琼脂糖-DEAE离子交换介质的配基密度和孔径对BSA吸附的影响

离子交换色谱是蛋白质分离纯化的有效方法之一,配基密度和介质孔径是影响蛋白质吸附的关键因素。采用3种不同琼脂糖浓度的凝胶为基质,具有不同的平均孔径,分别偶联上阴离子交换配基DEAE,通过调控反应条件,包括反应温度、反应时间、碱浓度和DEAE浓度,得到了不同配基密度和介质孔径的系列DEAE离子交换介质。考察了牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的静态和动态吸附性能,发现随配基密度增加或介质孔径减小,BSA饱和吸附容量有所增大;对于吸附动力学,介质孔径显著影响有效扩散系数。结果表明,配基密度和介质孔径共同决定了蛋白质的吸附性能,介质孔径主导蛋白质的孔内扩散,而配基密度则影响配基-蛋白质间的相互作用。     

羟基磷灰石抗菌剂的研究

采用正交设计方法,以羟基磷灰石作为载体,银离子和铈离子作为抗菌离子,采用离子交换方法制备羟基磷灰石抗菌剂,考察了硝酸银浓度、反应时间、反应温度和硝酸铈浓度等因素.运用X射线衍射谱研究了影响羟基磷灰石抗菌剂的微观结构;运用抑菌圈法表征所制备的抗菌剂的抗菌性能.研究表明:硝酸银浓度为0.2 mol/L、反应温度为30℃、反应时间为3 h和硝酸铈浓度为0.01 mol/L时对羟基磷灰石抗菌效果最好.     

离子交换树脂吸附分离人凝血酶原复合物研究

用静态方法研究了扩张床用离子交换树脂Streamline DEAE对人凝血酶原复合物（以下简称PCC）的吸附性能，在此基础上初步考察了扩张床条件下的穿透吸附效果。结果表明：在静态条件下，离子强度和缓冲液浓度对平衡吸附量有着较大的影响；Streamline DEAE对PCC的吸附符合Langmuir模型，在15℃和25℃条件下其饱和吸附量分别为66．67mg／g和80．00mg／g。在扩张床条件下，Streamline DEAE对PCC的动态吸附量达36．36mg／mL；用2．0mol／L NaCl、0．01mol／L磷酸缓冲液浓度、pH=7．0的洗脱液对吸附了PCC的凝胶树脂进行洗脱，静态洗脱率达80％以上，动态洗脱曲线表明有较好的洗脱效果。Streamline DEAE对PCC的吸附洗脱性能表明，该树脂可用于扩张床吸附分离PCC的工艺。     

强酸性离子交换树脂催化合成乙酸乙酯动力学

在间歇釜式反应器中研究了D072型强酸性离子交换树脂催化合成乙酸乙酯的反应动力学。在消除内外扩散的条件下,测定了不同催化剂用量和不同反应温度条件下反应体系中乙酸浓度随反应时间的变化,并采用初始反应速率法求动力学模型参数。在催化剂与乙酸的质量比为0.01665-0.08326,温度为326.2-347.2K和常压的条件下,得到动力学方程的频率因子为74534584.79L／（mol·min）,活化能为65588．40J／mol。在实验范围内对获得的动力学方程进行验证,计算值与实验值吻合较好,最大相对偏差小于8．3％。     

流动注射-离子交换分离富集-分光光度法测定石煤渣中痕量钽

研究了采用流动注射技术进行痕量钽的离子交换分离富集，在0．30mol／L HCl介质中，Ta（V）与Cl^-形成配阴离子，被离子交换树脂交换富集，用0．50mol／L HNO3-2．5％柠檬酸溶液洗脱，用偶氮氟胂-Ⅲ（FAsA-Ⅲ）分光光度法测定。有色配合物的最大吸收波长为650nm，钽的质量浓度在0-600μg／L范围内符合比尔定律，方法的检出限为1．1μg／L。经分离后。钽的测定灵敏度可提高数倍，大量共存离子不干扰钽的测定。该法已应用于石煤渣中痕量钽的测定，结果令人满意。     

水氯镁石制备高纯氢氧化镁阻燃剂的研究

以水氯镁石和氨水为原料,利用直接沉淀法制备高纯氢氧化镁阻燃剂。研究了氯化镁浓度、氨水浓度、反应温度对制备氢氧化镁阻燃剂纯度的影响,确定了制备高纯氢氧化镁阻燃剂的最佳工艺条件,其最佳工艺条件为：氯化镁浓度在2．5～3．0mol／L的范围内、氨水浓度为4．0mol／L、反应温度60℃,反应时间60min。     

Fenton试剂处理褐藻胶生产废水

本研究以褐藻胶生产废水为实验时象,实验表明,pH值、反应温度、Fe^2 浓度、H202浓度以及反应时间五个因素时褐藻胶废水降解效果的影响程度依次是Fe^2 浓度＞反应时间＞反应温度＞pH值＞H2O2浓度．实验确定的降解褐藻胶废水的最佳条件为Fe^2 浓度：4．0mol／L,反应时间：60min,反应温度：40℃,pH=3．0,H202浓度为0．10mol／L;在此条件下COD去除率为59．5％,处理后废水的COD为60mgOrrL,达到了排放标准。     

海岛型阳离子交换纤维的研究

阐述了海岛型阳离子交换纤维的制备方法,对交联、磺化过程中的硫酸浓度,多聚甲醛的添加量,反应时间,反应温度等对离子交换容量的影响进行了讨论。     

离子交换法合成非晶态铝硅酸盐抗菌材料研究

合成了以非晶态铝硅酸盐为基体,银离子作为主要抗菌成分的无机抗菌剂粉体。通过改变离子交换反应中溶液的抗菌离子浓度、反应时间等因素,探讨了用离子交换法制备载银非晶态铝硅酸盐抗菌粉体的最佳工艺和条件。利用电子显微镜扫描技术、X射线衍射技术和抗菌性能测试,对非晶态铝硅酸盐及其抗菌材料的结构与性能进行表征与考察。研究表明：非晶态铝硅酸盐粒径较小,粒径分布范围窄,具有良好的离子交换和吸附性能。恒温下载银的离子交换反应,必须严格控制pH值,应注意银离子浓度不宜大于0．3mol／L。同时载入锌离子或铜离子,并不与银离子明显地互相干扰,相反有利于稳定无机抗菌剂中银离子的存在。所合成的抗菌材料样品,对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽胞杆菌和绿脓杆菌等,均表现出良好的抗菌、抑菌性能。     

Ce4+引发丙烯酸甲酯在玉米淀粉上接枝共聚反应的研究

淀粉与乙烯基单体接枝共聚是淀粉化学改性的重要方法，该聚合物具有合成和天然高分子的优良性能，在生物降解塑料中有很好应用。本文以硝酸铈铵为引发剂，引发丙烯酸甲酯与玉米淀粉的接枝共聚反应，重点研究了引发剂浓度、单体浓度、反应温度、反应时问对接枝共聚反应的影响规律。用红外光谱来测定反应产物的结构，α淀粉酶测定接枝共聚物的生物降解性能。实验结果表明：丙烯酸甲酯的浓度为1．20mol／L，引发剂硝酸铈铵的浓度为3．5mmol／L，最佳反应温度为34℃，反应时间在3．0-3．5h。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料，介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比，介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序，对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

Inorganic/organic nanocomposite coatings: The next step in coating performance

Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled. An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible. UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago, IL.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Some Large Wood-Boring Beetles in Southeastern USA

Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA.