基于时域仿真法的断续铣削颤振预测

颤振是影响铣削加工表面质量和限制切削效率的重要原因,准确获取稳定性叶瓣图是避免颤振的有效途径.精加工铣削常使用小径向切深/刀具直径比,产生过小的实时切削厚度,刀具容易脱离工件,造成显著非线性因素;过小的径向切深/刀具直径比也导致铣削加工高度断续.因此,常用的圆弧切削厚度已不能近似实际切削厚度,进而影响断续铣削加工颤振预...     

切削颤振的动力学模型研究

振动是金属切削加工过程巾经常遇到的一种现象,也是影响零件加工质量和限制生产率提高的主要因素之一。本文在切削颤振机理研究的基础上,对切削颤振的二维稳定性进行了研究,推导出了在稳定性极限条件下,轴向切深和主轴转速的关系,并用Matlab进行了计算仿真。     

数控小尺寸铣削刀具切削稳定性研究

在较大功率的数控机床上进行铣削加工时,直径小于ф25mm铣刀的切削稳定性受到了一定程度的限制。通过实验和仿真研究了数控铣削加工的颤振稳定性,分析了刀具直径、装刀悬伸长度以及工艺系统刚度对颤振稳定域的影响。研究表明:采用较大的刀具直径和较短的安装悬伸长度,可以提高切削稳定性,同时也提高了极限轴向切削深度。通过颤振稳定域极限切深波瓣图,能有效地预报最大轴向切削深度下的切削速度,可较好地挖掘机床的切削潜能。     

最大稳定铣削面积及切削参数优化研究

通过对于经典颤振稳定性叶瓣图理论中X、Y两个方向频响函数相等假设对求解过程进行简化,对其特征方程进行深入解析求解与理论分析,得到极限切深与各个切削及材料参数关系的解析表达式及各个参数变化对其的影响规律。通过对极限切深求最小值得到安全切深解析表达式。将切深与切宽的乘积定义为铣削面积,并研究其对于铣削效率的影响。提出最大稳定铣削面积及切削参数优化方法,并在测量铝合金7050-T7451切削力系数后,以其为例进行了切削参数优化。     

基于刀尖模态的Al-7075铣削颤振稳定性预测研究

针对切削加工中的颤振问题,以铣削加工Al-7075为例,通过刀尖模态分析、模态参数识别,获得了铣削加工Al-7075的颤振稳定性叶瓣图(Lobes图)。通过设计信号采集实验,对颤振电压信号和铣削力信号进行采集并对颤振进行实验表征,进而验证稳定域预测的准确性。研究表明,切削加工Al-7075过程中,颤振易发生在低转速区,提高主轴转速及合理加大轴向切深可提高生产率和加工质量,从而验证了Lobes图中稳定域预测的有效性。     

再生颤振的稳定性模型研究

在刀具和工件之间产生的自激颤振不仅影响工件的表面粗糙度和加工精度,而且对刀具寿命有不利影响,甚至无法进行切削加工,这就直接影响生产效率的提高。本文对切削颤振的稳定性模型进行了研究,推导出了稳定切削极限条件下,主轴转速和轴向切深的关系表达式,并用Matlab进行了仿真计算。     

薄壁零件铣削稳定性的动力学模型

在切削稳定性预测原理的基础上,建立了薄壁零件铣削稳定性的动力学模型,推导出了在稳定性极限条件下,轴向切深和主轴转速的关系,并用Matlab进行了计算仿真,得到了不同的阻尼系数、固有频率条件下的颤振稳定性图。     

数控车床切削效率与稳定性研究

为了研究数控车床高效稳定切削机理,建立了刀具侧颤振动力学模型,应用计算机模拟仿真有限元分析技术和仿真结果指导下的实验对比,分析了车削系统重叠系数、单位切削宽度上的切削刚度系数、主振系统阻尼比对稳定性瓣图的影响,用实验验证由仿真技术研究的颤振稳定性瓣图的有效性。实验证明:选择颤振稳定性瓣图的稳定区域的切削速度,可以大幅度增加切削宽度,实现高效切削。     

