掺杂元素对Ni-Mn-Ga合金马氏体相变和磁性能的影响

研究了添加微量的Fe、Co、Al、Si合金元素对Ni-Mn-Ga合金的马氏体相变和磁性能的影响作用.结果表明微量Fe的掺杂可显著提高合金的马氏体相变温度(Ms)而不降低居里温度(Tc);掺Co后Ms基本不变而Tc明显升高;Al使Ms升高,Si使Ms降低,而对Tc均影响不大.微量的掺杂元素并不改变合金的晶体结构,掺杂合金仍然具有热弹性形状记忆效应,并且在磁场作用下可以产生增强的形状记忆效应.     

Tb在多晶Ni-Mn-Ga合金中的存在行为及对磁性能的影响

研究表明,适当地添加稀土Tb在明显提高Ni50Mn29Ga21合金力学性能的同时,可以保持材料原有的居里温度和饱和磁化强度基本不变.微区成份能谱分析表明,稀土Tb在材料中主要存在于晶界.晶界上的Tb对材料的磁性能没有贡献,同时对晶粒内部Mn原子局域磁矩及其交换作用没有明显的影响.     

MgO(001)基片上沉积Ni-Mn-Ga薄膜相变行为和磁性能研究

采用室温沉积高温退火的方式在单晶MgO(001)基片上制备了具有马氏体相变的铁磁Ni-Mn-Ga薄膜。沉积态薄膜呈柱状晶结构,高温退火后柱状晶的晶界变得模糊。溅射气压为0.5Pa和0.2Pa的薄膜的马氏体相变起始温度分别为290K和332K,溅射气压改变了薄膜成分,进而改变了相变温度。根据300K测得的磁化曲线,退火后溅射气压为0.5Pa和0.2Pa的薄膜分别显示出软磁和硬磁特性,这与M-T曲线的结果是相符的。室温下,0.5Pa薄膜的磁畴形貌呈现出迷宫状;而0.2Pa样品则显现出马氏体的浮凸,与它的磁畴形貌直接关联。     

外磁场对Ni-Mn-Ga磁性形状记忆合金相变应变及显微组织的影响

研究了外磁场对Ni52Mn24.6Ga23.4(%,原子分数)单晶马氏体相变及其相变应变的影响,并对磁场增强相变应变的微观机制进行了探讨。研究结果表明无外加磁场时,NiMnGa合金发生马氏体相变时可产生约0.3%的收缩形变,沿单晶[100]方向施加外磁场,其相变应变随磁场的增加而呈近线性增加。当外磁场强度为6.37×105A/m时,应变量达到最大值(3.5%)。磁场作用下冷却形成的马氏体虽然孪晶亚结构不变,但自协作组态消失,并伴随有孪晶板条的增厚。磁场对马氏体相变应变的增强效应来自于磁场作用下的马氏体变体的择优取向。     

材料状态对NiTi形状记忆合金相变行为的影响

用金相显微镜观察了冷加工和固溶状态的显微组织形貌,用示差热量扫描法(DSC)系统研究了冷加工、固溶和时效处理对近等原子比的NiTi形状记忆合金的相变温度的影响。试验结果表明,冷加工态NiTi合金组织形态呈纤维状,固溶处理后组织形态呈等轴状。冷加工带来的大量变形缺陷抑制了热弹性马氏体的相变;冷加工态NiTi合金直接进行时效发生了P→M相变;经固溶处理后再进行时效则发生了P→R→M相变。NiTi合金在不同的热处理条件下发生了不同类型的热弹性马氏体相变。分析认为,应力、位错密度及析出相对NiTi合金热弹性马氏体的相变行为有重要的影响。     

热处理对Ni47Ti44Nb9记忆合金相变温度的影响

研究了热处理对Ni47Ti44Nb9记忆合金相变温度的影响,利用示差扫描量热分析仪(DSC)和电阻-温度测量仪等实验手段观察和分析了记忆合金不同热处理后的马氏体相变温度变化.Ni47Ti44Nb9合金马氏体相变温度主要是由成分决定的,然而退火温度和冷却速度也影响Ni47Ti44Nb9合金的马氏体相变温度,退火温度越高,冷却速度越大,相变温度就越高.     

