SRAM激光微束单粒子效应实验研究

结合器件版图,通过对2 k SRAM存储单元和外围电路进行单粒子效应激光微束辐照,获得SRAM器件的单粒子翻转敏感区域,测定了不同敏感区域单粒子翻转的激光能量阈值和等效LET阈值,并对SRAM器件的单粒子闭锁敏感度进行测试.结果表明,存储单元中截止N管漏区、截止P管漏区、对应门控管漏区是单粒子翻转的敏感区域;实验中没有测到该器件发生单粒子闭锁现象,表明采用外延工艺以及源漏接触、版图布局调整等设计对器件抗单粒子闭锁加固是十分有效的.     

驱动能力对SOI SRAM单元单粒子效应的影响仿真

采用silvaco软件对抗辐射不同沟道宽度的PD SOI NMOS器件单元进行了三维SEU仿真,将瞬态电流代入电路模拟软件HSPICE中进行SRAM存储单元单粒子翻转效应的电路模拟。通过这种电路模拟的方法,可以得到SRAM存储单元的LET阈值。通过对比LET阈值的实际测量值,验证了这种方法的实用性,并对不同驱动能力的SRAM单元进行了翻转效应的对比。在NMOS和PMOS驱动比相同的情况下,沟道宽度越大,SRAM的翻转LET阈值反而越高。     

粒子入射条件对28nm SRAM单元单粒子电荷共享效应影响的TCAD仿真研究

利用器件仿真工具TCAD,建立28 nm体硅工艺器件的三维模型,研究了粒子入射条件和器件间距等因素对28 nm体硅工艺器件单粒子效应电荷共享的影响规律。结果表明,粒子LET值增大、入射角度的增大、器件间距的减小和浅槽隔离(STI)深度的减少都会增加相邻器件的电荷收集,增强电荷共享效应,影响器件敏感节点产生的瞬态电流大小;SRAM单元内不同敏感节点的翻转阈值不同,粒子LET值和入射角度的改变会对SRAM单元的单粒子翻转造成影响;LET值和粒子入射位置变化时,多个SRAM单元发生的单粒子多位翻转的位数和位置也会变化。     

PDSOI SRAM单元的单粒子加固方法

通过MEDICI的二维器件模拟,提出不仅在正栅下的体区受到单粒子入射后释放电荷外,漏极也可以在受到单粒子入射后释放干扰电荷.对SOI SRAM单元中器件的漏极掺杂浓度进行优化,可以减小漏极受到单粒子入射所释放的电荷.改进了SOI SRAM的单元结构,可以提高SRAM抗单粒子翻转(SEU)的能力.     

基于入射距离的一维瞬态电流源注入模型研究

在深亚微米工艺下,单粒子效应引入的瞬态电流与粒子入射位置有关。基于粒子入射距离,提出了一种针对电路级仿真的一维瞬态电流源注入模型。结果显示,电流源模型与三维TCAD仿真得到的瞬态电流形状拟合更好,NMOS和PMOS器件收集电荷量的计算误差分别下降了66.9%和65.0%。提出的电流源模型能够精确地反映粒子入射位置改变时6T SRAM电路的翻转情况,能更好地用于大规模集成电路的单粒子效应电路级模拟分析。     

一种多模式SRAM单粒子试验系统的设计与实现

提出了一种基于NIOS II的异步SRAM单粒子效应检测系统,用于评估抗辐射加固SRAM电路的抗单粒子效应能力.该检测系统可以对异步SRAM进行四种工作模式下的动态和静态检测,利用该检测系统在重离子加速器上对一款异步SRAM进行了单粒子效应试验,获得了5种离子的试验数据,统计分析后得到了器件的单粒子翻转阈值、单粒子翻转饱和截面和单粒子翻转在轨错误率,并与国外同款电路进行了对比,最后依据试验结果给出了评估结论.     

SRAM单元单粒子翻转效应的电路模拟

在三维器件数值模拟的基础上,以经典的双指数模型为原型通过数值拟合得到了单粒子效应瞬态电流脉冲的表达式,在理论分析的基础上,引入了描述晶体管偏压和瞬态电流关系的方程,并将其带入电路模拟软件HSPICE中进行SRAM存储单元单粒子翻转效应的电路模拟,最后分别使用电路模拟和混合模拟两种方法得到了存储单元的LET阈值,通过在精度和时间开销上的对比,验证了这种模拟方法的实用性.     

SRAM单元单粒子翻转效应的电路模拟

在三维器件数值模拟的基础上,以经典的双指数模型为原型通过数值拟合得到了单粒子效应瞬态电流脉冲的表达式,在理论分析的基础上,引入了描述晶体管偏压和瞬态电流关系的方程,并将其带入电路模拟软件HSPICE中进行SRAM存储单元单粒子翻转效应的电路模拟,最后分别使用电路模拟和混合模拟两种方法得到了存储单元的LET阈值,通过在精度和时间开销上的对比,验证了这种模拟方法的实用性.     