车削加工颤振稳定性可靠度蒙特卡罗法仿真

在工程实际中,车削系统刚度、阻尼及切削力等参数的随机性严重影响车削加工的稳定性。针对此问题,提出了一种车削加工再生型颤振稳定性可靠度计算方法。考虑随机因素的影响,采用蒙特卡罗数值模拟方法,研究车削加工再生型颤振稳定性的统计分布规律。建立车削加工再生型颤振动力学模型,采用拉氏变换获取机床车削的极限切削宽度及所对应的主轴转速。根据数控车床切削系统动力学参数的分布信息抽取样本,代入再生型颤振模型进行计算,获取极限切削宽度的样本,并统计其概率特性,以实际切宽是否小于极限切宽为判别条件提出一种基于蒙特卡罗模拟的车削加工再生型颤振稳定性可靠度预测方法。     

非线性颤振对切削加工过程影响初探

研究了非线性颤振对机械加工过程的影响规律,通过实验得到了颤振稳定性图,分析了切削用量、切削条件与非线性颤振及机械加工质量的关系,提出了避免切削颤振的发生与提高加工质量的工艺措施。     

基于动力学不确定性的重型切削工艺参数优化

针对数控重型切削加工过程的切削稳定性具有不确定性的特点,提出了在切削稳定性和机床工作能力的约束下,获得最大材料去除率的工艺参数优化方法。根据重型切削加工的工艺特点建立三维动力学模型,以机床的固有频率、阻尼比、刚度和切削力系数作为不确定因素,结合排零定理和边理论对其进行不确定性分析,获得稳健的切削稳定性叶瓣图,结合切削深度、刀具直径和刀具齿数的关系,为加工过程选择能获得最大切削深度的刀具。在此基础上,建立工艺参数优化模型,选择最佳的轴向切削深度、径向切削深度和主轴转速的组合,最后以一台加工中心上某型号发动机缸体表面的粗加工过程为例进行了验证。     

Study of fuzzy stochastic limited cutting width on chatter

Fuzzy mathematical theory is applied to drawing the fuzzy stability lobes in which each lobe is characterized by a membership grade of experiential distribution of testing data in the theoretical distribution set of chatter signal. The judgement of limit value of free-chatter cutting width is spread over the fuzzy domain in this paper. The fuzzy combination relationship between the spindle speed and the depth of cut in milling is also addressed. According to the limit width, a safety criterion on which the cutting process is stable is developed. Also, the concept and definition of safety criterion for the cutting process stability operation for fuzzy stochastic meaning are given. Analysis indicates that the fuzzy stability lobes have definite physical significance. First, they can tell us in which status the cutting process is for the drawn lobe. Second, they reflect the probability distribution of the limit value of cut width in the fuzzy domain with respect to the identification of chatter status (fuzzy event). Meanwhile, it indicates that there is a transition between unstable lobes and stable lobes in a stability threshold graph with the influence of both fuzzy stochastic parametric excitation and fuzzy stochastic external excitation. Testing value curves of the fuzzy allowed domain of the limited cutting width are developed via experiment.     

Three-dimensional stability lobe and maximum material removal rate in end milling of thin-walled plate

Chatter phenomenon often occurs during end milling of thin-walled plate and becomes a common limitation to achieve high productivity and part quality. For the purpose of chatter avoidance, the optimal selection of the axial and radial depth of cut, which are decisive primary parameters in the maximum material removal rate, is required. This paper studies the machining stability in milling of the thin-walled plate and develops a three-dimensional lobe diagram of the spindle speed, axial, and radial depth of cut. Through the three-dimensional lobe, it is possible to choose the appropriate cutting parameters according to the dynamic behavior of the chatter system. Moreover, this paper studies the maximum material removal rate at the condition of optimal pairs of the axial and radial depth of cutting.     

正交车铣偏心加工三维颤振稳定性的研究

针对正交车铣复杂运动产生变深度、变厚度的切削特性,基于其加工原理采用解析法提出三维颤振稳定域的理论模型.在模态试验基础上,仿真分析正交车铣偏心加工颤振稳定域叶瓣图,结果表明正交车铣加工产生颤振的条件除了与铣刀几何形状和啮合条件、机床结构的频响应函数、工件材料特性等有关外,主要与铣刀轴转速和切削深度密切相关.在正交车铣切削颤振稳定域试验过程中,切削力频谱分析的结果表明:当刀齿切入频率在力频谱中起主导作用时,切削过程是无颤振和稳定的;当系统结构模态频率在力频谱中起主导作用时,将产生颤振并测得切削力和表面粗糙度值都大于或高于无颤振情况.因此该理论模型及仿真结果可以有效预测正交车铣偏心加工颤振稳定性,为其加工表面质量和加工效率提供理论指导.     

