Cu/SiO_2两步法催化甘油氢解制备1,2-丙二醇

采用两步法从甘油制备1,2-丙二醇,首先甘油在催化剂上进行脱水反应生成丙酮醇,然后丙酮醇在催化剂上进行加氢反应生成1,2-丙二醇。两个反应应用的催化剂都是采用浸渍法制备的Cu/SiO₂催化剂。催化剂制备简单,成本较低且绿色无污染。结果表明：加氢反应在反应温度为180 ℃,催化剂相对原料用量为10%,反应时间为30 h,反应压力为4 MPa,10%Cu负载量的催化剂上具有最高的转化率（>96%）和选择性（>96%）。该催化剂为双功能催化剂既具有酸中心又具有金属活性位点。研究结果表明催化剂上单质铜粒径的大小是影响催化剂活性的主要因素;催化剂表面铜物种与载体间较弱的相互作用使活性物种易于发生聚集,从而导致催化剂失活。制备的催化剂采用BET、XRD等进行了表征。     

CO_2制备甲醇催化剂研究进展

通过将CO2有效转化为甲醇,真正实现"跨越油气时代"进入"甲醇时代"。通常CO2加氢合成甲醇所用催化剂主要是铜基催化剂,添加其他金属元素或助剂以提高铜基催化剂催化性能。介绍CO2制备甲醇催化剂早期的研究,综述近年来有关CO2制备甲醇催化剂研究进展,新研发的镍-镓结构催化剂可在低压(常压)下将CO2转化为甲醇,比传统的铜-锌-铝催化剂更有效,更多产甲醇。介绍CO2与水反应合成甲醇反应所用催化剂以及光催化还原CO2生成甲醇的新思路和新途径。     

甲苯液相选择氧化反应催化剂研究进展

以过渡金属氧化物及其负载型催化剂、杂多酸及其负载型催化剂、过渡金属络合物及其负载型催化剂、沸石分子筛基催化剂、超临界CO2介质催化反应体系为线索,评述了各类甲苯液相选择氧化反应催化剂的特性和近年来的研究进展,展望了甲苯液相选择氧化反应催化剂的发展方向,提出以反应对催化剂的结构和性质为指导来研制高效、"绿色"的催化剂仍是甲苯液相选择氧化反应的关键。     

硅胶支载的高氯酸催化“一锅法”合成羟基芳香酮类化合物

以价格低廉并且绿色友好型催化剂HClO_4/SiO_2为催化剂,探索乙酸酐和酚类"一锅法"Fries重排及酯化合成羟基芳香酮类化合物的反应。该催化剂与传统的催化剂比较便于后处理,易操作,高产率,且催化剂可回收再利用。     

采用BCM催化剂在Horizone工艺装置上开发软质聚丙烯

使用国产BCM催化剂在Horizone工艺装置上开发了软质聚丙烯NS06和NS20,其中,NS20为新产品,并对比了BCM催化剂与进口参比催化剂的性能。结果表明:NS06中的橡胶相出现"层状结构",而NS20中橡胶相呈现典型的"海岛"结构;与参比催化剂相比,BCM催化剂氢调敏感性好,与乙烯的共聚能力更强,整体活性释放稳定且后期活性更好,粉料流动性更好,粉料更加均一;采用BCM催化剂生产的NS06,NS20的弯曲模量分别为233,497 MPa,采用参比催化剂生产的NS06的弯曲模量为193 MPa,为典型的软质聚丙烯。     

中韩石化国产化催化剂应用项目通过验收

<正>近日,中韩石化"Innovene S工艺国产化催化剂工业应用"、"BCM催化剂在Horizone装置开发高熔指抗冲共聚物"2个国产化催化剂工业应用项目均顺利通过由北京化工研究院牵头,中国石化科技部在北京组织召开的科研项目鉴定会验收。国产化催化剂在中韩石化生产装置的成功应用,打破了中韩石化聚烯烃催化剂长期需进口的现状,为中国石化掌握聚烯烃领域核心技术奠定坚实基础。     

催化氢解脱苄基Pd/C催化剂的研究和应用

评述了催化氢解脱苄基反应的类型、工艺和催化剂,并进一步对制备脱苄基"蛋壳型"Pd/C催化剂的因素进行了综述,为脱苄基Pd/C催化剂的设计、开发和应用指明了方向.     

