TiO_2和活性炭纤维复合物光催化降解亚甲基蓝

以粘胶基活性炭纤维(VACF)为基体,钛酸丁酯为前驱体,通过溶胶-凝胶浸渍涂覆法将二氧化钛(TiO2)负载于粘胶基活性炭纤维上,制备活性炭纤维负载的TiO2光催化复合物,通过控制活性炭纤维在溶胶中的浸泡时间,制得不同TiO2负载量的复合物。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征了制备材料的形态结构,以质量浓度为20mg/L的亚甲基蓝溶液为目标降解物,测试了材料在紫外线光照下的催化性能。结果表明:紫外光直接照射对亚甲基蓝基本无降解作用,对活性炭纤维原样有一定作用;随着TiO2负载量的增加,复合物的吸附性能得到提高,对亚甲基蓝的降解作用也得到增强。     

CdS/CNT-TiO2光催化剂的合成及其对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解（英文）

采用多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)为载体,分别以醋酸镉((CH3COO)2Cd.2H2O)和硫化钠(Na2S.5H2O)为镉源和硫源,经简单逐滴滴入途径制备了CdS/CNT复合材料。再以四丁氧基钛(TNB)为钛源,苯为溶剂,成功地将二氧化钛(TiO2)纳米粒子沉积在CdS修饰的MWCNTs表面而得到CdS/CNT-TiO2光催化剂。利用N2吸附等温线、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、能量分散性X射线分析以及透射电子显微镜对所制CdS/CNT-TiO2光催化剂进行表征。CdS/CNT-TiO2复合材料呈多孔结构,MWCNTs均匀分散在材料中,且未出现明显的TiO2和CdS纳米颗粒团聚体。该材料在紫外和可见光照射下对亚甲基蓝具有优异的降解活性。这不仅归因于TiO2对自由基的反应和MWCNTs吸附能力,且归因于引入窄带隙半导体CdS,使粒子在MWCNTs表面的电子转移速率得到提高。     

Ag-TiO_2/CNTs的复合及光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯、硝酸银、碳纳米管为原料,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了系列不同碳纳米管含量和热处理温度下的掺银TiO2颗粒/碳纳米管(Ag-TiO2/CNT)的复合催化剂,以甲基橙为目标降解物考察复合物的光催化活性。利用X-射线衍射(XRD),透射电子显微镜(TEM)和电子探针能谱仪(EDS)对所制的Ag-TiO2/CNTs复合材料进行了表征。结果表明:掺银TiO2颗粒在碳纳米管上均匀分布,所制复合材料具有较高的光催化性能。不同的热处理温度决定着催化效率的高低,在实验条件下,当热处理温度为600℃时,复合物的光催化活性较高。随碳纳米管含量的增加,催化活性逐渐增大,当碳纳米管的负载量在3.5%(碳纳米管/TiO2,重量百分比)时,催化活性达到最大值,超过该比例时,催化活性反而呈下降趋势。在600℃、碳纳米管负载量3.5%时,复合物光催化活性最高,降解率达90%以上。     

氨基化碳量子点与二氧化钛复合催化性能研究

利用反应釜制备碳量子点并通过氨水和乙二胺使其表面氨基化,在水热反应条件下制备二氧化钛,然后将氨基化碳量子点与二氧化钛复合得到复合催化剂。氨基化碳量子点荧光强度增强;复合催化剂的荧光猝灭,可见光区吸收增强。在可见光的照射下单独的量子点和二氧化钛没有明显的催化作用,而复合催化剂加快了亚甲基蓝的降解。氨水修饰的碳量子点与二氧化钛复合能够在15 min内降解完亚甲基蓝,乙二胺修饰的碳量子点与二氧化钛复合只需要10 min,由此可见氨基化量子点与二氧化钛复合能够促进对可见光的利用。     

CdS/TiO_2纳米管阵列的制备及其光电催化活性研究

利用阳极氧化法和电沉积法制备CdS修饰的TiO2纳米管阵列。应用FE-SEM、XRD、DRS和LSV(线性伏安扫描)对该阵列的形貌、晶型、光学性质和光电性能进行表征,并研究该阵列降解亚甲基蓝的光电催化活性。结果表明,CdS以颗粒形式存在于TiO2纳米管阵列表面,CdS/TiO2纳米管阵列在可见光处有较强吸收,有较大光响应电流,其光电催化活性优于纯TiO2纳米管阵列。     

MWCNT/TiO2复合材料光催化活性研究

以多壁碳纳米管(MWCNT)为基核,以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,分别用溶胶-凝胶法和水热法制备碳纳米管/二氧化钛纳米复合光催化材料.用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对样品进行了表征,研究了溶胶-凝胶法和水热法工艺的控制对碳纳米管/二氧化钛复合光催化剂显微组织及性能的影响.以甲基橙为目标降解物,考察了样品的自然光催化活性.结果表明,所得复合粉体中仅有碳纳米管和锐钛型二氧化钛两种物相,其中采用水热法所得样品,其纳米级的球形二氧化钛颗粒可均匀吸附在碳纳米管表面.     

