共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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通过苯磺隆除草剂的模拟实验,研究了除草剂对土壤动物的影响。本实验共获得土壤动物1031个,隶属3门、5纲、9目。其中弹尾目和甲螨亚目为优势类群,其余为常见类群。本实验结果表明,随着苯磺隆除草剂处理浓度的提高,土壤动物种类和数量呈递减趋势。弹尾目和甲螨亚目可作为农药污染的重要指示生物。 相似文献
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通过对衡南县紫色土5种生境中的土壤动物进行调查研究,共获得土壤动物1657只,隶属于4门9纲37目,其中优势类群2类,常见类群11类。探讨了5种生境中土壤动物群落结构特征,并进行了多样性、均匀性及相似性分析。 相似文献
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对大兴安岭北部塔河县7个森林群落的土壤动物进行研究,将该区土壤动物划分为腐食性、植食性和捕食性动物=三个功能类群,无论个体数量还是生物量,腐食性动物所占比例都最大,而植食性和捕食件动物所占比例较小.土壤动物各功能类群在组成、个体数量和生物量等方面均具有相对稳定性,并在一定程度上反映了环境质量.土壤环境条件优越的群落,腐食性动物的个体数量及生物量所占比例相应较大.与小兴安岭森林土壤动物相比,大兴安岭地区腐食性动物所占比例减小.植食性和捕食性动物所占比例相应增加.各地区的共有类群反映了大环境的相似程度,而特有类群则反映出各自局地环境的特殊性,它们对生态系统具有指示作用. 相似文献
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通过对土壤有机磷形态测定及其与土壤有效磷、小麦幼苗吸磷量、黑麦幼苗吸磷量、幼苗试验土壤有机磷矿化量的相关分析,研究了土壤有机磷形态的生物有效性。结果表明:反映土壤供磷状况及植物磷素营养状况的一些相关指标,如有效磷、黑麦草幼苗吸磷量与有机磷组分无明显直线相关关系,不能说明土壤有机磷形态的有效性。而幼苗试验土壤有机磷的矿化量、小麦幼苗吸磷量可以从一个侧面反映土壤有机磷形态的有效性。总的趋势是活性有机磷和中等活性有机磷表现出较高的有效性,高稳性有机磷有效性最低。 相似文献
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本文通过访问德国前土壤学会主席以及有关文献的查对、研究,介绍了德国土壤科学的主要研究进展,包括德国土壤科学的起源、国家与国际合作、土壤发生学研究、土壤制图与分类、土壤化学与矿物学、土壤物理和生态系统研究等方面的代表性人物与主要研究进展,希望能对我国同行有些启发和借鉴作用。 相似文献
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Yvonne O’Connor Ciara Heavin Joe Gallagher John O’Donoghue 《Behaviour & Information Technology》2017,36(7):745-753
In relation to mobile health (mHealth) initiatives, early engagement by potential end users has been established to have a positive impact both in the medium- to long-term adoption of the solution. However, there remains a paucity of research which focuses on participant recruitment for mHealth initiatives in developing countries. The objective of this paper, therefore, is to examine community health workers’ (CHWs’) intentions to participate in a mHealth pilot study in Malawi, Africa. A conceptual model with three characteristics is derived from the existing literature which may influence a CHW’s intentions: namely, (1) participant, (2) pilot study, and (3) social and contextual characteristics. A paper-based survey of CHWs was employed to examine the model, analysed using the partial least squares method of structural equation modelling. This study reveals that participant and pilot study characteristics primarily influence the decision-making process of CHWs when considering their participation in pilot studies. Health policy-makers and professionals should focus on reducing uncertainty by promoting the importance of the study at individual and societal levels and ensuring that potential end users are competent interacting and using mHealth. 相似文献
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This study investigates how differences in the use of online health information and social media affect the use of online health services. We attempt to predict the extent to which the use of social media and online health information prompt individuals to use online health services. We draw upon a combination of sociology and communication studies and integrate relational maintenance assumptions regarding the quality of online social relationships to promote the importance of health empowerment factors–socio-demographic characteristics, internet attitudes and health status models to predict the likelihood of using online health services. The study’s sample consists of 1406 individuals using the Internet, including 633 individuals using the Internet and social media to look for health information. The study’s results provide evidence that (a) online health information empowers most of the examined individuals to use online health services; (b) among all social media only those that offer consulting have a significant effect on the likelihood of using online health services. The implications of these findings support that a conceptual integration of CMC and social media use theories along with health empowerment assumptions, is a promising theoretical framework to test the effectiveness of social media use in prompting use of online health services. The practical applications for health management are highlighted as well. Finding practical and affordable ways to support the use of social media and encourage access to online health information and use of online health services could improve health literacy and self-management of health at the individual level and increase the efficiency in the provision of health services at the institutional level. 相似文献
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《Ergonomics》2012,55(5):534-546
Occupational health and safety is one of the most important topics of ergonomics. In many countries the practical issues are addressed in worker protection laws or rules and most companies have some sort of occupational health and safety system. As with many other ergonomics approaches, such activities are often necessary because of legal requirements. Such efforts are often viewed by management as primarily cost intensive. To change this image, it would be helpful to have a more positive, management-oriented approach. Corporate health management as a module of an integrated management system can fulfil this goal. 相似文献
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In home health care (HHC) operations, nurses are scheduled and routed to perform various services at clients' homes. As this often requires a combination of vehicle routing and scheduling approaches, resulting optimization problems are complex and, hence, of high interest to stakeholders such as researchers, practitioners and policy-makers. With demand for HHC expected to increase substantially, future work is essential to decrease costs and to guarantee service quality. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of current work in the field of HHC routing and scheduling with a focus on considered problem settings. Recent advances in HHC optimization are highlighted and future research directions discussed. 相似文献
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Musculoskeletal disorders are one of leading causes of work related ill health and sickness absence. Those drive as part of their job may be at particular risk, with evidence suggesting that prolonged exposure to driving is associated with increased absence from work due to low back pain. Business drivers often work away from a traditional office environment. Such mobile working may pose greater risks to occupational health due to increased ergonomic risks, for example working from the car, longer working hours and a lack of concern amongst drivers about health and safety. It has been suggested that occupational health practices have not adapted to meet the needs of peripatetic workers. The current study explored how occupational health services are delivered to business drivers. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with a sample of 31 stakeholders in 4 organisations. Respondents included, health and safety professionals, occupational health nurses, fleet managers and high mileage business drivers. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using ‘Template Analysis’. The data revealed that, within these organisations, the provision of occupational health services was often fragmented and drivers and other key stakeholders were often unaware of the existing systems within their organisations. The peripatetic nature of business drivers meant that they were difficult for occupational health teams to reach. The paper concludes by presenting recommendations for occupational health professionals and researchers engaged with improving the health of peripatetic workers, namely that occupational health policies should be integrated in company strategy and widely disseminated to drivers and those with responsibility for managing their occupational health provision. 相似文献
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石墨烯具有非凡的物理及电学性质,如高比表面积、高导电性、高机械强度、易于修饰及大规模生产等.2004年石墨烯的成功剥离,使石墨烯成为形成纳米尺寸晶体管和电路的"后硅时代"的新潜力材料,其产品研发和应用目前正在全球范围内急剧增加,本文通过对石墨烯特性、制备方法、国内外研究及应用现状、未来发展展望几方面进行了综述,希望对石... 相似文献