铣削加工过程的动态稳定性极限分析

在铣削过程中,由于系统模型的非线性和复杂性,加工过程参数很难控制.利用matlab软件,对铣削过程中主轴转速和轴向极限切削深度的关系进行了仿真,分析了系统切削参数对切削稳定性的影响.由仿真结果知,轴向极限切深随着主轴转速的增大呈现周期性变化,系统径向切削参数增大使轴向极限切深变小,增大系统阻尼使轴向极限切深增大.     

Dynamics and cutting stability of the dynamically loaded worktable subjected to simply supported conditions

This paper aims to explore the dynamic characteristics and cutting stability of a surface grinder. In simulated grinding, the dynamically loaded worktable is described by the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. In the model, the elastic worktable has both ends simply supported on a movable and massless rigid base. The analysis of the dynamics and stability of the worktable is complex due to the operating worktable being dynamically loaded in variable positions. With the Lagrange energy method combined with the assumed mode expansion method, the system dynamic equations are derived and a state space model for the dynamically loaded worktable subjected to simply supported conditions is developed. In this study, the maximum negative real part of the overall dynamic compliance and the limiting depth of cut are used as indicators to assess the structural static and dynamic performance of the worktable in various positions. The effects of worktable damping, contact stiffness, and damping between the tool and the workpiece on the system performance are studied. Based on the regenerative chatter and stability theory, the 3D stability lobes diagram is analyzed to optimize the maximum depth of cut at the highest available spindle speed. The cutting stability is verified by comparing the results obtained in the time domain analysis with the stability lobe diagram. The procedure illustrated in this study to improve the dynamics performance of a surface grinder can also be implemented in a similar fashion for many machine tool applications.     

铝合金薄壁件高速精密车削加工的应用工艺研究

针对铝合金薄壁件的高速精密车削进行应用研究.专用向心结构夹具的设计应用,使得零件的几何精度特别是同轴度得到了有效的提高,为高速精密车削的正交试验奠定了必不可少的基础条件.PCD刀具切削铝合金的正交试验优化切削参数的研究,结果表明：在稳定的高速车削环境下,切削速度和切削深度对切削力和表面粗糙度影响较小,合理的进给速度是提升零件表面加工质量的关键因素.具有很强的实用性.     

INFLUENCE OF MATERIAL REMOVAL ON THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES IN PERIPHERAL MILLING

Machining is a material removal process that alters the dynamic properties during machining operations. The peripheral milling of a thin-walled structure generates vibration of the workpiece and this influences the quality of the machined surface. A reduction of tool life and spindle life can also be experienced when machining is subjected to vibration. In this paper, the linearized stability lobes theory allows us to determine critical and optimal cutting conditions for which vibration is not apparent in the milling of thin-walled workpieces. The evolution of the mechanical parameters of the cutting tool, machine tool and workpiece during the milling operation are not taken into account. The critical and optimal cutting conditions depend on dynamic properties of the workpiece. It is illustrated how the stability lobes theory is used to evaluate the variation of the dynamic properties of the thin-walled workpiece. We use both modal measurement and finite element method to establish a 3D representation of stability lobes. The 3D representation allows us to identify spindle speed values at which the variation of spindle speed is initiated to improve the surface finish of the workpiece.     

INFLUENCE OF MATERIAL REMOVAL ON THE DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES IN PERIPHERAL MILLING

Machining is a material removal process that alters the dynamic properties during machining operations. The peripheral milling of a thin-walled structure generates vibration of the workpiece and this influences the quality of the machined surface. A reduction of tool life and spindle life can also be experienced when machining is subjected to vibration. In this paper, the linearized stability lobes theory allows us to determine critical and optimal cutting conditions for which vibration is not apparent in the milling of thin-walled workpieces. The evolution of the mechanical parameters of the cutting tool, machine tool and workpiece during the milling operation are not taken into account. The critical and optimal cutting conditions depend on dynamic properties of the workpiece. It is illustrated how the stability lobes theory is used to evaluate the variation of the dynamic properties of the thin-walled workpiece. We use both modal measurement and finite element method to establish a 3D representation of stability lobes. The 3D representation allows us to identify spindle speed values at which the variation of spindle speed is initiated to improve the surface finish of the workpiece.