铁掺杂二氧化钛光催化剂的性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了铁掺杂二氧化钛粉体(Fe-TiO2),采用XRD、UV-Vis、PL、纳米粒度分析仪等方法对其进行表征和分析。结果表明,Fe掺杂降低了TiO2的相转变温度,拓展了TiO2对可见光的吸收范围,有效地抑制了光生电子-空穴对的复合。光催化降解亚甲基蓝(MB)的实验表明,Fe-TiO2粉体在普通日光灯下对亚甲基蓝的降解率达90.36%,明显优于德国Degussa公司生产的P25纯TiO2光催化剂对亚甲基蓝的降解率43.58%。     

g-C_3N_4/TiO_2复合纳米材料的制备及其光催化性能分析

以工业偏钛酸为钛前驱体,三聚氰胺为氮源,制备了g-C3N4/TiO2复合光催化剂;用X射线衍射(XRD)能谱、X射线光电子(XPS)能谱、傅里叶红外变换光谱(FT-IR)及热重和差示扫描量热分析(TGDSC)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外-可见吸收(UVVis)光谱、三维荧光(FS)光谱、物理吸附仪(BET)等对催化剂进行了表征。可见光催化实验表明,三聚氰胺与工业偏钛酸质量比为1,500℃煅烧制得的g-C3N4/TiO2复合催化剂对亚甲基蓝表现出最佳的光催化活性,300min内对10mg/L亚甲基蓝溶液的降解率达到83%。     

硫掺杂TiO2/Ti光电极制备及其可见光光电催化性能

为了提高TiO2/Ti光电极在可见光下的光电催化活性,采用阳极氧化法制备了一种新型的硫掺杂TiO2/Ti光电极.采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射、X射线荧光光谱等技术对光电极进行了表面形貌、结晶形态、晶粒尺寸、硫的掺杂量和价态以及吸光性能表征.研究表明:硫掺杂TiO2/Ti光电极的最佳制备条件为:成膜电压160V、电流密度100mA/cm2、Na2SO3质量浓度750mg/L;所制备的光电极具有良好的光电催化氧化降解邻苯二甲酸二甲酯活性,并能有效地矿化其中间产物;与TiO2/Ti电极相比,硫的掺杂可以显著提高其在可见光下的光电催化性能.     

水热法制备TiO_2/g-C_3N_4及其光催化性能

采用水热法合成了可见光响应的TiO_2/g-C_3N_4复合催化剂,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、氮气吸附-脱附(BET)法、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、紫外-可见漫反射(UV-vis DRS)、荧光光谱(PL)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对样品进行了表征。并以亚甲基蓝为降解对象,考察了在可见光条件下不同催化剂对亚甲基蓝的降解能力。研究结果表明,锐钛矿型二氧化钛均匀地负载在石墨相氮化碳片层上,TiO_2/g-C_3N_4复合材料的光吸收带边扩展到470nm,具有优异的可见光催化效率,它对亚甲基蓝的光催化降解率达到99.0%。     

Ag掺杂APS改性的TiO2颗粒的制备及其光催化降解作用

为提高Ag/TiO2纳米颗粒的光催化降解作用,采用聚合凝胶工艺路线,以钛酸四丁酯为前驱体,硝酸银为银源,通过向反应体系引入鳌合剂醋酸、表面改性剂γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷(APS)以及还原剂甲醛等添加剂,制备出TiO2粉体及Ag/TiO2纳米复合粉体。利用FT-IR、XRD、TG-DTA、TEM和UV-Vis-NIR等手段对样品进行表征。结果表明,经γ-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷改性的TiO2颗粒掺Ag后分散性得到改善,粒径约1 nm的Ag颗粒较均匀地分布在10～15 nm TiO2颗粒上;可见光的利用和锐钛矿热稳定性都得到提高;Ag/TiO2纳米颗粒在光照下对甲基橙具有良好的光催化降解效果。     

Degradation of bisphenol A in aqueous solution by H2O2-assisted photoelectrocatalytic oxidation

A series of titanium dioxide (TiO(2)/Ti) film electrodes were prepared from titanium (Ti) metal mesh by an improved anodic oxidation process and were further modified by photochemically depositing gold (Au) on the TiO(2) film surface as Au-TiO(2)/Ti film electrodes. The morphological characteristics, crystal structure and photoelectroreactivity of both the TiO(2)/Ti and Au-TiO(2)/Ti electrodes were studied. The experiments confirmed that the gold modification of TiO(2) film could enhance the efficiency of e(-)/h(+) separation on the TiO(2) conduction band and resulted in the higher photocatalytic (PC) and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) activity under UV or visible illumination. To further enhance the TiO(2) PEC reaction, a reticulated vitreous carbon (RVC) electrode was applied in the same reaction system as the cathode to electrically generate H(2)O(2) in the aqueous solution. The experiments demonstrated that such a H(2)O(2)-assisted TiO(2) PEC reaction system could achieve a much better performance of BPA degradation in aqueous solution due to an interactive effect among TiO(2), Au, and H(2)O(2). It may have good potential for application in water and wastewater treatment in the future.     

