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通过定向凝固、电子探针(EPMA)、Factsage等多种实验与理论计算相结合的手段对中锰耐磨钢凝固过程溶质元素微观偏析行为进行了系统研究.研究表明在定向凝固试验中当拉速为50μm·s-1时,中锰钢的二次枝晶间距平均值为59.77μm;中锰钢凝固过程组织转变为L→L+γ→γ属于奥氏体凝固模式,无包晶反应的发生,也无铁素体相及其他相的出现;中锰钢定向凝固过程中Mn、Cr在枝晶间的含量明显高于枝晶内,表明Mn、Cr元素发生了明显的正偏析行为;通过对各特征参数求解,构建了中锰钢溶质元素微观偏析模型,发现中锰钢定向凝固过程中Mn元素偏析指数与Brody–Flemings模型符合较好,而Cr元素偏析指数与Clyne–Kurz模型分布较为一致. 相似文献
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为了选择正确的微观溶质偏析模型研究铁碳合金的凝固过程,利用Thermo-Calc商业软件计算了不同碳含量下铁碳合金的固相线温度、液相线温度和碳的平衡分配系数,利用数值方法研究了不同微观溶质偏析模型下铁碳合金的固液界面温度和无量纲液相溶质浓度.数值结果表明:文献中常用的碳平衡分配系数不准确;C lyne-Kurz模型和Sche il模型不能准确地预测固液界面温度,B rody-F lem ings模型不能正确地预测碳偏析,建议采用杠杆模型和大中逸雄模型计算铁碳合金凝固过程的微观溶质偏析. 相似文献
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建立了考虑δ/γ相变的GCr15轴承钢大方坯连铸凝固两相区溶质微观偏析模型,并应用于220 mm ×260 mm铸坯的凝固传热。结果表明:通过模型可以获得高碳钢精确的固液相线温度,以及温度与固相率的关系;GCr15轴承钢大方坯凝固过程仅析出γ相,凝固末期S、P和C元素的偏析严重;固相率越大,冷却速率对偏析度的影响更明显;S和P元素含量以及冷却速率对零塑性温度(ZDT)影响较大;采用基于凝固传热模型优化的连铸工艺后,铸坯中心碳偏析指数控制在0.961.05,且铸坯未产生内裂纹。 相似文献
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基于典型微观凝固单元体内的溶质质量守恒,结合前人的研究工作,建立了一个适合于枝晶凝固方式的二元合金微观偏析半解析模型.本模型同时考虑了反向扩散和粗化对微观偏析的影响,并对枝晶臂间距的粗化直接进行计算,因此更为精确.若只考虑反向扩散的影响,本模型可以简化为BF模型形式;而如果只考虑粗化的影响,本模型可简化为Mortensen模型.本模型完整地统一了以BF模型为代表的反向扩散类模型和以Mortensen模型为代表的粗化模型.利用本模型同样可以对多元合金的微观偏析进行很好预测.以Fe-C-X(Si,Mn,P,S)合金体系为例对本模型的求解过程进行了详细的阐述.本模型可以很好地预测Al-4.9%Cu二元合金的共晶分数以及Fe-C-X(Si,Mn,P,S)多元合金体系的零强度温度和零塑性温度,并与实测值吻合良好. 相似文献
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《工程科学学报》2019,(4):461-469
通过构建ND钢连铸坯凝固两相区内溶质的微观偏析模型,不仅研究了C、S和P元素对固液两相区内钢的高温力学参数以及溶质再分配的影响,还对P元素偏析比随冷却速率(CR)的变化规律进行了探究.通过分析模型结果表明:初始C的质量分数在0. 075%~0. 125%之间时,随着初始C含量的增加,P、S元素的偏析加剧,凝固末端温度下降幅度变大,导致脆性温度区间增大;增加P和S元素的初始含量,P、S元素的偏析比降低,但会加剧其在枝晶间残余液相中的富集,直接导致零塑性温度(ZDT)下降; ND钢中的Cu含量低于显著提高裂纹敏感性的临界含量,且凝固过程中Cu元素的偏析比较低,因此在ND钢凝固过程中Cu元素不能主导裂纹的诱发;在一定的冷却速率波动范围内,P元素的偏析比随着冷却速率(CR)的提高略有下降. 相似文献
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通过构建ND钢连铸坯凝固两相区内溶质的微观偏析模型, 不仅研究了C、S和P元素对固液两相区内钢的高温力学参数以及溶质再分配的影响, 还对P元素偏析比随冷却速率(CR) 的变化规律进行了探究.通过分析模型结果表明: 初始C的质量分数在0.075%~0.125%之间时, 随着初始C含量的增加, P、S元素的偏析加剧, 凝固末端温度下降幅度变大, 导致脆性温度区间增大; 增加P和S元素的初始含量, P、S元素的偏析比降低, 但会加剧其在枝晶间残余液相中的富集, 直接导致零塑性温度(ZDT) 下降; ND钢中的Cu含量低于显著提高裂纹敏感性的临界含量, 且凝固过程中Cu元素的偏析比较低, 因此在ND钢凝固过程中Cu元素不能主导裂纹的诱发; 在一定的冷却速率波动范围内, P元素的偏析比随着冷却速率(CR)的提高略有下降. 相似文献
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在建立的连铸三维宏观传输数学模型中,对枝晶凝固微观结构参数的影响效果进行了充分地耦合研究。采用微观偏析半解析模型对浇铸钢种的非平衡凝固路径进行近似确定;采用复合理论方法对两相糊状区的渗透特性加以描述;在确定多孔介质的渗透率时,考虑了枝晶凝固模式的影响效果。应用该三维耦合模型,并结合早前建立的连铸二维传热模型,针对某钢厂方坯连铸机进行了复合数值模拟研究,且研究成果已投入到铸机的实际生产中。现场生产状况表明,仿真结果具有较好的合理性和实用性,说明耦合模型具有良好的仿真精度,可广泛应用于实际连铸过程的数值仿真研究中。 相似文献
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基于Clyne-Kurz的微观偏析公式,以物理试验结果为依据,充分考虑固、液相以及夹杂物之间相互作用,建立第3代汽车钢(TG钢)凝固过程微观偏析耦合模型,研究凝固过程钢液中溶质元素和Al2O3等夹杂物分子的质量分数变化特征。结果表明:在整个凝固过程中,Al2O3分子会不断在液相中生成,但生成量比较少,而SiO2和MnO分子不会在液相中生成;铸坯枝晶间不仅有Al2O3夹杂,还有SiO2和其他复合夹杂,凝固前钢水中夹杂物有待进一步去除;凝固末期液相中MnS析出,大大减小了残余液相中S的质量分数变化,但对Mn的质量分数变化没有明显影响;包晶反应温度为1 487℃,包晶反应后凝固的固相中溶质的质量分数明显高于包晶反应前。 相似文献
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研究了微观偏析的理论模型对碳钢连铸过程中内裂纹的敏感性.模型中考虑了铁素体(δ)凝固向奥氏体(γ)凝固的转化过程,以及MnS的析出.主要讨论了钢中C,Mn,S,P对凝固过程中晶间偏析、零强度温度(ZST)、零塑性温度(ZDT)的影响. 相似文献
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���� ���¿� ���»��� ����ΰ ����� 《钢铁研究学报》2014,26(10):21-25
A 2D temperature model was proposed for heating rules and real-time calculation during heating process on billet reheating furnace, which included furnace temperature calculation along furnace length, billet surface fluxes calculation and conduction calculation inside billet. First, furnace temperature was accomplished according to thermocouple. Then fluxes on the above and below surfaces were calculated by total heat exchange factor method, as well as lateral fluxes. ADI and TDMA algorithms were adopted to calculate billet internal temperature distribution. Validation was carried out by thermocouple experiments and a model system was established in a hot rolling plant to provide appropriate heating rules and real-time temperature prediction. It shows precision and responsibility during reheating furnace production. 相似文献
