One-dimensional nano-structure of Cu-Zn-AI alloy

Cu-Zn-A1 alloy of one dimensional nano-structure was prepared and the structure of obtained nano-material was characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM). It was shown that there are non-linear oscillations on the surface of Cu-Zn-A1 alloy and the consanguineous connection exists between non-linear oscillation and the growth process of one dimensional nanostructure. The diameter of one dimensional nano-structure is about 40 nm, and the ratio of length to diameter is over 40. Finally, the growth mechanism of one dimensional nano-structure was also studied.     

Cu—Zn—AL记忆合金的热稳定性

本文研究了Cu—Zn—Al形状记忆合金在加热过程中的稳定性。实验结果表明:Cu—Zn—Al合金记忆效应的实际使用温度决定于该合金的贝氏体转变温度,合金中的贝氏体相变至少在长大阶段是扩散控制的。Cu—Zn—Al合金中Mn元素的加入使合金中的扩散能较快地进行,因而降低了合金记忆效应的热稳定性。     

TEM and HREM study on the fine structure and the interfacial structure of bainite

The fine structure of bainite,the morphology and distribution of carbide in steels and the morphology of bainite in Cu-Zn-Al alloys have been investigated with TEM.The interfacial structure ledges and interfacial crystal lattice images of Cu-Zn-Al alloys have also been investigated with HREM.The addition of alloying microelements can fine the structure of bainitic ferrite markedly.The bainitic ferrite is composed of subunits or subchunks.The carbides differ in morphologies and are distributed in between laths,inside the plates and on the boundaries of subunits.There are abundant fine structures in bainitic ferrite.In the primary bainite of Cu-Zn-Al alloy there are interfacial structure ledges,the height of which is about 3 -40 nm,equal to 15-200 atomic layers.The phase transformation mechanism of bainite is discussed.     

SINGLE CRYSTAL GROWTH OF Cu BASED SHAPE MEMORYALLOYANDITSTHERMODYNAMICANALYSIS

ＳＩＮＧＬＥＣＲＹＳＴＡＬＧＲＯＷＴＨＯＦＣｕＢＡＳＥＤＳＨＡＰＥＭＥＭＯＲＹＡＬＬＯＹＡＮＤＩＴＳＴＨＥＲＭＯＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＡＮＡＬＹＳＩＳＳＩＮＧＬＥＣＲＹＳＴＡＬＧＲＯＷＴＨＯＦＣｕＢＡＳＥＤＳＨＡＰＥＭＥＭＯＲＹＡＬＬＯＹＡＮＤＩＴＳＴＨＥＲ...     

热循环对Cu－Zn－Al合金双程记忆效应的影响

本文研究了热循环对Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ形状记忆合金双程记忆效应的影响。结果表明：双程记忆恢复率随着热循环次数的增加而不断衰减。     

重新训练对Cu－Zn－Al合金组织与记忆性能的影响

用约束训练法对热循环后的Ｃｕ－Ｚｎ－Ａｌ形状记忆合金进行了重新训练．结果表明，热循环导致的记忆衰减可以通过重新训练予以改善．透射电镜和Ｘ射线衍射分析指出，重新训练后，发生了马氏体的再取向，因热循环而引入的细条状、台阶状及交叉状变体大部分消除，马氏体内的位错密度降低，有序度增高，从而改善了合金的记忆性能．     

6061铝合金铣削工艺参数多目标优化

铝合金加工工艺参数的选择是影响铝合金零件加工效率和加工质量、降低制造成本、提高设备使用寿命的关键因素。以6061铝合金为研究对象,对铝合金铣削工艺参数多目标优化进行了研究。以主轴转速、进给速度、轴向进给量、径向进给量和刀具直径为实验因素,进行了五因素五水平铣削正交实验,采用遗传算法优化的反向传播神经网络预测模型建立铣削参数与表面粗糙度之间的非线性关系。在此基础上,建立了以材料去除率和加工表面粗糙度为优化目标的多目标铣削参数优化模型,使用基于NSGA-II算法开发的gamultiobj函数对优化模型进行求解。结果表明,优化后的6061铝合金高速铣削工艺参数范围为主轴转速12 000~13 000 r·min^-1,径向进给量0.19~0.21 mm,进给速度1272~1300 mm·min^-1,轴向进给量6~8 mm,刀具直径4 mm。     

