BDCF——支持双向传输的无线局域网协议

为了充分利用无线局域网有限的频率和带宽资源,提出了一种新的支持双向传输的媒体接入控制(MAC)协议.该协议将两个方向互逆的数据分组合并在一个帧交换序列中进行传输,从而减少链路层与物理层的开销,节省宝贵的带宽资源.建模及仿真结果表明,与其他MAC协议相比,该协议明显提高双向流的平均吞吐量,同时保持与标准802.11分布式...     

PC与Mac小型无线网络互联实列及应用

伴随无线网络的日益普及和802.11x技术的不断成熟,小型无线局域网得到飞速发展,然而在实际工作中,虽然PC与MAC的应用都很广泛,但PC与Mac通过无线网络连接及应用仍然较少,通过小型无线网络组建实例的探讨,利用现有设备组建小型无线局域网,通过共享上网,实现常用网络应用(vod功能、安全监控等)、为今后PC与MAC大中型无线局域网的连接抛砖引玉。     

基于DSP的测试系统以太网接入技术的研究

文章主要研究了基于DSP的测试系统,通过快速以太网接口,采用基于IEEE802.3u标准的MAC子层协议,接入主计算机所在局域网的技术.重点介绍了如何用软件实现主计算机在win98下,通过虚拟设备驱动程序操作网卡收发MAC帧格式数据的方法.     

无线局域网存在的安全威胁分析及防范

无线局域网为用户提供了更大的方便,同时也带来了一定的安全隐患,其安全威胁主要有非授权接入、数据窃取和协议漏洞,针对此类威胁,要保障无线局域网的安全防,可提升无线网络的加密级别、不使用弱密码、采用静态IP和MAC地址过滤,此外,还可隐藏无线SSID、定期更换密匙、关闭无线WPS/QSS功能、严控个人无线AP和使用企业防火墙和无线入侵检测系统等。     

一种保证TCP上下行时间公平的新调度算法

针对无线局域网中传输控制协议(TCP)闭环拥塞控制的贪婪性、媒体接入控制(MAC)协议节点接入的公平性和无线信道的异构性导致TCP出现的上下行不公平和时间不公平问题,提出了一种在接入点上实现上下行时间公平的UDTFLAS (Up/Down Time Fair LAS)调度算法.UDTFLAS算法依据信道数据发送速率,给无线信道速率较高的TCP流提供更大的发送概率,以保证上下行各TCP流占用相等的无线信道时间.实验结果表明,UDTFLAS算法可以保护单流的吞吐率,实现上下行流的时间公平,能有效提高网络总吞吐量.     

一种用于无线网格骨干网的基于控制帧的功率控制MAC协议

针对无线网格骨干网中采用相同的发射频率造成严重信号干扰的问题,提出了一种新的功率控制MAC协议.该协议通过控制接收节点发送控制帧的功率,使得对整个数据发送和接收过程真正产生干扰的节点能够正确接收到该控制帧,从而延迟发送过程,避免信号干扰.该协议能够有效提高无线网格骨干网中无线接入点的空间复用度.理论分析表明,无线接入点的空间距离越短,空间复用度提高率越高.模拟试验表明,与IEEE802.11标准的MAC协议相比,该协议明显提高了网络中并行的互不干扰的数据发送过程数量,显著提高了整个网络的吞吐量.     

基于印刷量子点的多重组合信息可靠性编解码算法

目的 针对印刷量子点的点阵图像用于实现信息记录、信息隐藏和信息防伪时,存在因打印信息污损和图像识读信息误判引起的误码率高这一突出问题,设计一种信息可靠性编解码算法.方法 该算法采用二维奇偶校验码+BCH码+交织编码+帧同步组合方式.结果 经实验测试验证,该组合方式得到的印刷量子点图像与汉明码和RS编码相比,随机性更高,具有更加突出的纠错能力,信息解码识读速率更快、鲁棒性更好.结论 该算法可很好地解决印刷量子点信息的突发性错误和随机性错误,同时也解决了印刷量子点图像在信息防伪领域应用推广的瓶颈问题,扩展信息增值服务功能.     

