新型餐具洗涤剂的研制

用正交实验优化了餐具洗涤剂的配方,对其去污力和泡沫性能进行了测定。结果表明,最佳工艺条件为:原料比例LAS∶AES∶6501=12∶9∶1(质量比),在温度50℃混合1 5h。产品泡沫丰富,稳定性好,去污力强。     

液体餐具洗涤剂的配方趋向

文章介绍了近年来液体餐具洗涤剂零售额在英国日趋增长。新产品开发向浓缩型发展，新型表面活性剂在配方中正被研究使用：在增加活性物浓度的同时，强调对皮肤温和及有利于环境。本文还叙述了手洗餐具洗涤剂的评价试验方法。     

手洗餐具洗涤剂的配方研究

创造性地利用十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(SLES)、烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)椰油酰胺丙基甜菜碱和椰油酰胺DEA等来研发最佳餐洗洗涤剂的配方。     

杀菌餐具洗涤剂的研制

研制了杀菌餐具洗涤剂,对碘、ＤＰ３００（玉洁新）、二氧化氯作了杀菌实验比较,结果表明：碘、玉洁新、二氧化氯的杀菌率都达到９９．９％以上,但碘的稳定性差,从而在一定程度上影响了其杀菌效果。玉洁新虽然性质稳定,杀菌力高,但价格较贵,而二氧化氯而无论从稳定性、杀菌效果、价格、安全卫生等各方面综合测试,得出其作为杀菌剂添加人洗涤剂中较为适宜。     

餐具液体洗涤剂概略

介绍了餐具液体洗涤剂产品现状、针对原料选择、配方设计、质量标准等方面的内容作了较为全面的概述。     

餐具洗涤剂的配制技术（四）

6 助剂的配入清洗餐具时,除了要通过润湿、乳化、悬浮等作用去除碟子上的油垢外,还需具备诸如软化水质,漂白、抑泡、对机器防腐蚀等各种功能,因此需要加入助剂;就配方本身,为了保证产品的各种表观性能,也要有助剂加入。以下介绍机洗产品的五种功能性助剂及配方例。     

餐具洗涤剂市场分析

为了探究当前国内在售餐具洗涤剂的特征和水平,采集市面上常见的不同厂家的9款主流餐具洗涤剂样品,分析其功效宣称,测试其总活性物含量、阴离子含量、黏度和p H值等指标。实验结果表明：市场餐具洗涤剂的宣称朝着多功能方向展开,其外观、活性物含量、p H值、去污力都符合国家标准,黏度在合适的范围内,且以阴离子表面活性剂为主要表面活性剂。     

Optimization of an Alkylpolyglucoside-Based Dishwashing Detergent Formulation

The aim of this work was to formulate and optimize the washing performance of an alkylpolyglucoside-based dishwashing detergent. The liquid detergent was formulated with five ingredients of commercial origin: anionic (linear sodium alkylbenzenesulfonate and sodium laurylethersulfate), nonionic (C₁₂–C₁₄ alkylpolyglucoside) and zwitterionic (a fatty acid amide derivative with a betaine structure) surfactants, and NaCl for viscosity control. In addition to the plate test, other properties were investigated including “cloud point”, viscosity, and emulsion stability. Statistical analysis software was used to generate a central composite experimental design. Then, a second order design and analysis of experiments approach, known as the Response Surface Methodology, was set up to investigate the effects of the five components of the formulation on the studied properties in the region covering plausible component ranges. The method proved to be efficient for locating the domains of concentrations where the desired properties were met.

Formulation and Evaluation of an Automatic Dishwashing Detergent Containing T1 Lipase

The use of enzymes in detergent formulations is becoming popular due to the concerns about the environment. T1 lipase (E.C. 3.1.1.3) was evaluated for its stability and performance in dishwashing along with other common components of an automatic dishwashing detergent. Therefore, the process of formulating the detergent would depend on the stability of T1 lipase, which may also reflect the performance during the washing. T1 lipase was mostly stable in nonionic surfactants, especially those that were made of polyhydric alcohols. T1 lipase was also stable in a mixture of sodium carbonate and glycine. However, sodium carbonate alone destabilized T1 lipase possibly due to the interaction between carbonates and Ca²⁺. These results indicated that polyhydric alcohols and glycine had stabilizing effects on T1 lipase. The dishwashing performance was evaluated in term of percent soil removed. The dishwashing performance of the formulated detergent was positively affected by the increase in temperature but negatively affected by the presence of hard water, specifically Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺. However, T1 lipase was not negatively affected by the presence of hard water, and this enzyme was enhanced by the presence of polyacrylates. The presence of Ca²⁺ improved the structural integrity of T1 lipase. It is generally known that most enzymes that depend on Ca²⁺ for their structural integrity would be greatly destabilized in the presence of metal chelators; thus, stabilizing strategies such as adding glycine would be essential to maintain enzyme activity during the wash.     