Rapid monotectic solidification under free fall condition

Thesolidificationprocessofmonotecticalloyhasbeenofgreatinterestformanyyears.Onereasonisthatmonotectictransformation,inwhichoneparentliquidphaseL1decomposessimultaneouslyintoonesolidphaseSandanotherliquidphaseL2,playsanimportantroleintheresearchofphaseseparationandcrystalgrowthkinetics[1—5].Anotherreasonisthatmanyapplicationsofmonotecticalloysinindustry,suchasCu-Pb,Al-Pb,Al-Bi,Al-SnandAl-Inareself-lubricatingbearingalloysorhigh-temperaturesuperconductorsiftheyhavehomogeneouslydispersedmic…     

基于非线性序转换的层次分析模型

为了解决复杂层次结构中方案排序问题,将排序度量映射到高维状态空间,挖掘隐藏在指标隶属度中的分类信息,利用区分权滤波算法将一维空间上无法实现的非线性序关系转换转化为高维空间上隶属度向量间的非线性转换,通过计算底层方案对目标的影响度,实现底层指标排序,建立基于非线性序转换的层次分析模型。以某矿出现渗漏的污水坝为例,根据拟采用的4种防渗加固方案以及6种衡量方案优、劣的指标构建三层递阶层次结构,并进行验证分析,结果表明本模型能够实现非线性序转换,可以作为解决复杂层次结构中方案排序的一种实用方法。     

碳纳米管在磁性材料中的应用

对碳纳米管在磁性材料中的一些应用,以及采用化学镀的方法在碳纳米管表面包覆磁性合金以获得一维磁性材料作了介绍．还就在碳纳米管表面镀敷CO-Zn-P合金,以获得具有更高记录密度的记录材料进行了初步探讨．     

Ti40合金吸放氢后的组织演变规律

利用XRD、OM、TEM等方法研究了Ti40合金吸氢与放氢后的组织演变规律。研究表明：由于氢在β相中的溶解度很高,Ti4合金中并没有发现氢化物的析出,但β晶界处更加宽化;当氢含量较高时,β相内开始析出α相,并伴随着硅化物粒子的析出;吸氢Ti40合金放氢后,合金中的相与原始合金一致。     

Ti40阻燃钛合金的基础研究

利用XRD、OM、TEM等方法研究了Ti40合金吸氢与放氢后的组织演变规律。研究表明：由于氢在β相中的溶解度很高,Ti40合金中并没有发现氢化物的析出,但β晶界处更加宽化;当氢含量较高时,β相内开始析出α相,并伴随着硅化物粒子的析出;吸氢Ti40合金放氢后,合金中的相与原始合金一致。     

花形氧化锌纳米粒子的制备及其光催化性能

以氯化锌和氢氧化钠为原料,水为反应介质,密闭加热的条件下制备了花形ZnO纳米粒子。借助扫描电镜及X射线粉末衍射仪等仪器,对产物的形貌、结构进行了表征;对产物的生长机理做了研究,同时研究了反应条件对产物的影响,另外对产物进行了光催化测试。结果表明,花形骨架在反应初期就已经产生,反应时间增加,花形粒子变大;改变氯化锌和氢氧化钠的物质的量比,产物形貌产生了较大变化,分别生成了另一种形貌的花形粒子和片状粒子;通过光催化测试表明,所得的产物均有良好的光催化性能。     

非线性转子动力学的研究现状与展望

综述了国内外非线性转子动力学的研究现状,讨论了非线性转子动力学研究中所存在的问题,概括了非线性转子动力学的发展趋势为：转子－转承系统的油膜非线性特性及其稳定性问题的研究：多自由度非线性动力学理论及非线性动力学数值分析方法的研究;转子－轴承系统非线性参数识别、建模和重构;高维非线性动力系统的降维方法的研究;非线性动力响应及耦合问题;转子－轴承－基础系统的非线性学稳定性的灵敏度分析、非线性稳定性裕度及     

In Vitro Evaluation of Effects of Mg-6Zn Alloy Extracts on Apoptosis of Intestinal Epithelial Cells

We assessed the in vitro cytotoxicity of Mg-6Zn alloy and analyzed the cell apoptosis rate and the expression of caspase-3 to evaluate the effects of Mg-6Zn alloy extracts on apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells(IEC)-6. IEC-6 cells were cultured in different concentrations of Mg-6Zn alloy extracts(40%, 20%) and in the control group. The indirect effects of Mg-6Zn alloy on IEC-6 cells were studied by calculating the cell relative growth rate(RGR), measuring the apoptosis of IEC-6 cells through flow cytometry, and investigating the expression of caspase-3 using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The experimental results show that the cytotoxicity of these extracts is Grade 0-1. The level of apoptosis in IEC-6 cells cultured in 40% Mg-6Zn alloy extracts is significantly higher than that in cells treated with 20% extract and the control group. The expression of caspase-3 is found to be up-regulated in the 40% extract as compared to 20% extract and the control group. Taken together, the data show that the Mg-6Zn alloy in 40% and 20% concentration extracts proves noncytotoxicity. But the 40% concentration of Mg-6Zn alloy extract can induce the apoptosis and the related caspase-3 expression in vitro.     