SOI CMOS SRAM单元单粒子翻转效应的模拟

为简单快速模拟静态随机存储器(SRAM)的单粒子效应,在二维器件数值模拟的基础上,以经典的双指数模型为原型,通过数值拟合得到了单粒子效应瞬态电流脉冲的表达式,考虑晶体管偏压对瞬态电流的影响,得到修正的瞬态电流表达式,将其带入电路模拟软件HSPICE中进行SRAM存储单元单粒子翻转效应的电路模拟,通过与实际单粒子实验结果的对比,验证了这种模拟方法的实用性。     

用SOI技术提高CMOS SRAM的抗单粒子翻转能力

提高静态随机存储器（SRAM）的抗单粒子能力是当前电子元器件抗辐射加固领域的研究重点之一。体硅CMOS SRAM不作电路设计加固则难以达到较好抗单粒子能力,作电路设计加固则要在芯片面积和功耗方面做出很大牺牲。为了研究绝缘体上硅（SOI）基SRAM芯片的抗单粒子翻转能力,突破了SOI CMOS加固工艺和128kb SRAM电路设计等关键技术,研制成功国产128kb SOI SRAM芯片。对电路样品的抗单粒子摸底实验表明,其抗单粒子翻转线性传输能量阈值大于61．8MeV／（mg／cm^2）,优于未做加固设计的体硅CMOS SRAM。结论表明,基于SOI技术,仅需进行器件结构和存储单元的适当考虑,即可达到较好的抗单粒子翻转能力。     

Device-Optimization Technique for Robust and Low-Power FinFET SRAM Design in NanoScale Era

In this paper, we propose a methodology to model and optimize FinFET devices for robust and low-power SRAMs. We propose to optimize the gate sidewall offset spacer thickness to simultaneously minimize leakage current and drain capacitance to on-current ratio in FinFET. With the source/drain extension doping controlled at the outer edges of the spacer, the thickness of the spacer determines the channel length. Optimization reduces the sensitivity of the device threshold voltage to the fluctuations in silicon thickness (by 32%) and gate length (by 73%). Our analysis shows that optimization of spacer thickness results in 65% reduction in SRAM cell leakage and improves cell read-failure probability (by 200 X) compared to conventional FinFET SRAM. Access time of an SRAM cell designed with optimized devices is comparable to conventional SRAM. We also compared the optimized-spacer-thickness SRAM cell with one designed using longer gate length and minimum-spacer-thickness transistors. The long-channel-device-based SRAM cell is marginally robust than optimized SRAM; however, increased gate-edge direct-tunneling leakage and parasitic capacitances degrade the power consumption and access time.     

一种P-GaN栅结合混合帽层结构的HEMT器件

为了进一步提升P-GaN栅HEMT器件的阈值电压和击穿电压,提出了一种具有P-GaN栅结合混合掺杂帽层结构的氮化镓高电子迁移率晶体管(HEMT)。新器件利用混合掺杂帽层结构,调节整体极化效应,可以进一步耗尽混合帽层下方沟道区域的二维电子气,提升阈值电压。在反向阻断状态下,混合帽层可以调节栅极右侧电场分布,改善栅边电场集中现象,提高器件的击穿电压。利用Sentaurus TCAD进行仿真,对比普通P-GaN栅增强型器件,结果显示,新型结构器件击穿电压由593 V提升至733 V,增幅达24%,阈值电压由0.509 V提升至1.323 V。     

Quantum-mechanical effects in nanometer scale MuGFETs

Solving the Poisson and Schrödinger equations self-consistently in two dimensions reveals quantum-mechanical effects that influence the electron concentration, the threshold voltage and the subthreshold slope of MuGFETs. The average electron concentration needed to reach the threshold voltage depends on the gate configuration and on the device geometry. The dependence of the energy of the subbands on the different gate configurations is studied, and the relation between threshold voltage and the lowest subband energy is investigated. Due to a dynamic threshold voltage effect, the drain current is lower in the quantum-based drain current model than in classical simulations. This dynamic increase of threshold voltage is due to an increase of the subband energy with the electron concentration. This effect degrades the subthreshold slope. It is observed in non-symmetrical devices (FinFET, tri-gate), but not in symmetrical structures (GAA). This gives symmetrical devices like GAA nanowires an intrinsic advantage compared to the other types of devices.     

Analysis and design of low power SRAM cell using independent gate FinFET

Scaling of bulk MOSFET faces great challenges in nanoscale integration technology by producing short channel effect which leads to increased leakage. FinFET has become the most promising substitute to bulk CMOS technology because of reducing short channel effect. Dual-gate FinFET can be designed either by shorting gates on either side for better performance or both gates can be controlled independently to reduce the leakage and hence power consumption. A six transistor SRAM cell based on independent-gate FinFET technology is described in this paper for simultaneously reducing the active and standby mode power consumption. A work is focused on the independent gate FinFET technology as this mode provides less power consumption, less area consumption and low delay as compared to other modes. Leakage current and power consumption in independent gate FinFET is compared with tied gate or shorted gate FinFET SRAM cell. Moreover, delay has been estimated in presented SRAM cells. Further, leakage reduction technique is applied to independent gate FinFET 6T SRAM cell.     