高硫合成气制甲硫醇K2MoO4/SiO2催化剂的研究Ⅰ.镍的促进作用

采用共同浸渍法制备了K2MoO4-NiO/SiO2催化剂,考察了NiO添加量对高硫合成气制甲硫醇K2MoO4/SiO2催化剂性能的影响.活性评价结果表明,添加了NiO的催化剂活性有很大的提高,当Ni/Mo物质的量比为2/9时,CO转化率为72.6%,较未添加NiO的催化剂提高了一倍多.程序升温还原(TPR)表征显示,添加的NiO与Mo有强相互作用,促进了Mo物种的还原.电子自旋共振(ESR)表征显示,反应后的催化剂中可检测到"oxo-Mo(V)"物种和"thio-Mo(V)"物种,K2MoO4-NiO/SiO2催化剂表面主要为"thio-Mo(V)"物种,而K2MoO4/SiO2催化剂表面主要为"oxo-Mo(V)"物种,NiO的添加促进了Mo物种的还原、硫化,可能是造成催化剂活性极大提高的原因.     

MTO催化剂旋转闪蒸干燥及节能技术的开发及工业应用

为优化MTO催化剂分子筛干燥工艺,提升催化剂竞争力,开发了一种新型节能催化剂旋转闪蒸干燥技术,即"填料+密封环"组合密封和特殊搅拌结构的新型旋转闪蒸干燥机用于MTO催化剂的干燥,避免了干燥机"抱轴"和入口堵塞事故发生,利用尾气循环使高温尾气余热回用,减少了急冷冷却水用量,提高了干燥系统热效率,同时实现了MTO催化剂的节能、清洁化生产,提高了经济效益。     

从“跟跑”“并跑”到“领跑” 上化院聚烯烃国家重点实验室攀登催化剂技术高峰

正目前我国唯一以聚烯烃命名的上海化工研究院有限公司聚烯烃催化技术与高性能材料国家重点实验室,依托以催化剂结构构建为切入点,开发出1 000多个品种的茂金属基础催化剂及其核心组分产品体系,实现了聚乙烯催化剂研发从"跟跑""并跑"到"领跑"的角色转变,为聚烯烃材料的高端化贡献了中国智慧和中国力量。聚烯烃是国民经济战略性基础材料,而催化剂则是聚烯烃工业发展的关键。中国作为聚烯烃     

SETTLING VELOCITIES OF TWO EQUAL-SIZED SPHERES FOLLOWING EACH OTHER IN VISCOUS FLUIDS CONTAINED IN CYLINDERS

Experimental data are presented for two equal-sized spheres falling along the axis of a cylinder. The two spheres settle with the same velocity as that of a single falling sphere as long as their separation distance is larger than a critical value. When the distance is smaller than the critical value, the two spheres fall faster than a single sphere. The drag on the two spheres is less affected when two spheres fall in a cylinder in comparison to the situation when two spheres fall in an unbounded medium. The data are correlated and shown to agree with numerical calculations.     

Photochemie substituierter Cycloheptatriene. XII. Dualfluoreszenz von 1-Aryl-4-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-cycloheptatrienen

Photochemistry of Substituted Cycloheptatrienes. XII. Dual Fluorescence of 1-Aryl-4-(p-dimethylaminophenyl)-cycloheptatrienes Diarylcycloheptatrienes 1 in solution show two fluorescences originating from two different excited states. The ratio of intensities of the two fluorescences depends on the excitation energy. Two alternatives are discussed as the origin of the dual fluorescence: conformers in the ground state or an adiabatic photoreaction, respectively. The two emissions are ascribed to different geometries of the seven-membered ring. Despite the different excitation spectra the dual fluorescence of the compounds 1 is explained as an excited state property of a single absorbing species, and not as two ground state species giving rise to the two fluorescence bands.     

非牛顿流体中的两并行运动气泡周围流场及气泡间相互作用的PIV研究

The flow fields surrounding two parallel moving bubbles rising from two identical orifices submerged in non-Newtonian fluid of carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) solution of three different mass concentration were measured experimentally by the use of particle image velocimetry (PIV). The influences of gas flowrate, solution mass concentration, orifice interval and the angle between two bubble centers line and vertical direction on the flow field surrounding bubbles were discussed respectively by analyzing the velocity vector, velocity contours as well as individual velocity components. The results show that the liquid velocity both in front of two bubbles and behind increases with gas flowrate duo to shear-thinning effect of previous bubbles, whereas decreases with the increase of CMC concentration due to the increase of drag force acting on bubbles. The effect of the orifice interval on the flow field around two moving bubbles becomes gradually obvious as the interval becomes closer. Moreover, two adjacent side-by-side bubbles repulse each other during rising, leading to the practical interval between them increased somewhat above the orifice interval. When the distance between bubbles is less than the orifice interval l0 mm, the interaction between two neighboring bubbles changed from mutual repellence to attraction with the decrease of the angle of the line of linking two bubble centers to the vertical direction.     

