纳米SnO2基气敏元件对甲醛气体的检测

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米SnO2粉末,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)以及原子力显微镜(AFM)对材料的晶体结构及晶粒尺寸进行了表征.采用制备的纳米SnO2作为基底材料,掺杂纳米TiO2粉末(SnO2与TiO2的物质的量之比为9:1)以及少量的Ag+(物质的量百分比为0.2%～0.4%),以此材料制成气敏元件,检测了元件的甲醛气敏性能.结果表明:该元件在工作温度为300℃时,对200×10-6的甲醛具有较好的敏感性,在不同的工作温度下,元件表现出良好的气敏选择性.理论计算表明,气体分子轨道能量的差异是元件气敏选择性的定性因素.     

In2O3纳米孔材料的制备及其甲醛气敏性能研究

以In(NO3)3·4.5H2O为主要原料,采用溶剂热法成功地制备出In2O3纳米孔材料.采用X射线粉末衍射、透射电子显微镜等对样品的物相和形貌进行了表征和分析,并系统研究了其气敏性能.结果表明,成功合成的六方相In2O3纳米孔材料,其孔径小于17nm,孔道形状复杂且相互连通,以该材料制成的气敏元件对甲醛有很好的气敏性能,对50×10-6甲醛的灵敏度高达23.6.     

纳米SnO2基气敏元件对甲醛气体的检测（英文）

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米SnO2粉末,利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)以及原子力显微镜(AFM)对材料的晶体结构及晶粒尺寸进行了表征.采用制备的纳米SnO2作为基底材料,掺杂纳米TiO2粉末(SnO2与TiO2的物质的量之比为9∶1)以及少量的Ag+(物质的量百分比为0.2%~0.4%),以此材料制成气敏元件,检测了元件的甲醛气敏性能.结果表明:该元件在工作温度为300℃时,对200×10-6的甲醛具有较好的敏感性,在不同的工作温度下,元件表现出良好的气敏选择性.理论计算表明,气体分子轨道能量的差异是元件气敏选择性的定性因素.     

掺杂钼对TiO2—x薄膜氧敏性能的影响

以钛酸丁酯为原料，无水乙醇为溶剂，添加适量稳定剂制成稳定溶胶，用浸涂法在Al2O3基片上制备TiO2薄膜，经1000℃H2下不制得TiO2-x薄膜，在钼酸铵溶胶中一定时间得到掺钼薄膜，实验结果表明掺钼薄膜元件在800℃下的氧敏感性和重复性比未掺杂时提高，TiO2-x薄膜的电阻温度稳定性好，通过对薄膜的XPS分析探讨了钼在薄膜中的作用机理。     

厚度与工作温度对TiO2薄膜气敏性能的影响

采用浸渍提拉法工艺在印制有金电极的Al2O3基片上制备了TiO2薄膜,并对不同厚度及工作温度下TiO2薄膜的气敏性能作了研究.结果显示,当TiO2气敏薄膜的工作温度一定时,存在一个最佳厚度,在该厚度下TiO2薄膜对H2具有最佳的气敏响应;当TiO2薄膜的厚度一定时,TiO2薄膜存在一个最佳工作温度,在该温度下TiO2薄膜对H2的气敏响应最为灵敏.XPS测试表明,TiO2薄膜经过H2氛围后,薄膜中吸附氧含量降低.利用TiO2薄膜表面吸附氧与H2的反应、薄膜对H2的吸附与脱附理论、电子的迁移等过程较为合理地解释了TiO2薄膜对H2的气敏响应.     