14 nm FinFET栅围寄生电容的建模与拟合

提出了一种基于保角映射方法的14 nm鳍式场效应晶体管(FinFET)器件栅围寄生电容建模的方法。对FinFET器件按三维几何结构划分寄生电容的种类,再借助坐标变换推导出等效电容计算模型,准确表征了不同鳍宽、鳍高、栅高和层间介质材料等因素对寄生电容的依赖关系。为了验证该寄生电容模型的准确性,对不同结构参数的寄生电容进行三维TCAD仿真。结果表明,模型计算结果与仿真结果的拟合度好,准确地反映了器件结构与寄生电容之间的依赖关系。     

Electrical characteristics of a DSA MOS transistor with a fine structure

Fabrication technologies and electrical characteristics of a diffusion self-aligned MOS transistor (DSA MOST) or a double-diffused MOS transistor (DMOST) are discussed in comparison with a conventional short-channel MOS transistor as a fundamental device for a VLSI. The symmetrical DSA MOS LSI with enhancement depletion configurations requires six photolithographic steps and the number of the steps is the same as that of an NMOS LSI with small physical dimensions. The only difference is the step orders of the enhancement channel doping in these devices. The lowering effects of the threshold voltage and the source drain breakdown voltage are smaller in the DSA MOST than in the conventional MOS transistor. The drain current IDof the symmetrical DSA MOS transistor is, respectively, 1.13 (in the nonsaturation region) and 1.33 (in the saturation region) times larger than that of the conventional short-channel NMOS transistor at the effective gate voltage of 3.0 V. The improvement of the short-channel effect, the current voltage characteristics, and the power-delay product are obtained by the scaling of the DSA MOS transistor.     

Channel-length measurement technique based on a floating-gatedevice

By measuring the threshold voltage of the structure for several drawn channel lengths, ΔL is extracted. This technique is the translation of a capacitance measurement into a threshold measurement and as such is accurate and simple to perform. Since the technique does not involve a current flow through the transistor under test, it is especially advantageous for L_eff measurements on lightly-doped drain (LDD) and double-diffused drain (DDD) short-channel devices     

A one-dimensional theory on the effects of diffusion current and carrier velocity saturation on E-type IGFET current-voltage characteristics

Current-voltage characteristics of an enhancement-type insulated gate field-effect transistor (E-type IGFET) are analyzed based on a one-dimensional model, taking account also of the diffusion current component. Explicit formulae for the entire I-V characteristic curve are given. The solution for the triode characteristic shows considerable deviation from “drift current theory” in terms of turn-on voltage (or threshold voltage) and drain voltage at just saturation. The solution for the pentode characteristic taking account of carrier's saturation velocity, shows that the increase in drain current per unit drain voltage is larger in short-channel devices than in long-channel devices. Agreement with experiment is very good.     

LDO单粒子闩锁效应及维持电流的特性研究

针对一种LDO,研究了重离子Cl、Ge辐照触发的单粒子闩锁(SEL)效应。实验结果表明,输入1.8 V时,SEL电流范围为850~950 mA;输入3.3 V时,SEL电流范围为6.2~6.4 mA。随着限制电流值的增高,退出SEL的时间逐渐增大,最终无法退出。该LDO的SEL维持电流范围为350~400 mA,可通过正常工作电流和允许的中断时间来选择合适的限制电流值。     

Analysis of leakage reduction technique on FinFET based 7T and 8T SRAM cells

We propose a FinFET based 7T and 8T Static Random Access Memory (SRAM) cells. FinFETs also promise to improve challenging performance versus power tradeoffs. Designers can run the transistors more rapidly and use the similar amount of power, compared to the planar CMOS, or run them at the similar performance using less power. The aim of this paper is to reduce the leakage current and leakage power of FinFET based SRAM cells using Self-controllable Voltage Level (SVL) circuit Techniques in 45nm Technology. SVL circuit allows supply voltage for a maximum DC voltage to be applied on active load or can reduce the supplied DC voltage to a load in standby mode. This SVL circuit can reduce standby leakage power of SRAM cell with minimum problem in terms of chip area and speed. High leakage currents in submicron regimes are primary contributors to total power dissipation of bulk CMOS circuits as the threshold voltage V _th, channel length L and gate oxide thickness t _ox are scaled down. The leakage current in the SRAM cell increases due to reduction in channel length of the MOSFET. Two methods are used; one method in which the supply voltage is reduced and other method in which the ground potential is increased. The Proposed FinFET based 7T and 8T SRAM cells have been designed using Cadence Virtuoso Tool, all the simulation results has been generated by Cadence SPECTRE simulator at 45nm technology.