用异辛醇和苯酚合成辛基酚

以异辛醇和苯酚在浓硫酸作用下合成辛基酚，采用正交试验法，优选出反应最佳工艺条件：反应温度，１３０￣１３５℃；反应时间，５￣６ｈ；催化剂用量约为苯酚物质的量的０．３；投产比１：０．９５￣１．０５。收率大于８７％（基于苯酚）。     

逆转喷射乳化法制备石蜡分散松香胶

研究了逆转喷射乳化法制备石蜡分散松香胶的新方法，乳化剂可选用甲磺酸钠类阴离子表面活性剂和非离子表面活性剂进行复配，乳化剂用量为６％￣８％；水温为６０￣７０℃；油温为１２５￣１３５℃；抄纸时松香胶的用量为绝干浆的０．８％￣１．０％；ｐＨ值为４．５￣５．５；明矾用量为石蜡松香胶的４￣７倍；施胶度为１．０￣１．２。     

相转移催化法合成苯甲醚新工艺

通过相转移催化法合成苯甲醚新工艺,苯酚钠与一氯甲烷在相转移催化剂催化下合成了苯甲醚。最佳的反应条件为：苯酚与氢氧化钠摩尔比为1：1～2,苯酚与-氯甲烷摩尔为1：1．2～3,反应温度70～80℃,压力1．0～2．0MPa,反应时间4～8h,相转移催化剂的用量为苯酚重量的0．01％,苯甲醚的收率可达95％以上。     

合成苯甲醚的新工艺

以碳酸二甲酯代替硫酸二甲酯作甲基化剂，在ＮａＸ 型分子筛催化剂上与苯酚发生气相反应合成苯甲醚；并自制了相应的小试装置，获得这一新工艺的最佳反应条件：苯酚与碳酸二甲酯物质的量比为１∶１，反应温度为２８０ ℃，平均停留时间为６ ｓ，苯甲醚的收率可达８４－３％ 。     

ZA23高铝锌基合金的铸造

采用普通金属材料的精炼和变质处理工艺，在燃油坩埚炉中熔炼出了２１％￣２７％Ａｌ；２．０％￣３．０％Ｃｕ；０．０１％￣０．０３５％Ｍｇ；杂质≤０．１９％，砂型铸态机械性能；σｂ：４１０￣３６２ＭＰａ；σｓ：３６９￣３１６ＭＰａ，δｓ：１１．３％￣２．５％；ＨＢ：１０９￣９９的ＺＡ２３高铝锌基合金；用粘土砂、手工造型、Ｖ／Ｆ判据和相应的铸造工艺解决了该合金易产生底缩和二次缩孔的难题生产出价值２．９万多     

对氨基苯酚的加氢合成

本文介绍以对硝基苯酚醇相催化加氢合成对胺基苯酚的最佳反应条件。表明在氢压０．８￣１．２ＭＰａ温度１００￣１３０℃范围,加入甲醇等有机溶剂,对胺基苯酚的合成收率９２％,催化剂和乙醇可回收套用多次。     

Tritonx—80—OP—BaSO4浓度法对煤焦中总硫的测定研究

研究了用浊度法对煤焦中总硫的测定条件及方法，Ｂａ＾２＋和ＳＯ４＾２－在酸性环境中，Ｔｒｉｔｏｎｘ－８０－ＯＰ混合液存在的条件下，能形成较稳定的均匀分布分散体系，在波长４２０ｎｍ处，用３ｃｍ比色皿，采用可见分光光度计测定吸光度，显色时间为２０ｍｉｎ；检测范围为０．０６￣１．００ｍｇ／５０ｍｌ；ＳＯ４＾２－ｌｋｄ ｎｈ ｙｘ ９０．０￣１０３．３％，样品测定结果标准偏 ０．０１４￣０．０１５。     

高分子量聚异丁烯的合成

研究了以乙烯为稀释剂，三氟化硼为催化剂的异丁烯低温（－１００℃）聚合过程。试验表明，仅在无水乙醇，苯甲醚类活性物质存在下，才能引起聚合；正丁烯、二异丁烯和叔丁基苯酚－硫化物是聚合物分子量的有效调节剂和稳定剂；选用３０％单体浓度，１．５％催化剂用量，借对叔丁基苯酚－硫化物的无水乙醇溶液和二异丁烯的协同调节作用，合成了４种不同分子量的高分子量聚异丁烯。     

气相色谱法测定邻茴香醛

本文选用８％ＯＶ－２１０为固定相,间甲苯酚为内标物,测定邻茴香醛的含量。结果表明,该方法简便快速、准确,标准偏差〈０．１％,回收率为９９．７％￣１０１．０％。     

甘油丁酮缩合反应动力学研究

研究了甘油丁酮缩合反应过程的动力学。结果表明，该反应为正向二级逆向二级的可逆反应；正反应速度远小于逆反应速度；正逆反应的活化能分别为４１．３６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ和５４．６６ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ。在２４℃￣６４℃内平衡常数为０．０８１￣０．０４３。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。