc Oxide (ZnO) particles were homogenously distributed on the surface of graphene sheets. XRD and Raman spectra found a ZnCO₃ phase in the ZnO/ERGO composite, which demonstrated that when the Zn film transformed into ZnO particles during thermal treatment, Zn also reacted with graphene and formed a ZnCO₃ intermediate layer at the interface between ZnO and ERGO via short-range diffusion. Compared with the heterojunction formed from regular chemical route, the present process provided a tight contact and combination between ZnO and ERGO, which eventually led to a heterojunction between ZnO and graphene sheets. This heterojunction exhibited great improvement for separation efficiency of photo-generate electron–hole pairs. Experimental results of ultraviolet–visible (UV–Vis) light catalysis demonstrated that the photocatalytic activity of the ZnO/ERGO composite had been greatly improved, and exhibited a value of three times higher than that of pure ZnO.     

Preparation and photocatalytic performance of CuO/GO heterojunction nanocomposite

Recently, solar photocatalytic technology has proved to be an effective way to solve the problems of environmental pollution and energy shortage due to its green environmental protection and fast degradation rate. In this paper, a simple microwave hydrothermal method is used to prepare a novel CuO/GO heterojunction composite photocatalyst, and its chemical composition, microstructure, physicochemical properties, photothermal conversion, and photocatalytic properties are studied. The results show that the addition of GO in the CuO/GO nanocomposite photocatalyst not only effectively reduces the agglomeration of CuO nanoparticles but also makes it exhibit better photocatalytic activity than pure nano-CuO. The degradation rate of MB increased by 39.48% at 120 min of light, and as high as 94.1% at 180 min, mainly due to the construction of heterojunction at the interface and the synergistic promotion effect of light and heat. The internal mechanism of light and heat synergistic catalysis is revealed. This paper not only proposes a low-cost and efficient CuO/GO light-heat composite photocatalyst but also provides new ideas for subsequent researchers to design and prepare nanocomposite photocatalysts.

     

CuS nanoflowers prepared by a polyol route and their photocatalytic property

CuS nanoflowers with a specific surface area of 18.8 m²/g were prepared through a rapid polyol route at 140 °C for 90 min, and characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-vis spectrum and BET surface area. The formation of CuS nanoflowers is proposed to experience an aggregation and growth process. The photocatalytic activity of CuS nanoflowers was investigated by decomposing Rhodamine B at atmosphere and the result shows that the photocatalytic activity under halogen lamp irradiation is comparable to that of Degussa P25 TiO₂.     

苯并噁嗪/POSS纳米复合材料的合成与性能研究

以双酚A、多聚甲醛、11-氨基十一酸和环氧化POSS为原料合成了苯并噁嗪-POSS纳米复合材料。采用傅里叶红外光谱、差示扫描量热仪和热重分析分别对其结构、热固化行为和热稳定性进行表征。结果表明:随着POSS含量的增加,其固化起始温度和终止温度呈下降趋势,苯并噁嗪树脂的热稳定性能随之提高,当POSS含量为5%时,双酚A-POSS苯并噁嗪树脂的残炭量达到最大为23.0%。     

Cu/ZnO复合材料的制备及光催化性能研究

采用化学沉积法,在纳米ZnO种子的表面沉积金属Cu纳米颗粒合成复合材料。利用XRD、FESEM、TEM和TGA对样品成分、形貌和结构进行了表征分析,并测试了样品的光催化性能。结果表明,Cu纳米颗粒成功负载于ZnO纳米粒子表面。对于Cu与ZnO合成的复合催化剂,金属Cu的含量有一个最佳的范围,此时催化剂的光催化性能优于纯ZnO。当Cu2+的加入量为38.6%(质量分数)时,复合颗粒的光催化性能在紫外光和可见光光源下均达到最优。     

pH值敏感介孔纳米复合材料SBA-15/PAA的制备与性能研究

通过浸渍吸附的方法将pH值敏感的功能单体-丙烯酸引入到介孔二氧化硅SBA-15的孔道内,经自由基聚合使丙烯酸(AA)在孔道内聚合,成功合成了pH值敏感的SBA-15/聚丙烯酸(PAA)纳米复合材料,所得纳米复合材料的结构通过XRD、TEM、氮气吸附/脱附、TG、FT-IR等手段进行了表征,并进行了pH敏感性能研究.结果表明,当聚合物(PAA)的量达到20%左右时,复合材料仍然具有较大的孔体积0.5203cm3/g和较高的比表面积334.5m2/g.聚合反应的发生没有破坏SBA-15的有序介孔结构,这种纳米复合材料初步显示出了pH敏感性.这种具有高比表面的pH值响应介孔纳米复合材料,有望在药物缓释领域得到应用.     