微波辐射制备两种超级电容器用活性炭的研究

以微波为热源,无烟煤、炭化椰壳为原料,KOH为活化剂制备了两种超级电容器用活性炭电极材料。对比考察了两种活性炭在相同实验条件下的比电容、冲放电性能、循环稳定性、内阻;讨论了微波辐射时间对两种活性炭比电容量的影响。研究结果表明：以无烟煤、炭化椰壳为原料制备的活性炭单电极比电容分别达301F／g、266F／g,且两种活性炭均具有良好的冲放电特性;炭化椰壳制备的活性炭比无烟煤制备的活性炭循环稳定性更好,内阻更低。     

一种磺胺对甲氧嘧啶钴(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、晶体结构及与DNA的作用研究

以磺胺对甲氧基嘧啶(H-L)为配体,合成了一个新的钴配合物[Co(L)_2(H_2O)_2]·2CH_3OH。采用元素分析、红外光谱、质谱和X-射线单晶衍射进行结构表征。配合物属于单斜晶系,空间群为P2_1/c,中心金属钴与来自两个磺胺对甲氧基嘧啶的磺酰胺氮、嘧啶氮及两个水分子形成六配位八面体稍变形的配位构型。粘度和电泳实验表明,配合物与DNA具有一定的插入作用。     

Hybrid polymer latexes

Hybrid polymer latexes will be defined here as colloidal dispersions in which at least two distinct polymers exist within each particle. The two polymers may form a homogenous blend within the particle or microphase separation may occur. There are two general routes for their preparation. The first involves the use of a mini-emulsion polymerization process, in which a first polymer, most often prepared via polycondensation (or polyaddition), is dissolved in an unsaturated monomer (or a mixture of monomers). The solution is first emulsified into small droplets under a high shear process and then polymerized through a radical polymerization process. A variation of this route involves the synthesis of the polycondensate directly in the mini-emulsion. The second route involves a seeded emulsion polymerization of unsaturated monomer(s), in which the polycondensate is modified for use as a seed in the emulsion polymerization. Most often, styrenic and acrylic monomers are used, while the polycondensate may be alkyd resins, polyesters, epoxy resins, polyurethanes, or other polymers. The two routes are described in detail, as are the properties of the resulting materials (mostly as films). Up to now, there have been very few trials for the comparison of the two main routes. Most often the comparison is related to blends of the two kinds of emulsified polymers.     

Nanocrystalline carbonate-apatites: role of Ca/P ratio on the upload and release of anticancer platinum bisphosphonates

In the present study two nanocrystalline apatites have been investigated as bone-specific drug delivery devices to be used for treatment of bone tumors either by local implantation or by injection. In order to assess how the Ca/P ratio can influence the adsorption and release of anticancer platinum-bisphosphonate complexes, two kinds of apatite nanocrystals having different Ca/P ratios but similar morphologies, degree of crystallinity, and surface areas have been synthesized and characterized. The two platinum-bisphosphonate complexes considered were the bis-{ethylenediamineplatinum(ii)}-2-amino-1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diyl-bisphosphonate and the bis-{ethylenediamineplatinum(ii)}medronate. The Ca/P ratio plays an important role in the adsorption as well as in the release of the two drugs. In fact, the apatite with a higher Ca/P ratio showed greater affinity for both platinum complexes. Also the chemical structure of the two Pt complexes appreciably affects their affinity towards as well as their release from the two kinds of apatites. In particular, the platinum complex whose bisphosphonate contains a free aminic group showed greater upload and smaller release. The cytotoxicity of the Pt complexes released from the apatite was tested against human cervical, colon, and lung cancer cells as well as against osteosarcoma cells. In agreement with previous work, the Pt complexes released were found to be more cytotoxic than the unmodified complexes.     

片式电阻酸性镀锡与中性镀锡性能比较

本文以片式电阻的电镀为实例比较酸性镀锡和中性镀锡，分析了这两种镀锡工艺的优劣，研究了各自的工艺控制方法以及适合片式电阻电镀锡溶液的配方。     

二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺的合成工艺研究

以顺丁烯二酸酐和4,4'-二氨基二苯基甲烷(DDM)为原料,采用甲苯为溶剂、共沸蒸馏法,分别用一步法和两步法合成N,N'-4,4'-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(BDM)。通过产物核磁氢谱、红外色谱、示差扫描量热(DSC)及产物收率的计算和双键含量、酸值、凝胶时间、凝胶温度等的测定,对BDM一步法、两步法合成工艺进行了研究并对两种方法中生成的副产物进行了分析。结果表明,一步法比两步法产品产率有很大提高,得到的残渣较少,主要是由DDM与BDM的加成反应生成的低聚物,重新利用价值较小;两步法副产物较多,如高温条件下BMA发生分子间脱水形成的线形低聚物,其可以水解成BMA重新利用。