溧阳抽水蓄能电站机组LCU控制流程设计及实现

溧阳抽水蓄能电站机组LCU采用罗克韦尔Control Logix系列PLC作为主控制器和水机保护控制器。分析梳理了机组LCU主PLC和水力机械保护PLC控制流程的工作机制、硬件基础和设计原则,机组实际运行情况表明,本套计算机监控系统LCU设备有效提高了机组的自动化水平,保证了电站的可靠、安全、稳定运行。     

白山三期抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统实施与应用

详细介绍了白山三期抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统网络结构和机组现地控制单元（LCU）的功能和结构。     

十三陵抽水蓄能电站国产监控系统控制流程设计

抽水蓄能电站机组控制流程是抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统的一个重要方面。文中介绍了十三陵抽水蓄能电站原有国外监控系统控制流程，分析了十三陵抽水蓄能电站国产监控系统控制流程的设计原则，并综合利用国内大中型抽水蓄能电站控制流程的优点及十三陵抽水蓄能电站自身的特点，设计了十三陵抽水蓄能电站国产监控系统控制流程。目前，国产的大中型抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统已在十三陵抽水蓄能电站投入运行，效果良好。     

抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统需求分析

阐述了计算机监控系统的发展趋势,根据抽水蓄能电站特殊的运行方式,分析了抽水蓄能机组的特殊控制要求,论述了抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统的设计原则、基本模式及其对电网安全稳定运行的影响。     

蒲石河抽水蓄能电站监控系统LCU回路设计

介绍了蒲石河抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统现地控制单元(LCU)回路的电源、网络结构、同期回路、水机回路等设计.此设计满足了蒲石河抽水蓄能电站对电站安全、高效的生产要求,为抽水蓄能电站监控系统国产化奠定了坚实的基础,同时为国内大型抽水蓄能电站监控系统的设计提供参考.     

抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统特殊性与设计要求

抽水蓄能电站在电力系统中发挥着“削峰填谷”功能，对其机组的控制提出了一系列特殊的要求，如监控测点显著增多、工况转换特别复杂、多台主设备联合控制、全新的经济调度方式，以及对同期等装置的特殊要求等。文中分析了上述特性，并从抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统设计要求出发，讨论了多对象的联合控制、联合抽水优化控制、高可靠性技术等问题，给出了适用的计算机监控系统的结构配置。     

抽水蓄能计算机监控系统新技术展望

当前,抽水蓄能行业都在积极探索抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统与电厂数字化、智能化业务的结合应用,推动智能抽水蓄能电站技术体系的完善与改进.另外,变速抽水蓄能机组具有一定程度的异步运行能力,能通过相位、幅值控制可获得快速有功功率和无功功率响应,有利于电力系统稳定运行,开展变速抽水蓄能机组监控系统的研究,也是一个新的课题和方向...     

响洪甸抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统简介

响洪甸抽水蓄能电站是我省第一座在建的抽水蓄能电站，其运行工况多，控制逻辑复杂，操作频繁，监视量多，且要能迅速准确地响应电网需求，工作可靠，监控功能完善，故采用全计算机监控，取消备用的常规监控设备。该文简要阐述该计算机监控系统的功能，设备配置及主要特点。     

响洪甸抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统

1　概　述抽水蓄能电站以机动灵活、反应迅速的特点而调节电力系统负荷峰谷的变化,提供紧急事故备用,稳定系统的频率.与常规机组相比,其运行工况多,控制逻辑复杂,操作频繁,监视信息量大.因此除对主、辅设备外,对监控系统的要求也比较高,采用计算机监控系统来完成这一任务已成为当前的发展趋势.目前国内已建成或正在建设的抽水蓄能电站,如广州抽水蓄能电站、潘家口抽水蓄能电站、十三陵抽水蓄能电站、天荒坪抽水蓄能电站均采用国外厂商的计算机监控系统.响洪甸抽水蓄能电站是安徽电网在建的第一座蓄能电站,采用的是南瑞自动控制公司自行研制…     