Fe掺杂NiO纳米花状微球的制备及其气敏性能研究

采用水热法成功制备了Fe掺杂NiO纳米花状微球,研究了Fe掺杂量对微球结构、形貌和气敏性能的影响。气敏实验结果表明:Fe掺杂NiO纳米微球基气敏元件对丙酮的气敏性能较纯相NiO显著提高;当Fe掺杂量为0.03g时,气敏器件在工作温度为280℃,丙酮质量浓度为3.7×10~(-4) mg/L条件下,气体灵敏度为41.8,是相同条件下未掺杂NiO基气敏元件的12倍,该气敏元件在检测低浓度丙酮气体时也表现出优异的性能。     

氧化钨纳米线敏感膜对CO气体的气敏性能

采用丝网印刷法制备了氧化钨纳米线敏感膜,系统研究了不同热处理温度下敏感膜的结构、形貌以及对CO气体的气敏性能.结果表明,氧化钨纳米线敏感膜具有较高的结构稳定性,经450℃热处理后其结晶取向和结构均未发生变化;热处理温度的升高有助于提高敏感膜的晶化程度,同时导致其表面的氧化钨纳米棒逐渐变短、变粗直至消失,并最终形成较大的纳米颗粒;经300℃热处理的敏感膜在300℃时对1×10 叫CO气体具有最佳的气敏性能,其灵敏度为17.64,响应时间为8s,恢复时间为16s.     

Ag-LaFeO3的制备及甲醛气敏性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法结合微波化学法制备了Ag-LaFeO3气敏材料。利用热分析(TG-DSC)、X射线衍射(XRD)以及傅里叶变换红外光谱法(FT-IR)对其进行了分析和表征。结果显示所制备的样品为正交钙钛矿结构,含有Ag和LaFeO3两种物相。气敏测试结果表明,当AgNO3与La(NO3)3的摩尔比为1:9时所制备的Ag-LaFeO3元件对1.0×10-6甲醛气体的灵敏度和选择性均优于其它摩尔比的元件,响应恢复时间均约为180s。     

SnO_2-TiO_2的制备及气敏性能研究

以SnCl4·5H2O和钛酸四丁脂为原料,采用Sol-Gel法制备SnO2-TiO2材料。运用XRD、TEM对SnO2-TiO2粉体的物相、形貌和结构进行表征。并测试其气敏性能。实验结果表明:SnO2-TiO2纳米粉体在3.5 V加热电压下对100 ppm乙醇的灵敏度为464.116。     

TiO2—K2O—Y2O3—SiO2陶瓷薄膜结露元件的制备及其湿敏性能研究

采用淀粉产法制备了ＴｉＯ２－Ｋ２Ｏ－Ｙ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２（Ｔｉ：Ｋ：Ｙ：Ｓｉ＝１：０．１＋０．０４＋０．０５,摩尔比）陶瓷薄膜结露元件,研究了陶瓷粉末和薄膜的结构以及元件的感湿性能。６００℃热处理后,陶瓷粉末和薄膜主要由锐钛矿型Ｔdisplay status     

Preparation of PS/TiO2 core-shell microspheres and TiO2 hollow shells

PS/TiO₂ core-shell microspheres were prepared by a hydro-thermal method at 105°C. Different-sized PS/TiO₂ core-shell microspheres were obtained with various PS cores, which were prepared by emulsion polymerization and seeds polymerization. Furthermore, intact hollow TiO₂ shells with different shell thickness were obtained by calcining PS/TiO₂ core-shell microspheres at 600°C. Light scattering of core-shell microspheres and hollow shells was tested.     

TiO2-B/anatase core-shell heterojunction nanowires for photocatalysis

Fast separation and spatial control of electrons and holes after photogeneration is important in photocatalysis. Ideally, after photogeneration, electrons and holes must be segregated to different parts of the photocatalyst to take part in separate oxidation and reduction reactions. One way to achieve this is by building junctions into the catalyst with built-in chemical potential differences that tend to separate the electron and the hole into two different regions of the catalyst. In this work, we sought to accomplish this by controllably forming junctions between different phases of TiO(2). A synthesis method has been developed to prepare TiO(2)-B core and anatase shell core-shell nanowires. We control the anatase phase surface coverage on the TiO(2)-B core and show that the maximum photocatalytic activity is obtained when the solution containing the reactants can contact both the anatase and TiO(2)-B phases. The photocatalytic activity drops both with bare TiO(2)-B nanowires and with completely anatase covered TiO(2)-B nanowires. In contrast, nanowires partially covered with anatase phase gives the highest photocatalytic activity. The improved photocatalytic activity is attributed to the effective electron-hole separation at the junction between the anatase and TiO(2)-B phases.     