In3+-doped CuS thin films: physicochemical characteristics and photocatalytic property

Semiconducting Indium-doped copper sulfide thin films were deposited on glass substrate by a simple and economical chemical bath deposition technique. The depositions were carried out for 40 min. The electrical studies namely resistivity, resistance, and sheet resistance of CuS and CuS: In were carried out using four-point probe apparatus. The structural, optical, and morphological characterization were studied and compared with those of CuS: In with the bare CuS thin films. XRD studies confirmed that all the prepared thin films have the hexagonal structure of copper sulfide without any secondary phase after doping and the crystallite size was found to be decrease from 69 to 53 nm. Optical absorption analysis of samples shows a red-shift in the band edge of In: CuS thin films relative to CuS film so that the bandgap energy was decreased from 1.95 eV to 1.86 eV. The functional groups present in the CuS and In: CuS samples were confirmed by FTIR and FT-Raman frequency assignments. Morphological studies of CuS and CuS: In are interpreted using SEM and constituents present in the prepared thin films are viewed by EDS. Further the photocatalytic properties of the prepared films were studied by degrading methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RhB) textile dyes. Maximum degradation efficiency achieved by the photocatalyst is to be 95% and 93% respectively for MB and RhB.

     

空心柱状CuS的制备及其降解染料性能

以硝酸铜、硫代硫酸钠为原料,采用沉淀法制备空心柱状CuS。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和傅里叶红外光谱测定仪(FT-IR)对所制备的空心柱状CuS的形貌及物相进行表征。同时,以甲基橙染料(MO)为目标污染物,研究空心柱状CuS的降解性能。结果表明:所制备的空心柱状CuS由CuS纳米片组装而成,其直径在400nm,长度为2.0μm左右。空心柱状CuS与H_2O_2组成的类芬顿体系对染料具有优异的降解能力,110min后甲基橙的降解率可高达86.6%,远优于实心结构CuS对染料的降解能力。     

RGO nanosheets coupled NaNbO3 nanorods based nanocomposite for enhanced photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical water splitting activity

In this present work, reduced graphene oxide (RGO) coupled with hydrothermally grown sodium niobate nanorods (NaNbO₃-NRs) have been successfully synthesized. The photocatalytic performance of RGO/NaNbO₃-NRs photocatalyst demonstrated faster photodegradation of organic methylene blue (MB) dye than bare NaNbO₃-NRs. A ∼6 fold enhancement in the photocatalytic activity of RGO/NaNbO₃-NRs nanocomposite than that of NaNbO₃-NRs has been demonstrated towards the degradation of MB dye under similar light illumination. Furthermore, the potentiality of the fabricated NaNbO₃-NRs and RGO/NaNbO₃-NRs nanocomposite photoanodes have been investigated for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The fabricated RGO/NaNbO₃-NRs nanocomposite photoanode showed ∼4 times higher photocurrent density than the NaNbO₃-NRs photoanode. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Mott-Schottky (MS) measurements demonstrated that coupling of RGO nanosheets in the RGO/NaNbO₃-NRs nanocomposite reduced the charge transfer resistance (R_ct) at the photoanode/electrolyte interface, increased the donor density (N_d), and reduced flat band potential (V_fb) of the RGO/NaNbO₃-NRs, thus significantly improving the PEC performance of the RGO/NaNbO₃-NRs nanocomposite. The enhancement in the PEC measurements of RGO/NaNbO₃-NRs nanocomposite is attributed to the extended absorption of the visible portion of the solar spectra and increased mobility of the photogenerated charge transport in the RGO nanosheets, which improve the separation efficiency and reduce the recombination process. The possible charge transfer mechanism has been proposed responsible for the enhanced photocatalytic and PEC water splitting performance.