深圳抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统设计与应用

深圳抽水蓄能电站计算机监控系统是在充分吸收和借鉴已运行抽水蓄能电站设计和运行经验的基础上,按照"无人值班,少人值守"的原则设计的.系统具有采用大监控架构模式、AGC全厂/分厂控制模式,配备机组事故停机PLC,具有一键黑启动功能等特点,控制逻辑严谨,安全闭锁完善,并尝试实现了一些创新功能,自投入运行以来,运行稳定可靠,满...     

地下厂房施工过程的三维非线性数值模拟分析

根据冗各电站地下厂房开挖支护的施工顺序,以隐式杆单元模拟锚杆,以壳单元模拟混凝土喷层,采用三维非线性有限元技术,对洞室群的开挖支护动态过程进行了模拟计算。通过三维非线性有限元计算分析得到:洞室群动态开挖过程中围岩应力变形的分布规律,围岩塑性区的发展规律,锚杆受力变化情况。计算结果表明:整个开挖过程中,洞周围岩位移变化规律正常,量值较小,塑性区主要分布在洞室周边,围岩稳定性较好;但在洞室交叉口处围岩的变形较大,出现较大范围的塑性区,在此基础上提出了支护措施优化方案,并对优化方案的效果进行了评价。     

Evaluation of freshwater mussel relocation as a conservation and management strategy

The relocation of unionacean mussels is commonly used as a conservation and management tool in large rivers and streams. Relocation has been used to recolonize areas where mussel populations have been eliminated by prior pollution events, to remove mussels from construction zones and to re-establish populations of endangered species. More recently, relocation has been used to protect native freshwater mussels from colonization by the exotic zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha. We conducted a literature review of mussel relocations and evaluated their relative success as a conservation and management strategy. We found that 43% of all relocations were conducted because of construction projects that were forced to comply with the Endangered Species Act 1973 and that only 16% were monitored for five or more consecutive years. Most (43%) relocation projects were conducted from July to September, presumably a period when reproductive stress is relatively low for most species and the metabolic rate is sufficient for reburrowing in the substrate. The mortality of relocated mussels was unreported in 27% of projects; reported mortality varied widely among projects and species and was difficult to assess. The mean mortality of relocated mussels was 49% based on an average recovery rate of 43%. There is little guidance on the methods for relocation or for monitoring the subsequent long-term status of relocated mussels. Based on this evaluation, research is needed to develop criteria for selecting a suitable relocation site and to establish appropriate methods and guidelines for conducting relocation projects.     

基于模型试验的河床砂砾石层基本特性研究

为了经济可靠地确定深厚覆盖层的基本特性参数,以大渡河双江口水电站坝基河床砂砾石层基本特性研究为工程背景,进行大尺寸模型试验,研究河床砂砾石层的旁压模量和动探击数随密度、级配以及上覆压力的变化规律。根据室内模型试验结果,结合现场旁压试验及钻孔试验成果,推断出坝址区河床砂砾石相关层位的密度,并依此进行砂砾石室内力学试验,获得设计所需力学参数。研究成果可为深厚覆盖层基本特性测试提供新的方法。     

基于BP神经网络-马尔科夫链模型的隧道围岩位移预测

在隧道工程施工中,围岩位移预测起着很重要的作用。将BP神经网络-马尔科夫链模型引入到隧道围岩位移预测中来,通过对训练样本的学习,利用BP神经网络实现了对位移时间序列的滚动预测,同时得到了实测值与预测值的相对误差;在此基础上利用马尔科夫链对相对误差进行修正,有效地提高了预测结果的精度。并将该模型应用于某公路隧道拱顶下沉位移时序预测中,结果表明该模型具有精度高、科学可靠的特点,为隧道围岩变形的预测提供了新的途径。     