CdSe@CdS core-shell quantum dot-polymer multilayer sensitized TiO2 for photovoltaics

Colloidal CdSe@CdS core-shell quantum dots (QDs) have been prepared and exploited as inorganic dyes to sensitize a large-band-gap TiO2 layer for QD-sensitized solar cells. The sensitized films were prepared by alternating the layer-by-layer deposition of water-soluble semiconductor QDs and polycations over mesoscopic TiO2 films. The multilayer build-up, monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy shows an increase in the film absorbance with the number of adsorbed CdSe@CdS layers. The photoluminescence (PL) and photoelectrochemical properties of the multilayers were investigated. The photovoltaic performance of QD-sensitized solar cells is strongly dependent on the film structure and component. The incorporation of the electron mediators of [Co(Phen)3]2+ during the deposition process remarkably enhanced the photocurrent intensity in comparison to that in case of QD/polyelectrolyte multilayers.     

新型神经调控用TiO2-Au光电转换纳米复合物性能研究

本文提出了一种基于光电转换纳米复合物(NCs)的新型神经调控方式。NCs是TiO₂纳米晶表面连接金纳米粒子的复合物, 可产生光电流并有效引发神经细胞去极化。在405 nm光照射下, NCs产生的光电流比单一TiO₂纳米晶产生的光电流强度显著提高。PC12细胞上的膜电位荧光探针和钙离子荧光探针测试结果显示, 在405 nm光照下, 经NCs处理的细胞发生去极化。在活体抗癫痫实验中进一步证明, NCs产生的光电流可明显减轻斑马鱼的癫痫发作。本研究结果表明NCs可进行神经调控, 对神经疾病的治疗具有重要意义。     

FeS2/TiO2复合薄膜光电性能

采用溶液浸渍法在ITO导电玻璃表面的多孔TiO2薄膜上沉积了FeS2薄膜.使用Fe2O3粉末保护裸露在外的ITO导电膜在硫气氛中热处理后,制得了FeS2/TiO2复合薄膜.应用B531/H数显测厚指示表、数字式四探针测试仪、XJCM-8太阳电池测试仪等研究了FeS2/TiO2复合薄膜的厚度、ITO导电玻璃的电阻率以及FeS2/TiO2复合薄膜的光电性能.结果表明：此方法制得的FeS2/TiO2复合薄膜具有良好的光电性能;且ITO导电膜的电阻率变化较小.因而适宜制备色素增感太阳能电池（DSSC）.     

Synthesis and photocatalytic property of metal@SnO2 core-shell structure nanocomposites

A simple soft-chemical technique for processing of metal@SnO2 nanocomposites with core-shell morphology is reported. In the present technique metal nanoparticles are prepared by chemical reduction technique followed by deposition of tin dioxide. Thus a core-shell type structure is produced. The phase and morphology has been investigated by X-ray diffraction technique (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As prepared Au@SnO2 and Ag@SnO2 core-shell nanocomposites have shown distinct surface Plasmon band in the UV-visible spectrum at 540 nm and 400 nm respectively. The core-shell morphology is confirmed from the TEM images. XRD patterns have suggested the presence of noble metal and tin dioxide in the Cassiterite form. These metal@SnO2 nanocomposites have been successfully used for the photocatalytic oxidation of acetaldehyde. Our investigations suggest that presence of noble metal core in contact with tin dioxide shell enhances the photocatalytic activity of the material.     