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小方坯连铸结晶器钢水液面自动控制仪的研究应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在连铸生产工艺中,结晶器中钢水液面的波动必须保持在一定范围内,否则将直接影响拉坯质量,造成拉漏事故,采用钢水液面控制仪,可将结晶器的钢水稳定在一定的范围内,大大提高高拉坯质量,避免拉漏现象的发生。 相似文献
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Mathematical Model for Electroslag Remelting Process 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
A mathematical model, including electromagnetic field equation, fluid flow equation, and temperature field equation, was established for the simulation of the electroslag remelting process. The distribution of temperature field was obtained by solving this model. The relationship between the local solidification time and the interdendritic spacing during the ingot solidification process was established, which has been regarded as a criterion for the evaluation of the quality of crystallization. For a crucible of 950 mm in diameter, the local solidification time is more than 1 h at the center of the ingot with the longest interdendritic spacing, whereas it is the shortest at the edge of the ingot according to the calculated results. The model can be used to understand the ESR process and to predict the ingot quality. 相似文献
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In order to precisely control the final temperature of molten steel in RH (Ruhrstahl Heraeus)-TOP blowing refining, the final temperature prediction models of molten steel in RH-TOP blowing refining process for Interstitial Free (IF) steel production were established under the condition of oxygen blowing and non-oxygen blowing respectively. The results show that the beginning molten steel temperature of refining and the amount of added scrap were influential factors, the baking temperature in vacuum chamber was a factor that had small influence. When the model was operated, the hitting probability was above 95% (under the condition of both oxygen blowing and non-oxygen blowing) of prediction deviation of ±10 ℃. The accuracy is analyzed. 相似文献
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For accurately forecasting the liquid steel temperature in ladle furnace (LF), a novel temperature prediction model based on optimally pruned Bagging combined with modified extreme learning machine (ELM) is proposed. By analyzing the mechanism of LF thermal system, a thermal model with partial linear structure is obtained. Subsequently, modified ELM, named as partial linear extreme learning machine (PLELM), is developed to estimate the unknown coefficients and undefined function of the thermal model. Finally, a pruning Bagging method is proposed to establish the aggregated prediction model for the sake of overcoming the limitation of individual predictor and further improving the prediction performance. In the pruning procedure, AdaBoost is adopted to modify the aggregation order of the original Bagging ensembles, and a novel early stopping rule is designed to terminate the aggregation earlier. As a result, an optimal pruned Bagging ensemble is achieved, which is able to retain Bagging′s robustness against highly influential points, reduce the storage needs as well as speed up the computing time. The proposed prediction model is examined by practical data, and comparisons with other methods demonstrate that the new ensemble predictor can improve prediction accuracy, and is usually consisted compactly. 相似文献
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钢水在方坯连铸机结晶器内的液面自动控制系统:采用同位素铯137作为放射源,带闪烁体的高灵敏度传感器接收放射源发出的γ射线,穿过钢水的γ射线与钢水的液面成反比。传感器将γ射线转化为电信号,通过传感器连续测量结晶器内的钢水液位高度,二次仪表智能化处理后向液位调节系统输出随液位高度变化的电压或电流模拟量,送给PLC,通过调节控制塞棒升降控制液位高度,或者信号经处理后送给拉矫机变频系统,来自动控制拉坯速度,使钢水液面保持在预定的高度。 相似文献