激光威胁源告警定向技术研究

分析了来自战场的激光威胁源,主要有两方面:一是激光战术侦察,一是激光武器和激光制导武器.论述了激光辐射探测原理,其中包括激光辐射截获接收途径、探测原理分类、适于激光辐射探测光学系统的特点及用于激光辐射探测的敏感元件.深入分析了激光威胁源告警定向技术,并对两种适用的告警方案给予详细介绍.     

远场光束扩展对光斑瞄准偏差影响的实验

在远场大气环境下的激光瞄准过程中,大气湍流效应会造成光束的漂移和扩展,从而影响激光器的瞄准精度。本文基于修正的VonKarman湍流谱和部分相干光在湍流大气中的传输理论,设计了高斯光波经过大气湍流后的光场模拟软件,并在一定气象条件下,通过一种激光光轴瞄准偏差测试系统进行外场实验。该测试系统光束直径≤9mm,接收部分为120mm大口径光学镜头。研究了3km范围内强湍流条件下光束的传输特性;结合实验数据,分析了在湍流大气中远场光传播时波束扩展对激光瞄准精度的影响。基于文中研究结果设计的瞄准偏差补偿方案可提高系统在大气能见度10km范围内的瞄准精度。在激光传输距离3km,斜程仰角为0~45°时,激光光斑偏移计算误差≤0.1mrad。     

半导体激光器的最新进展及其应用现状

简述了半导体激光器的现状,详细介绍了半导体激光器在激光雷达、激光测距、激光引信、激光制导跟踪、激光瞄准和告警、激光模拟、激光通信和光纤通信、光纤陀螺以及国民经济等各个领域中的应用.     

大气颗粒物中水溶性离子环境影响、来源及其监测技术

大气颗粒物中水溶性离子影响空气环境质量,影响人体健康,产生气候效应。本文对大气颗粒物中水溶性离子组成、来源及不同条件下对环境影响进行综述。同时,总结大气颗粒物中水溶性离子离线与在线监测方法及其在大气环境监测工作中应用。     

目标运动特性对激光制导炸弹作战影响对策研究

着眼提高武器系统的作战效能,结合激光制导炸弹作战使用情况,从目标的运动特性和激光制导炸弹的投放方式入手,分析了目标运动特性对激光制导炸弹作战的影响。在此基础上,系统总结了激光制导炸弹投放过程中应对目标运动特性的策略,对于正确使用激光制导炸弹,提高其精确打击能力具有一定的指导意义和参考价值。     

战场环境对激光制导炸弹作战效能的影响研究

战场环境作为战场态势的重要因素,对武器系统的作战效能影响巨大。现在分析激光制导炸弹制导原理、攻击方式的基础上,重点探讨了目标特性、目标背景及气候环境发生变化时,战场环境因素对激光制导炸弹作战效能的影响,为正确使用激光制导炸弹、提高其命中率提出了合理建议。     

油烟净化器技术改造探索

随着餐饮行业的飞速发展,油烟排放对大气的污染也日渐严重.本文分析探索了餐饮业油烟对于大气环境的影响及治理技术路线和效果,以期为餐饮业油烟污染治理提供参考.     

大气透过率的多点移动测量

考虑大气透射仪的光源不稳定性以及光学准直及大气环境的动态变化均会对其测量精度产生影响,本文在高精度导轨上设计了多点移动大气透过率测量系统,以便提高其大气透过率及消光系数的测量精度。该系统采用可移动测试平台,运用多点移动测量的方式测量大气透过率及消光系数。基于理论比较了多点移动大气透过率测量方法与传统大气透射仪测量方法的测量精度,证明了该系统的测量精度高于传统大气透射仪。将该系统与经过良好校正的Skopograph II型大气透射仪在大气环境模拟舱进行了较长时间的对比验证。结果表明,两套系统具有很好的相关性,91.93%的数据对偏差在10%以内,相关系数达0.985 7。在低能见度条件下,多点移动大气透过率测量系统的测量稳定性优于传统大气透射仪。得到的结果显示:该系统能够满足大气透过率和消光系数测量对准确性、稳定性和一致性的要求。     

半导体激光器在现代军事领域中的应用现状

在最近十几年来,半导体激光器已成为世界上最快的一门激光技术,本文简述半导体激光器的现状,详细介绍了半导体激光器在激光雷达,激光测距,激光引信,激光制导跟踪,激光瞄准和告警,激光模拟,激光通信和光纤通信,光纤陀螺以及激光照明等各个国防领域中的应用,最后,对发展我国高功率半导体激光器满足国防的需要提出了一些看法。     

港口区域大气除尘中干雾抑尘装置的应用探究

文章以干雾抑尘装置在港口区域大气除尘中的应用为切入点,简要阐述了港口区域大气除尘项目内容及运行流程,剖析了大气颗粒物的影响。并结合港口区域大气环境现状,从干雾抑尘及干雾颗粒、具体应用设备、应用效果评价等方面,对干雾抑尘装置在港口区域大气除尘中的应用进行了深入探究。     