磁性形状记忆材料Ni-Mn-Ga,研究现状

Ni-Mn-Ga是一种新发展起来的磁性形状记忆材料,除具有较大的可逆恢复应变量和恢复力外,又具有很高的响应频率,是一种极具工程应用前景的新型功能材料。本文系统概述了Ni-Mn-Ga合金的晶体结构、马氏体相变、应力应变行为及其形状记忆效应机制的研究现状,并指出了需深入研究的问题。     

Fe对Ni-Mn-Ga合金微丝形状记忆效应的影响

以Ni-Mn-Ga合金微丝为基础分析Fe元素掺杂前后对合金微丝的形状记忆效应的变化。用真空磁控钨极电弧熔炼炉制备Ni-Mn-Ga-Fe合金,并用高真空精密熔体抽拉设备将母合金制备成微丝。采用EDS能谱分析仪、DSC差示扫描量热分析仪、XRD、DMA动态机械分析仪,研究Fe元素掺杂Ni-Mn-Ga合金微丝后的物相、马氏体相变行为、微丝的形状记忆效应。结果表明,Ni-Mn-Ga-Fe合金微丝显示的是四方结构马氏体相和面心立方结构奥氏体相的混合相,对微丝采用步进式阶梯有序化热处理,有序化热处理能有效降低微丝内部缺陷,释放内应力,细化微丝内部晶粒,收缩晶格体积,马氏体孪晶界面更加平直,孪晶面更易移动,微丝的伸长率提高。在258 K下对制备态Ni-Mn-Ga-Fe合金微丝进行单程形状记忆的测试,拉伸到350 MPa后卸载到0 MPa,随后将微丝升温到奥氏体态后,应变恢复率为78.75%,而在289K对有序化热处理态Ni-Mn-Ga-Fe合金微丝进行单程形状记忆测试,应变恢复率达到100%。在126 MPa和240 MPa下分别对有序化热处理态三元Ni-Mn-Ga合金微丝和Ni-Mn-Ga-Fe合...     

Fe对β基Co-Ni-Al合金马氏体相变和磁性转变的影响

利用金相和SEM显微组织分析技术,示差扫描量热法(DSC)和振动磁力计(VSM)考察了Fe元素对Co38Ni33Al29和Co72-xNixAl28合金马氏体相变和铁磁性转变的影响。研究发现对于1623K×2h淬火的Co38-xNi33Al29Fex合金,最初的2%Fe使Curie点提高了15K,但随着Fe含量提高,Curie点增加速度提高,在8%Fe范围内平均每1%Fe元素使Curie点大约提高20K。用2%Fe元素代替Co72-xNixAl28合金中同等含量的Co元素时,1623K×2h淬火后Curie点升高20~30K,马氏体相变温度降低150~170K;1523K×12h淬火后Curie点升高30~70K,马氏体相变温度降低50~130K。在β基Co-Ni-Al合金基础上,用Fe元素代替Co元素提高Curie点,降低马氏体相变温度,但扩大了Tc>Tm的CoNiAlFe铁磁性形状记忆合金的成分范围,使其向富Ni低Co、Al方向移动。用平均s+d电子浓度解释了马氏体相变温度和Curie点的变化。     

铁基形状记忆合金马氏体相变研究进展

铁基形状记忆合金的形状记忆效应和超弹性取决于合金的马氏体相变特征,掌握铁基合金的马氏体相变规律是开发和优化铁基形状记忆合金的前提。根据马氏体相变类型将目前发现的铁基形状记忆合金分成3类：Fe-Mn-Si系,Fe-Ni-Co系和Fe-Pt／Fe-Pd系,分别阐述了3类铁基形状记忆合金马氏体相变的研究进展,总结了铁基合金形状记忆效应的不同机理和影响马氏体相变特征的各种因素,探讨了开发新型铁基形状记忆合金的需要关注的方向。     