MnO2/CMSs复合材料的制备及其电化学性能

采用0.1 mol/L的KMnO4和0.1 mol/L的HNO3对化学气相沉积法合成的碳微球(CMSs)进行氧化后,在CMSs表面包覆MnO2层得到MnO2/CMSs复合材料,用H2C2O4洗涤MnO2/CMSs复合材料得到氧化CMSs。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、高分辨透射电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪等对产物的形貌和结构进行表征,观察了氧化前后CMSs在水和乙醇中的分散性,并采用循环伏安法测试了MnO2/CMSs复合材料的电化学性能。结果表明:经KMnO4和HNO3处理的CMSs表面包覆有MnO2层,MnO2的负载率约为60%。MnO2/CMSs复合材料在中性溶液中有一定的电容性能;经H2C2O4洗涤后得到氧化CMSs,其表面引入了含氧官能团,使其在水和乙醇中均表现出良好的分散性。     

Photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde by nanostructured TiO2 composite films

Interest in the photocatalytic oxidation of formaldehyde from contaminated wastewater is growing rapidly. The photocatalytic activity of the nanocrystalline Fe³⁺/F^? co-doped TiO₂–SiO₂ composite film for the degradation of formaldehyde solution under visible light was discussed in this study. The films were characterised by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface area, UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. The FE-SEM results revealed that the Fe³⁺/F^? co-doped TiO₂–SiO₂ film was composed of uniform round-like nanoparticles or aggregates with the size range of 5–10 nm. The XRD results indicated that only the anatase phase was observed in the film. Compared with a pure TiO₂ film and a singly modified TiO₂ film, the Fe³⁺/F^? co-doped TiO₂–SiO₂ composite film showed the best photocatalytic properties due to its strong visible light adsorption and diminished electrons-holes recombination.     

Photoelectric properties of TiO2-ZrO2 thin films prepared by sol-gel method

Acidic sols of TiO2, ZrO2 and Ti-Zr mixed oxide precursors were prepared. The sols were then smeared on quartz substrate and annealed at 650 degrees C for 2 hour to form polycrystalline oxide films. XRD, SEM, UV-visible absorption spectra and XPS were carried out to characterize the films. It was found that the crystalline phase of pure titania is an anatase and pure zirconia is a tetragonal. The binary oxides show the anatase phase at the molar ratio of Ti:Zr = 2.73:1, which means that solid solution was formed. The absorption edge of the TiO2-ZrO2 binary oxides showed obvious blue shift as the Zr ratio increased. The results obtained indicate that the band gap of the binary oxides could be adjusted from 3.2 eV (TiO2) to 7.8 eV (ZrO2) by varying the molar ratio of Ti and Zr. Au interdigitated electrodes were produced by planar technology and MSM (metal-semiconductor-metal) structure UV detector based on TiO2-ZrO2 binary oxides was fabricated. Obvious photoelectric response was observed.     

Magnetic and fluorescent core-shell nanoparticles for ratiometric pH sensing

This paper describes the preparation of nanoparticles composed of a magnetic core surrounded by two successive silica shells embedding two fluorophores, showing uniform nanoparticle size (50-60 nm in diameter) and shape, which allow ratiometric pH measurements in the pH range 5-8. Uncoated iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (～10 nm in diameter) were formed by the coprecipitation reaction of ferrous and ferric salts. Then, they were added to a water-in-oil microemulsion where the hydrophilic silica shells were obtained through hydrolysis and condensation of tetraethoxyorthosilicate together with the corresponding silylated dye derivatives-a sulforhodamine was embedded in the inner silica shell and used as the reference dye while a pH-sensitive fluorescein was incorporated in the outer shell as the pH indicator. The magnetic nanoparticles were characterized using vibrating sample magnetometry, dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The relationship between the analytical parameter, that is, the ratio of fluorescence between the sensing and reference dyes versus the pH was adjusted to a sigmoidal fit using a Boltzmann type equation giving an apparent pK(a) value of 6.8. The fluorescence intensity of the reference dye did not change significantly (～3.0%) on modifying the pH of the nanoparticle dispersion. Finally, the proposed method was statistically validated against a reference procedure using samples of water and physiological buffer with 2% of horse serum, indicating that there are no significant statistical differences at a 95% confidence level.