激光告警内场仿真试验系统的设计

针对内场仿真试验系统的研制,讨论了激光告警内场仿真试验的实现方法及关键技术。通过对外场试验环境进行等效模拟,在内场构造了一个对激光告警装备进行检测的仿真试验系统。首先,介绍了仿真试验系统的设备组成;然后,以内场激光编码识别能力测试为例,对以激光漫反射信号方式进行激光告警试验的方法进行探讨,并对完成激光告警内场仿真试验所需的激光能量等效计算、漫反射屏的位置标定以及漫反射屏最低入射能量分析等关键技术进行详细阐述;最后,使用单脉冲能量10mJ的激光信号源,以漫反射方式进行了激光编码识别能力测试,结果表明探测概率达到100%,证明了本文试验方法的可行性。     

基于激光导引头的四象限光电探测器检测电路研究

本文主要介绍半主动激光制导导引头的发展现状和意义,提出了目标探测电路的方案,运用目标方位探测的理论,采用四象限探测技术和方法,设计探测电路。根据半主动激光制导原理,结合设计的电路,实现了仿真导引头的搜索和跟踪的基本功能。     

Factors influencing the wearing out of a sniper bore

This article shows the influence of the physical-mechanical, chemical, and geometric factors on the wearing out of the bore of sniping weapons. The complex interconnection of the surface failure process parameters is shown.     

大气衰减对LRCS测量精度的影响研究

为了研究大气衰减对激光雷达散射截面(laser radar cross section,LRCS)测量精度的影响,从LRCS测量原理入手,推导出大气衰减对LRCS测量精度影响的公式,得到大气衰减与LRCS测量精度的关系,即当前后两次测试时的大气衰减条件相差较大时,LRCS测量精度则会降低,反之,则会升高.通过MatLa...     

PASSIM7000卷烟机回丝量控制改进

针对PASSIM7000卷烟机供丝系统回丝量控制系统数据采集及处理方式存在的问题,设计出一种新的数据采集及处理方式,采用改变测量位置,及时获取供丝量变化信息;使用激光位移传感器进行精确数值测量;采用最小二乘法对测量数值进行曲线拟合,再根据拟合曲线对回丝量多少进行预测并及时调节等方法,解决了原控制方式造成的反馈滞后,响应不及时等缺陷。改进后的PASSIM7000型卷烟机供丝系统,提高了供丝的均匀性,降低了烟支的空头率。     

Validation of piezoelectric measurement system for weapon firing pin percussion energy

Functional reliability of a service firearm is essential. A failure to fire at a critical moment could lead to disastrous consequences. The firing pin of a weapon must hit the primer hard enough to ascertain reliable detonation of the primer which then ignites the powder. Depths of firing pin created indent on an inert primer and on a copper cylinder are the two methods conventionally used to estimate this percussion energy. In this study the copper cylinder method was compared with piezoelectric measurement. It was found out that both systems give reliable readings. Eight pistols of calibre 9 mm were measured. Although the majority of the measured weapons seemed to provide sufficient percussion energy, there were some surprisingly low readings with seemingly perfect weapons. This discrepancy shows the necessity of an industrial standard and of using a reliable percussion energy measurement system for monitoring the condition of service weapons. Further research on firearm and ammunition primer compatibility is required.     

基于卫星应用的战斗力生成问题研究

卫星应用作为航天力量与军事力量有机结合的“黏舍剂”,已经成为加快战斗力生成模式转变,提高基于信息系统的体系作战能力的一个重要支撑点。卫星应用在近几次高技术局部战争中产生了巨大的效益,已经成为C4ISI：~系统的核心组成部分,有效地提高了部队战斗力。阐述了基于卫星应用的战斗力生成的基本内涵,研究了卫星应用在战斗力生成中的增强作用,从人员素质,武器装备、作战理论、教育训练、编制体制几个方面深入分析了基于卫星应用的战斗力生成的影响因素。     

Atmospheric visibility and Angström exponent measurements through digital photography

This paper presents a low-cost system for the measurement of atmospheric visibility. The measurement setup is composed by a consumer digital camera which is controlled by a computer. The camera acquires photos of the landscape that include natural dark objects. Then the computer calculates the atmospheric visibility based on the apparent contrast, against the background, of these dark objects through the Lambert–Beer law. Two different approaches are proposed so that the system is able to measure the atmospheric visibility both under normal and low visibility conditions. The use of the three color channels of the camera allows the measurement of the extinction coefficient at different wavelengths along with the Angström exponent which is an important parameter in the classification of atmosphere aerosols.Measurements performed with the developed system are presented and include the atmospheric visibility, the extinction coefficient and the Angström exponent. The results presented correspond to the measurements performed along a week that included a desert dust event. This event dramatically reduced the atmospheric visibility due to the desert dust particles. Angström exponent measurements were performed with another instrument for comparison. Finally, an uncertainty analysis of the measured atmospheric visibility is presented.     

Ambient pressure compensation for hermetically sealed force transducers

Readings of hermetically sealed force transducers are affected by fluctuations in atmospheric pressure, and measured deflections vary when the ambient pressure changes quickly between two readings at zero force and at a certain force step. For some types of force transducers, readings at the zero point are quite sensitive to the ambient pressure change and this influence is not negligible. By periodically repeating measurements on two force transducers, it was verified that the repeatability of the measurements can be improved, and hence calibration uncertainty can be reduced to some extent, by compensating for deflections of the force transducers due to ambient pressure fluctuations by referring to the zero sensitivity.     

火炮身管内径测量仪的结构设计

文中介绍了再制造数字化平台上火炮身管内径测量仪机械结构的设计,该结构的设计解决了对阴阳线测量的难点,减少了结构的传递误差,提高了测量精度,为利用CCD传感器测量身管内径提供了可靠的结构保障.