Phase transformations in sputtered Ni-Mn-Ga magnetic shape memory alloy thin films

Ni-Mn-Ga magnetic shape memory alloy films have been prepared by the DC magnetron sputtering technique. As-deposited films show a quasi-amorphous structure that crystallizes at ~ 500 K. Crystallization study using Kissinger's analysis reveals a relatively low activation energy indicating partial crystallinity in the films. In situ X-ray diffraction studies show reversible martensite phase transformations, and phase segregation to non-transforming L1₂ precipitates at higher temperatures. It was observed that the phase segregation can be suppressed by low temperature heat treatment.     

Effect of ageing on the reverse martensitic phase transformation behaviors of a CuAlMn shape memory alloy

The effect of ageing on the reverse martensitic phase transformation (MT) behaviors of the Cu-11.9Al-2.5Mn (wt.%) alloy was studied and correlated to the microstructures changes in the present study. It is found that both the temperatures and the heights of the internal friction peaks arising from the reverse MT vary non-monotonously with the ageing temperatures due to the annihilation of quenched-in vacancies during the ageing at relatively low temperatures and the decomposition of β phase during the ageing at relatively high temperatures.     

影响Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni形状记忆合金相变点的因素

研究了变形量和回复退火温度对Fe-14Mn-5Si-8Cr-4Ni形状记忆合金相变点的影响。结果表明：当回复退火温度为673K时，Af点和Ms点都随变形量的增加而显著增加，As点增加较缓慢；303K加热前和加热后合金电阻率之差△ρ也随变形量的增加而增加，可回复变形量随变形量的变化与△ρ的变化是一致的。Fe-Mn-Si-Cr-Ni形状记忆合金的形状回复来源于应力诱发γ→ε马氏体转变及其逆转变；当变形量为10%时，Ms点随回复退火温度的增加而显著下降。     

铁磁形状记忆合金Ni-Mn-Ga薄膜制备工艺研究

铁磁形状记忆合金（FSMA）是种新型智能材料，Ni—Mn—Ga合金是这种材料的典型代表。本文使用ECR磁控溅射方法在NaCl晶片上制备出了Ni—Mn—Ga薄膜，并对其制备溅射功率进行了探讨。通过对薄膜成分和表面性质的分析，知22．5W为其制备的最佳功率。对沉积在玻璃片上的薄膜进行衍射分析各其为有序化程度不高的晶态。     

Martensitic transformation behaviors and magnetic properties of Ni-Mn-Ga rapidly quenched ribbons

In this paper, the phase transformation behaviors and structures of Ni₅₀Mn_28 + xGa_22 − x (x = 0, 1, 2, 3) alloys and ribbons as well as the magnetic properties of ribbons are discussed. Rapidly quenching process decreases the degree of order and introduces some internal stress, which influences the martensitic transformation temperatures of the ribbons. The structures of the ribbons become 7 M modulated, which is different from the 5 M modulated martensite of the corresponding bulk materials. Higher annealing temperature and annealing under magnetic field are all in favor of the magnetization of the ribbons, and this is related to the enhancement of orientation perpendicular to the surface of the ribbons.     

Characterization of phase transformation behavior in electrolytically produced indium-thallium shape memory alloy films

Indium-thallium alloys in the range 15–38 at. % Tl were electrodeposited from a sulfate electrolyte by using pulsed current. The relationship between composition and phase structure of the alloys deposited was investigated with regard to the shape memory effect. To date there have been no reported experimental studies describing the electrodeposition of In---Tl alloys capable of undergoing such transformations. Not only did the deposited alloys exhibit the shape memory effect, but the composition-phase relationship exhibited was shown to deviate from that reported for alloys in an equilibrium condition. The results show that the temperature and the temperature interval for the transformation of the electrodeposited alloys are substantially different from those of the thermally prepared alloys. The shape recovery for the electrodeposited alloys was also confirmed.