无线局域网的概况

无线局域网的覆盖范围为几百米,在这样一个范围内,无线设备可以自由移动,其适合于低移动性的应用环境。而且无线局域网的载频为公用频段,无需另外付费,因而使用无线局域网的成本很低。无线局域网带宽更会发展到上百兆的带宽,能够满足绝大多数用户的带宽要求。基于以上原因,无线局域网在市场赢得热烈的反响,并迅速发展成为一种重要的无线接入互联网的技术。但由于无线局域网应用具有很大的开放性,数据传播范围很难控制,因此无线局域网将面临着更严峻的安个问题。本文在阐述无线局域网安全发展概况的基础上,分析了无线局域网的安全必要性,并从不同方面总结了无线局域网遇到的安全风险,同时重点分析了IEEES02．1Ib标准的安全性、影响因素及其解决方案,最后对无线局域网的安全技术发展趋势进行了展望。     

无线局域网的应用与发展

无线局域网的覆盖范围为几百米,在这样一个范围内,无线设备可以自由移动,其适合于低移动性的应用环境。而且无线局域网的载频为公用频段,无需另外付费,因而使用无线局域网的成本很低。无线局域网带宽更会发展到上百兆的带宽,能够满足绝大多数用户的带宽要求。基于以上原因,无线局域网在市场赢得热烈的反响,并迅速发展成为一种重要的无线接入互联网的技术。但由于无线局域网应用具有很大的开放性,数据传播范围很难控制,因此无线局域网将面临着更严峻的安个问题。本文在阐述无线局域网安全发展概况的基础上,分析了无线局域网的安全必要性,并从不同方面总结了无线局域网遇到的安全风险,同时重点分析了IEEE802．11b标准的安全性、影响因素及其解决方案,最后对无线局域网的安全技术发展趋势进行了展望。     

无线局域网安全存在的弊端和防范措施

无线局域网的覆盖范围为几百米,在这样一个范围内,无线设备可以自由移动,其适合于低移动性的应用环境。而且无线局域网的载频为公用频段,无需另外付费,因而使用无线局域网的成本很低。由于在现在局域网建网的地域越来越复杂,很多地方应用了无线技术来建设局域网,但是由于无线网络应用电磁波作为传输媒介,因此安全问题就显得尤为突出。本文通过对危害无线局域网的一些因素的叙述,给出了一些应对的安全措施,以保证无线局域网能够安全,正常的运行。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

From Industry 4.0 to Research 4.0. Development of High Performance Fibers in the Light of Digitization

We associate a variety of innovations with the term ＂Industry 4.0＂. The pioneer of many 4.0 modifications forms the basisfor the trend towards the integrated di...     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Roman iron and steel: A review

ABSTRACT

The production of ferrous metal increased during the Roman Late Republican period, Principate and Empire. The direct bloomery process was used to extract the metal from its ores using slag-tapping and slag-pit furnaces. The fuel was charcoal and an air blast was introduced by bellows-operated tuyères. Iron formed as a bloom, often as a spongy mass of metal, which contained impurities from the smelting process, including unreacted ore, fuel, slag and fragments from the furnace walls, while the metal was often inhomogeneous with varied carbon contents. Blooms were either smithed directly into bars or ingots or they were broken up, which also allowed the removal of gross impurities and a selection of pieces with similar properties to be made. These could then be forge-welded together and formed into characteristically shaped ingots. Making steel in the furnace seems to have been achieved: it depended on the ore and the furnace and conditions within it. Surface carburization was also carried out. Iron and steel were used extensively in construction and for tools and weapons. Fire welding was often used to add pieces of steel to make the edges of tools and weapons, which could be heat-treated by quenching to harden them.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...