餐具洗涤剂复配技术进展

餐具洗涤剂由主要表面活性剂,次要表面活性剂及辅助成分按一定配方复配而成。随着表面活性剂工业的发展,人们对产品的功能性、经济性、人体安全性和环境安全性提出了新的要求,给餐具洗涤剂配方调整带来了要求与希望。该文简要介绍了餐具洗涤剂配方的研究进展。引用文献22篇。     

酶与中国洗涤剂工业的发展

论述中国加酶洗涤剂的发展历程。目前酶制剂正在成为市场竞争的有力武器 ,利用它推出新品、提高产品质量和优化产品性能 /价格比。酶制剂可成为中国洗涤剂组成的明日之星 ,为中国洗涤剂工业发展作出更大贡献。     

三氯新在抗菌洗洁精中的应用研究

将三氯新与普通洗洁精复配 ,制得了w(三氯新 ) =0 3%的抗菌洗洁精。采用抑菌环法做抑菌实验 ,该抗菌洗洁精在稀释至质量分数为 0 2 %时 ,对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑菌环直径分别为 2 8 8mm和 11 5mm。在 5 4℃存放 14d和 37℃存放 90d ,该抗菌洗洁精的抑菌环直径没有变小 ,抑菌效果和稳定性均很满意。急性经口毒性实验表明 ,该抗菌洗洁精半致死量LD50 >5 0 0 0mg/kg ,属实际无毒级。用该抗菌洗洁精洗涤厨房抹布 ,证明抑菌除臭功能显著。该抗菌洗洁精具有较高的实用价值和良好的市场前景。     

Performance and Efficiency of Anionic Dishwashing Liquids with Amphoteric and Nonionic Surfactants

Performance and efficiency of anionic [sodium lauryl ether sulfate (SLES) and sodium α-olefin sulfonate (AOS)] and amphoteric [cocamidopropyl betaine (CAB)] as well as nonionic [cocodiethanol amide (DEA), various ethoxylated alcohols (C₁₂–C₁₅–7EO, C₁₀–7EO and C₉–C₁₁–7EO) and lauramine oxide (AO)] surfactants in various dishwashing liquid mixed micelle systems have been studied at different temperatures (17.0, 23.0 and 42.0 °C). The investigated parameters were critical micelle concentration (CMC), surface tension (γ), cleaning performance and, foaming, biodegradability and irritability of anionic (SLES/AOS) and anionic/amphoteric/nonionic (SLES/AOS/CAB/AO) as well as anionic/nonionic (SLES/AOS/DEA/AO, SLES/AOS/C₁₂-C₁₅-7EO/AO, SLES/AOS/C₁₀–7EO/AO and SLES/AOS/C₉–C₁₁–7EO/AO) dishwashing surfactant mixtures. In comparison to the starting binary SLES/AOS surfactant mixture, addition of various nonionic surfactants promoted CMC and γ lowering, enhanced cleaning performance and foaming, but did not significantly affect biodegradability and irritability of dishwashing formulations. The anionic/nonionic formulation SLES/AOS/C₉–C₁₁–7EO/AO shows both the lowest CMC and γ as well as the best cleaning performance, compared to the other examined dishwashing formulations. However, the results in this study reveal that synergistic behavior of anionic/nonionic SLES/AOS/ethoxylated alcohols/AO formulations significantly improves dishwashing performance and efficiency at both low and regular dishwashing temperatures (17.0 and 42.0 °C) and lead to better application properties.     

模糊变换—正交设计法在配方筛选中的应用

正交实验测定了以皂荚素为主要原料的液体餐具洗涤剂的去污力、刺激性、黏度、泡沫及成本等5个指标。对各指标（y）的实验结果采用公式:ri=（yi-ymin)/(ymax-ymin）或ri=（ymax-yi)/(ymax-ymin)进行评分,再根据各指标的重要性分别赋予不同的权重,然后通过模糊变换方法将多指标转换为单指标（综合评分）后并进行优化,最后得到成本低、去污力强,其他主要性能均达到或超过液体餐具洗涤剂标准的配方。     

洗涤剂发展50年回顾(英)

论述了过去50年来洗涤剂的发展 ,讨论了洗涤剂立法方面的发展。目前的洗涤剂配方是每一个时期的重大改进的最终结果 ,即通过不断增加洗涤剂的各种功能组分、不断优化洗涤剂配方而大大降低每件衣物所需洗涤剂用量以及排入废水中化学组分的含量。     

洗涤剂发展动态

对洗涤产品的现状及发展趋势作了扼要的分析和论述,主要讨论了当前洗涤剂工业界对有磷/无磷洗涤剂的争论,新型温和表面活性剂,酶制剂和漂白体系的作用、发展趋势和面临的挑战,以及片状洗涤剂和凝胶状剂型洗涤剂的最新动态。     

洗衣粉的发展趋势

随着洗涤剂工业的发展,洗衣粉在洗涤剂工业中仍占有重要地位和最大份额。指出了洗衣粉的浓缩化,以及更高浓缩化的片状剂型的发展趋势。对洗衣粉的无磷化问题以有洗衣粉的配方设计进行了讨论。并就洗衣粉今后的发展提出了几点建议。