Short communication. Pipelines as a refuge for freshwater snails

In the lower River Murray, Australia, populations of gastropods have declined markedly over the past 40 years. Of the native fauna of about 18 species, only the ancylid Ferrissia petterdi remains common (but in patches), and another five species feature in sporadic local resurgences. Until recently the viviparid Notopala was thought to be extinct. The introduced physid Physa acuta is widespread, but in low numbers. The decline probably is associated with flow regulation, high turbidity and the introduction of common carp. Snail populations have persisted, however, in irrigation pipelines fed from the river, where they periodically cause blockages. This paper reports the discovery of the only known populaion of Notopala hanleyi in a pipeline where the inner wall accumulates microbial and other organic matter, providing high quality food for snails. In the Murray before regulation most of the periphytic biomass was probably microbial, as fluctuating water levels would have maintained littoral communities in a highly productive, early state of succession his postulated that, by stabilizing seasonal water levels, regulation has promoted the production of filamentous green algae, an inferior food source, and so displaced snail populations from the open aquatic environment.     

浙江省水域调查录入系统的设计和应用

浙江省水域调查录入系统将调查数据与电子地图相整合,对分类水域数据进行统计计算,并对输入数据进行合理性和完整性检查,得到调查范围内现有水域的详细数据,实现了水域调查数据输入、计算、统计和查询的数字化管理,提高了工作效率和工作质量,为各地下阶段水域保护规划编制和水域管理工作提供了数据支持。对该系统的设计原则、功能和技术设计等作了介绍。     

Automated system for removal and pneumatic transport of fly ash from electric precipitator hoppers

A system for removal and pneumatic transport of fly ash is examined, in which air pulses act on batches (pistons) of ash formed in a duct. Studies are made of the effect of several physical parameters on the force required to displace a piston of ash and these serve as a basis for choosing a system for removal and pneumatic transport of ash simultaneously from several hoppers of an electric precipitator. This makes it possible to separate the ash particles according to size without introducing additional components. Formulas are given for calculating the structural and dynamic parameters of this system and measurements of indirect dynamic parameters are used to calculate the input-output characteristics of the system. In order to optimize the system, configurations for summing several ducts into a single transport duct for pneumatic ash transport are proposed. Some variants of dry ash utilization and the advantages of producing of size-separated particles are considered. __________ Translated from élektricheskie Stantsii, No. 2, pp. 26–30 (2008).     

The flood pulse advantage and the restoration of river-floodplain systems

The ‘flood pulse advantage’ is the amount by which fish yield per unit mean water area is increased by a natural, predictable flood pulse. Evidence for this increase is presented from tropical and temperate fisheries. It is argued that increasing multispecies fish yield by restoring the natural hydrological regime is consistent with increasing production of other trophic levels and with restoration from ecological and aesthetic viewpoints. When applied to a river-floodplain system, this restoration would provide a large, self-sustaining potential for recreation, commercial exploitation, and flood control. An interim ‘natural flood pulse’ restoration approach is proposed for systems modified for navigation. This approach approximates the natural hydrological regime in a river reach and is intended as a first step in the long process of restoring the watershed.     

基于CT-连续加荷水泥乳化沥青混凝土细观损伤规律研究

利用CT技术对水泥乳化沥青混凝土的细观损伤过程进行实时扫描观测,获得了混凝土试件在连续加荷下的CT图像。通过采用直观分析法、CT数分析法、CT数与损伤变量关系3种方法分析表明,水泥乳化沥青混凝土的破坏过程可分为压密、扩容、裂纹扩展、破坏4个阶段,同时混凝土在受压过程中具有韧性,在极限荷载之前各断面处于压密和微扩容的强化阶段,极限荷载之后混凝土从损伤到破坏发展比较平稳。     

浅谈天湖水电站水轮机运行故障及处理措施

简述天湖水电站投运以来各种故障的表现形式，分析其原因，提出了相应的处理方法及措施，并对合理利用国内外设备提出建议。