铝基网络陶瓷复合材料的制备与磨擦磨损特性

提出了网络陶瓷增强金属基复合材料的新构思,设计和制备了一种新型的网络陶瓷增强铝合金复合材料,通过对网状陶瓷增强铝基复合材料磨损表层形貌分析可知,复合材料的磨损机理比基体合金复杂,粘着磨损和磨粒磨损同时起作用。     

Si对K40S合金凝固过程及显微组织的影响

研究了Si对K40S合金凝固过程及显微组织的影响。结果表明,随着Si含量的升高,K40S合金凝固时界面生长由枝晶生长转向明显的内生生长;Si元素主要在枝晶间或晶界偏析,但当Si含量升高到一定程度后,枝晶内的浓度逐步升高而达到显著水平;Si元素对合金中Cr、Ni、W等元素的分布有影响,进而影响碳化物的形成。     

Effect of heat treatment of Mn-Cu precursors on morphology of dealloyed nanoporous copper

Nanoporous copper with nano-scale pore size was synthesized by dealloying Mn-Cu precursor alloy using a free corrosion method. The effects of heat treatment of Mn-Cu precursors on alloy phase, morphology and composition of the resultant nanoporous copper were investigated. It is revealed that the compositions distribute homogeneously in the bulk Mn-Cu precursors, which consequently results in a more fully dealloying for forming nanoporous copper. The alloy phase changes from Cu_0.49Mn_0.51 and Cu_0.21Mn_0.79 of non-thermally treated precursor to Cu_0.33Mn_0.67 of heat treated alloy. The residual Mn content in nanoporous copper is decreased from 12.97% to 2.04% (molar fraction) made from the precursor without and with 95 h heat treatment. The typical pore shape of nanoporous copper prepared by dealloying the precursor without the heat treatment is divided into two different zones: the uniform bi-continuous structure zone and the blurry or no pore structure zone. Nanoporous copper is of a uniform sponge-like morphology made from the heat-treated precursor, and the average ligament diameter is 40 nm, far smaller than that from the non-thermally treated precursor, in which the average ligament diameter is estimated to be about 70 nm.     

含缺陷高温超导带材的磁化和力学特性分析

与传统块体金属材料相比,纳米金属材料具有更加优异的力学性能.而材料外在的力学性能与材料在外力作用下的原子尺度显微结构变化直接相关.研究金属材料在应力下结构演化的原子机制,建立一个清晰的原子尺度下微观结构演变的物理图像,是高性能材料设计和优化的重要基础.主要介绍近年来面心立方纳米金属变形机理研究上取得的主要进展.首先,对各种研究金属纳米材料变形机制的实验方法进行一个简单的介绍;然后,对多晶和单晶金属纳米材料的尺寸效应以及变形机制的研究进行总结;最后,归纳纳米金属材料与块体金属材料塑性变形模式的不同,并对未来面临的挑战做简要的展望.

     

Ti-Cu-Ni-Zr块体非晶合金形成能力及其压缩性能

采用铜模铸造法制备了不同直径的Ti40Cu34+xNi16-xZr10(x=0,2,4,5,6)系列合金,并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、差氏扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了合金的相结构、显微组织、热稳定性.结果表明:只有Ti40Cu39Ni11Zr10合金成分可制备出2 mm的全非晶结构,增加制备尺寸到3 mm、4 mm后,有TiCu晶体相析出;玻璃转变温度Tg、晶化温度Tx分别为665 K和712 K,过冷液相区ΔTx为47K.压缩实验表明:Ti40Cu39Ni11Zr10块体非晶合金具有高达1 931 MPa的屈服强度,并伴有0.3%左右微量压缩变形量,塑性变形以锯齿形式出现;Ti40Cu34Ni16Zr10合金具有1.3%的压缩变形量,TiCu相的析出提高了该合金压缩变形量.