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实验室标准传声器的前腔深度是耦合腔互易法校准其声压灵敏度的主要不确定度分量之一.为了控制声压灵敏度校准的不确定度,利用光学三坐标自动测量系统,分别通过直测法和块规法测量3只LS1P和3只LS2P传声器的前腔深度.测量结果表明,在传声器外环面放置高精度的块规,较好匹配了传声器与平面波耦合腔进行声学耦合时的物理模型,其前腔深度测量不确定度优于3.0 μm(k=2).对于LS1P传声器20 Hz~10 kHz频率范围内的声压灵敏度,前腔深度引入的不确定度分量优于0.005 dB(k=2);对于LS2P传声器,20 Hz~25 kHz频率范围内的不确定度分量优于0.012 dB(k=2),能够实现实验室标准传声器声压灵敏度的高精度校准. 相似文献
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为实现非刚性管中的换能器低频灵敏度校准,提出了基于互易常数修正的管中灵敏度校准方法。首先,基于管中非刚性边界条件和声压的方程进行了互易常数的推导及修正,并围绕管中互易常数的修正开展了仿真分析,得到测量频率段互易常数的修正值;其次,搭建实验系统开展了基于互易法的管中换能器的灵敏度测量研究。研究表明,管中互易常数的修正使互易换能器灵敏度值更加接近自由场互易法测得的灵敏度值。在0.5~4kHz 频率范围,补偿后的互易换能器灵敏度级最大起伏为-1.41dB,极大改善了未修正的测量情况,与自由场测量值的误差较小,符合声学计量要求。通过对实验与仿真进行对比分析,验证了该方法的有效性和准确性。 相似文献
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实验室标准传声器的前腔体积(包括等效体积)是耦合腔互易校准声压灵敏度的主要不确定度分量.为了控制前腔体积与等效体积引入的不确定度分量,应用声学方法测量实验室标准传声器的前腔体积,分别利用有源耦合腔结合系列哑头空腔的方法和多个平面波耦合腔的方法对LS1P和LS2P传声器的前腔体积与等效体积之和进行测量.实验结果表明,有源耦合腔法和多个平面波耦合腔法均能有效测量实验室标准传声器的前腔体积,且测量结果具有较好的一致性.前腔体积的精确测量实现了实验室标准传声器声压灵敏度的高精度校准. 相似文献
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针对低频耦合腔互易校准中存在的热传导和声泄漏问题,通过理论计算和不同长度耦合腔的系列实验研究,探讨其对互易校准结果的影响规律。首先阐述了互易校准原理及电容传声器低频时的频响特征,传声器均压孔在声场外时,低频声压灵敏度随着频率降低而逐渐增加;其次,对发射传声器-耦合腔-接收传声器构成的耦合腔系统中的热传导修正因子进行计算,结果表明,随着耦合腔长度变长,热传导修正因子变小,不确定度分量变小;通过不同长度的耦合腔组成的互易校准系统研究声泄漏的影响并探讨其优化方案,实验结果表明,10 mm和15 mm耦合腔对互易校准结果影响较小,重复性高,该实验结果与传声器的低频响应特性一致。 相似文献
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基于LabVIEW和Matlab软件开发平台设计了传声器自由场互易校准数据处理系统,该系统可以有效提取电转移阻抗信号,计算声中心和灵敏度级,并通过软件测试证明了系统的可行性. 相似文献
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Kamlesh Goel 《Scientometrics》2002,55(2):243-258
An analysis of gender differences in psychology in India provides quantitative and qualitative assessment of R&D output contributed by psychologists with the indication of the trend of growth, skewness, relatedness, co-authorship pattern of productivity. 相似文献
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The system for Metrology in Chemistry in Germany is described. At the national standards level, a network of high-level chemistry
institutes coordinated by the national metrology institute, PTB, provides the primary references for chemical measurements.
A dissemination mechanism employs chemical calibration laboratories accredited within the framework of the German Calibration
Service (DKD). They act as “multipliers” between the national standards level and the user level by providing the user with
calibration means which are traceable to the SI via national standards. Traceability structures in clinical chemistry, electrochemistry,
elemental analysis and gas analysis are described 相似文献
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Natural radioactivity in drinking water was determined in population-based random study of 472 private wells. The mean concentrations of (222)Rn, (226)Ra, (234)U, (238)U, (210)Pb and (210)Po in drilled wells were 460, 0.05, 0.35, 0.26, 0.04 and 0.05 Bq l(-1), and in wells dug in the soil were 50, 0.016, 0.02, 0.015, 0.013 and 0.007 Bq l(-1), respectively. Approximately 10% of the drilled wells exceeded a radon concentration of 1000 Bq l(-1) and 18% a uranium concentration of 15 microg l(-1). The mean annual effective dose from natural radionuclides for a drilled well user was 0.4 mSv and 0.05 mSv for a user of a well dug in the soil. The effective dose arising from (222)Rn was 75% of the total of all natural radionuclides for drilled well users. As regards long-lived radionuclides, (210)Po and (210)Pb caused the largest portion of the effective dose. The dose arising from (238)U, (234)U and (226)Ra was only 8% of the total of all natural radionuclides. 相似文献
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Radiation Protection Dosimetry 相似文献
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Ali KK 《Radiation protection dosimetry》2012,148(3):372-379
Activity concentrations of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K in 45 samples of different building materials used in Iraq were measured using gamma-spectroscopy system based on high-purity germanium detector with an efficiency of 40 %. Radium equivalent activity, air-absorbed dose rate, annual effective dose, external and internal hazard indices and alpha index due to radon inhalation originating from building materials were measured to assess the potential radiological hazard associated with these building materials. The activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides (226)Ra, (232)Th and 40K were found to range from below detection limit (BDL) to 223.7 ± 9, BDL to 93.0 ± 3 and BDL to 343.1 ± 12, respectively. Values of average radium equivalent activity, air-absorbed dose rate, indoor and outdoor annual effective doses, external and internal hazard indices and alpha index ranged from 6.5 to 124.9, 16.2 to 89.5 (nGy h(-1)), 0.08 to 0.44 mSv, 0.02-0.11 mSv, 0.09 to 0.53, 0.13 to 0.69 and 0.03 to 0.62, respectively. These values indicate a low dose. Therefore, the building materials used in the current study are quite safe to be used as building materials. 相似文献
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一、采标工作的主要经验做法和取得的成绩(一)领导重视,机构健全是采标工作的有力组织保证沈阳市在消灭无标生产工作中,先后成立了区、县人民政府消灭无标生产工作领导小组,消灭无标生产工作阶段性完成后,根据国家质检总局要求相继改为标准化工作领导小组,领导小组由主管区长挂帅,各职能部门主要领导参加,为采标工作的开展提供了坚实的组织保证,并纷纷出台了一些保障措施。围绕实施名牌产品战略,市政府明确要求,在评选名牌产品时,产品必须首先采标,然后方可有资格参加名牌产品的评选。我们坚持对申报评选的产品进行跟踪,能够… 相似文献