H2O2—Fe^2＋氧化法处理对氨基酚工业废水的研究

结果表明,利用Ｈ２Ｏ２－Ｆｅ２＋ 氧化法处理对氨基酚（ＰＡＰ）工业废水是切实可行的。当ＰＡＰ质量浓度在１．６ｇ／Ｌ～２．０ｇ／Ｌ范围内,在Ｈ２Ｏ２／ＰＡＰ＝ ４．０（质量比）,ＦｅＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ质量浓度为１．０ｇ／Ｌ条件下,反应１ｈ 后,工业废水中对氨基酚的去除率达９８％ ～９９％ 。降低了废水的色度并提高了废水的可生化性,该方法对反应条件（如温度和ｐＨ值等）没有严格要求,便于工业应用。     

废雷尼镍催化剂的综合利用

以废雷尼镍催化剂为原料,制备出合格的硫酸镍、硝酸镍和氧化镍。利用化学分析方法测定这种废催化剂含Ｎｉ２＋为６６．０６％,Ｆｅ２＋为０．７７９％,Ｃｒ３＋为１．４５６％,选用ＮａＣｌＯ作氧化剂将Ｆｅ２＋氧化成Ｆｅ３＋,再调节溶液的ｐＨ值为５．０～５．６,将Ｆｅ３＋和Ｃｒ３＋以氢氧化物的沉淀形式过滤除去。滤液加入浓硫酸,调节ｐＨ值处于３．５～４．０之间,然后冷却、结晶,离心即得ＮｉＳＯ４·７Ｈ２Ｏ;滤液加入碳酸钠,经一系列操作,制得碳酸镍粉末,再将碳酸镍粉末缓慢加热至４５０℃以上,则制得氧化镍;将碳酸镍粉末加入硝酸溶解,再浓缩、结晶、分离制得硝酸镍［Ｎｉ（ＮＯ３）２·６Ｈ２Ｏ］成品,本法工艺简单,成本低廉,镍的回收率达９５％     

络合萃取法处理β-萘磺酸钠工业废水

采用络合萃取法,以ＴＯＡ为萃取剂、煤油为稀释剂处理β－萘磺酸钠工艺废水。结果表明,当ＰＨ＝０．５－１．０,废水：萃取剂：稀释剂＝１００：１０：４０时,废水经二级萃取ＯＣＤｃｒ去经达９８．０％。将二级萃余水相用Ｈ２Ｏ２－Ｆｅ＾２＋氧化后,出水ＣＯＤｃｒ降至１００ｍｇ／Ｌ以下,可达标排放。     

H2O2—Fe^2＋法处理β—萘磺酸钠生产废水的研究

先用ＦｅＣｌ３进行混凝处理β－萘磺酸钠废水,Ｈ２Ｏ２－Ｆｅ＾２＋法氧化,在适宜的条件下,废水的ＣＯＤ和色度去除率分别可达９９．６％和９５．３％,处理后废水可达到排放标准。     

高浓度CO2气中H2S的脱除

本文从理论上概述了高浓度ＣＯ２气脱除Ｈ２Ｓ的可能性。经探索预选和利用Ｌ１６（４＾５），Ｌ８（２＾７）两个正交试验，初选出ＴＦ脱硫液吸该酸性气体的最大影响因素ｐＨ值和重要催化剂Ｆｅ的浓度。进而测定其定量关系，得出ｐＨ值和Ｆｅ浓度同时影响Ｈ２Ｓ脱除率ηＨ２Ｓ和ＣＯ２吸收率ηｃｏ２的数学关联式： ηＨ２Ｓ＝２．２６（ｐＨ）＾１．７３（Ｆｅ）＾０．０３２     

石灰法处理含F^—,Ni^2＋酸性废水

针对铝型材加工业产生的含Ｆ＾－，Ｎｉ＾２＋酸性废水，用石灰作沉淀剂，通过化学沉淀法，控制溶液ｐＨ值，投加８０ｍｇ／Ｌ的聚合氯化铝作为混凝剂，８０ｍｇ／Ｌ的聚丙烯酰胺作为絮凝剂，通过沉淀分离出有害物。出水ｐＨ值６￣９，ＳＳ去除率９８％以上，ＣＯＤ去除率８０％以上，Ｆ＾－去除率３３％以上，Ｎｉ＾２＋去除率９９％以上。     

分光光度法测定δ—氨基乙酰丙酸的研究

δ－氨基乙酰丙酸在ｐＨ５．８时发生缩合反应。此衍生物在４Ｍ ＨＣｌＯ４介质中与Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）生成橙红色物质，以分光光度法进行测定，最大吸收峰为４８０ｎｍ，ε为６．８×１０＾３Ｌ·（ｍｏｌ·ｃｍ）＾－１，线性范围为０￣５００μｇ／２５ｍＬ，检测限为０．１ｍｇ／２５ｍＬ。并考察了部分共存物质的干扰，该方已应用于δＡＬＡ合成中成品及半成品的分析。     

均匀纺锤形α—FeOOH粒子的合成

本文以ＦｅＳＯ４、７Ｈ２Ｏ和Ｎａ２ＣＯ３为原料，制备晶形、粒度、轴比等满足高性能磁粉要求的均匀纺锤形α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子，研究考察了碱比、〔Ｆｅ＾２＋〕起始浓度、温度、搅拌转速、气量等工艺参数对合成均匀纺锤形α－ＦｅＯＨ粒子的影响规律，并制备出长轴为０．２￣０．３μｍ、轴比为４：１的、大小均匀、分散性好、无枝叉的纺锤形α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子。     

含铜、铁离子废水的硫化沉淀浮选

为了寻求我国广大铜矿山酸性废水的有效治理途径，对江西某大型铜矿山含铜、铁离子的人工模拟废水及实际矿山废水进行了处理研究．模拟废水组成为ｐＨ２．２，Ｃｈ（２＋）１３０ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｆｅ（３＋）（或Ｆｅ（２＋））５００ｍｇ／Ｌ，研究表明：以铜的化学当量加Ｎａ２Ｓ于含Ｃｕ（２＋）、Ｆｅ（２＋）人工废水中，以及以铜的３．４倍化学当量加ＮａＳ于含Ｃｕ（２＋）、Ｆｅ（３＋）人工废水中，丁黄药作捕收剂（用量４０ｍｇ／Ｌ），自然ｐＨ条件下（ｐＨ２．０），铜的去除率高达９９．７％，残余波渡低于０．２ｍｇ／Ｌ，而铁的去除率几乎为０；将浮铜后的尾液再进行ｐＨ调整至８．０时，沉淀过滤，铁的沉淀率达９８％以上，残余浓度低于１０ｍｇ／Ｌ．实际矿山酸性废水实验证明，采用硫化沉淀浮选回收铜─调整ｐＨ沉铁的工艺流程，能使处理后出水水质低于污水综合排放一级标准，浮铜的精矿品位为３７．１２％，具有回收价值，还进行了有关溶液化学计算和机理探讨。     

C9—MA水溶性树脂与HEDP复配系统的阻垢性能研究

研究了Ｃ９－ＭＡ水溶性树脂与ＨＥＤＰ复配后的阻垢性能及ＣａＣＯ３含量,ＰＨ值和矿经度对阻垢率的影响。当配比为：ＣＯ－ＭＡ树脂２０ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１,ＨＥＤＰ０．３ｍｇ．Ｌ＾－１。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。