酶预处理对阻燃整理羊毛织物性能的影响

选用Savinase蛋白酶预处理羊毛,再用锆系阻燃剂对羊毛织物进行阻燃整理.探讨酶预处理对羊毛织物阻燃整理的促进作用,并考察酶-阻燃整理后羊毛织物的性能.通过对比阻燃前后织物的红外光谱、燃烧残渣形态的扫描电子显微镜( SEM)照片和热重分析结果,证实Savinase蛋白酶预处理可在一定程度上破坏羊毛表面结构,促进锆系阻...     

羊毛针织物的全酶法改性整理

以脂肪酶作为前处理剂的羊毛蛋白酶改性技术可以使织物面积毡缩率显著下降,白度明显提高,但是织物损伤严重,强力下降显著.文中比较并分析了对羊毛针织物进行脂肪酶预处理,脂肪酶、蛋白酶两步处理,脂肪酶、蛋白酶、TG酶三步处理等改性整理的效果和整理前后羊毛纤维的表面形态,并阐述了TG酶的修复机理.研究表明,经脂肪酶、蛋白酶两步处理的织物若再结合TG酶整理工艺,强力可恢复15.0%～21.3%,同时面积毡缩率进一步下降,白度也有提高.     

等离子体/蛋白酶联合整理对羊毛防缩性能的影响

为改善羊毛织物毡缩性能,运用低温等离子体与蛋白酶结合的方法对羊毛织物进行表面改性,探讨整理后织物毡缩性能和强力的变化.应用SEM观察等离子体/蛋白酶处理对织物表面形貌的影响,应用红外光谱表征改性后织物表面分子结构的变化.结果表明:处理后,织物的表面形态发生了变化,羊毛织物毡缩率不仅下降到5.4％,而且能基本保留羊毛织物原有的强力.由此得出,低温等离子体与蛋白酶联合整理可使羊毛织物获得良好的防毡缩效果.     

羊毛防毡缩处理对染色性能的影响

为了改善羊毛织物毡缩性能,运用低温等离子体与蛋白酶结合的方法对羊毛织物进行表面改性,探讨了整理后织物毡缩性能和强力的变化。通过对染色性能指标的测试,主要探讨了防毡缩整理对羊毛染色性能的影响,应用SEM研究了等离子体/蛋白酶处理对羊毛织物表面形貌的影响。结果表明:处理后织物的表面形态和化学性能都发生了变化,不仅使羊毛织物毡缩率下降到5.4%,而且使羊毛的染色性能得以很大的改善,从而使羊毛的低温染色成为可能。     

专利

专利名称:羊毛防毡缩整理工艺专利申请号:CN201310410320.X公开号:CN103485159A申请日:2013.09.11公开日:2014.01.01申请人:昆山市万丰制衣有限责任公司本发明公开了一种羊毛防毡缩整理工艺,包括如下步骤:将羊毛织物在乙醇水溶液中浸渍除去杂质;进行低温等离子体处理;将织物在含有蛋白酶的整理液中浸轧处理,压力2.5~3 kg/cm2,带液率70%~80%,温度45~55℃,烘干后将织物在115~150℃恒温0.5~2 h.     

羊毛针织物蛋白酶防毡缩整理的工艺研究

由于羊毛纤维表面结构的特殊性 ,导致了羊毛纤维具有毡缩倾向。为此对羊毛织物进行蛋白酶防毡缩整理。文中对碱性蛋白酶MaxacalL、Novozyme 680T和HAP在羊毛针织物的整理进行了研究 ,并探讨了蛋白酶浓度、pH值、温度和时间对整理效果的影响。结果表明 ,MaxacalL蛋白酶处理后的织物防毡缩效果最好     

文摘精粹

壳聚糖整理羊毛织物透湿性能研究;壳聚糖/TiO2复合整理羊毛织物性能研究;酶复合整理改善羊毛织物的防缩性能;稀土氧化物溶胶对羊毛纤维的阻燃改性及其热降解;改善羊毛织物蛋白酶防缩整理中的强力损失……     

固定化蛋白酶在羊毛织物防毡缩整理中的应用

以甲基丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸甲酯共聚物(Eudragit L100)作为载体,实现蛋白酶的固定化并用于羊毛的防毡缩整理。研究采用红外光谱证明了聚合物Eudragit L100的羧基与蛋白酶氨基通过酰胺键键合实现蛋白酶的固定化;SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳结果表明蛋白酶的分子质量从4.1~6.5 k Da增大至固定化后45 k Da以上;固定化蛋白酶的比活性为13.69 U/mg。同时,分析了固定化蛋白酶整理前后羊毛织物的差热扫描量热(DSC)曲线,电子扫描电镜(SEM)照片和织物的抗毡缩性能和力学性能等结果。结果表明,固定化蛋白酶整理羊毛织物减少了羊毛纤维的α-结晶度;固定化蛋白酶对纤维的水解作用控制在纤维表面,减少了对纤维的损伤;织物的面积毡缩率从原毛织物的21.52%降至0.89%;失重率较蛋白酶整理羊毛织物降低21.90%;拉伸断裂强力较蛋白酶整理羊毛织提高13.10%,证明固定化蛋白酶整理羊毛织物不仅赋予织物良好的防毡缩性能,而且保持了良好的服用性能。     

中性蛋白酶对羊毛的防毡缩整理

应用枯草杆菌中性蛋白酶对羊毛织物进行防毡缩整理,通过单因素平行实验研究了蛋白酶浓度、温度、时间以及pH值对防毡缩整理效果的影响,确定了各影响因素的最佳水平.采用优化后的工艺参数,即酶浓度5%(owf),温度40℃,处理时间35 min,pH值7.5,处理羊毛织物,可以使羊毛织物的相对面积毡缩率由未整理布样的9.31%下降到1.99%,达到了机可洗水平.处理后织物的手感、光泽和白度都有了很大的改善.     

蛋白酶和有机硅改性聚氨酯联合防毡缩工艺

为了改善水性聚氨酯对羊毛织物防毡缩处理时用量过大而造成织物发硬、手感差和单独蛋白酶防毡缩整理时强力损伤严重的问题,文章将羊毛织物用蛋白酶Esperase 8.0L预处理后再经有机硅改性水性聚氨酯(WSPU)联合防毡缩整理。探讨了蛋白酶Esperase 8.0L最佳酶活,确定了有机硅改性水性聚氨酯的最佳配比。以羊毛织物的面积毡缩率、强力为评价指标,优化出联合防毡缩整理工艺。该工艺整理后的羊毛织物满足国际羊毛局防毡缩技术标准和市场对机可洗产品的质量要求,整理后织物的柔软性和手感得到改善。采用衰减全反射傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜和织物风格测试对整理前后织物的变化进行了分析和探讨。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press