Facile fabrication and photocatalytic application of Ag nanoparticles-TiO2 nanofiber composites

A novel chemical method has been developed for the fabrication of Ag nanoparticles-coated TiO2 nanofiber composites. The method involves dispersion of TiO2 nanofibers in silver salt solution under ultrasonication, followed by addition of sodium citrate as a reducing agent. The Ag-coated TiO2 composites were characterized by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron microscopy (XPS). Furthermore, the photocatalytic performance was evaluated by the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange under UV-light irradiation. It was found that the heterogeneous Ag-TiO2 composite showed a higher activity than the pure TiO2 nanofiber; the enhanced activity can be attributed to the excellent distribution and interaction of Ag nanoparticles with the TiO2 nanofiber support. A plausible mechanism for the formation of the Ag-coated TiO2 composite and reasons for the enhancement of photocatalytic activity are also discussed.     

Comparative study of photocatalytic and photoelectrocatalytic properties of alachlor using different morphology TiO2/Ti photoelectrodes

Wormhole-shaped TiO(2)/Ti (WT) and nanotube-shaped TiO(2)/Ti (TNT) photoelectrodes were prepared by anodic oxidation method. The morphology and structure were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It was found that both crystal types of WT and TNT photoelectrodes were composed of anatase and rutile TiO(2) phases; however TNT photoelectrodes had highly ordered nanostructure. The photoelectrochemical (PECH) and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) properties of WT and TNT photoelectrodes were investigated by photocurrent transient, open-circuit potential and degradation rate of alachlor under the artificial solar light illumination. All results showed that TNT photoelectrodes prepared in NaF-Na(2)SO(4) solution have more excellent photoelectron properties than WT photoelectrodes prepared in H(2)SO(4) solution. The photocatalytic (PC) and PEC experiments of alachlor showed that PC and PEC activities of TNT photoelectrodes were superior to WT photoelectrodes. At applied bias potentials the degradation rate of alachlor at TNT photoelectrodes increased significantly to 94.5%. The higher PC and PEC performance of TNT photoelectrodes were ascribed to the long-range ordered structure and short-orientation diffusion distance of photogenerated carries.     

Effects of calcination temperatures on photocatalytic activity of SnO2/TiO2 composite films prepared by an EPD method

SnO2/TiO2 composite films were fabricated on transparent electro-conductive glass substrates (F-doped SnO2-coated glass:FTO glass) via an electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method using Degussa P25 as raw materials, and were further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra and Photoluminescence spectra (PL). XRD and XPS results confirmed that the films were composed of TiO2 and SnO2. FESEM images indicated that the as-prepared TiO2 films had roughness surfaces, which consisted of nano-sized particles. The effects of calcination temperatures on the surface morphology, microstructures and photocatalytic activity of SnO2/TiO2 composite films were further investigated. All the prepared SnO2/TiO2 composite films exhibited high photocatalytic activities for photocatalytic decolorization of Rhodamine-B aqueous solution. At 400 degrees C, the SnO2/TiO2 composite films showed the highest photocatalytic activity due to synergetic effects of low sodium content, good crystallization, appropriate phase composition and slower recombination rate of photogenerated charge carriers.     

PAn-TiO2复合膜的制备与表征

采用电化学循环伏安法,以不锈钢片为墓底,在添加适量二氧化钛纳米粒子的笨胺和硫酸溶液中实现了PAn-TiO2 复合膜的电聚合.通过循环伏安法(CV),X射线衍射图语(XRD)、差热分析曲线(DSC)对复合膜的电化学特性和组成进行了研究与表征.结果表明,TiO2 与聚苯胺之间实现了结构上的复合,TiO2的引入提高了聚苯胺膜...     

Influence of the physical, structural and chemical properties on the photoresponse property of magnetron sputtered TiO2 for the application of water splitting

The production of hydrogen from water (called "water splitting"), utilises sunlight as an energy source (solar-hydrogen) in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) solar cell, is a promising source of green energy. In this work, a PEC was used, for evaluating the photoactivity of a thin film TiO2 based photoanode by measuring photocurrent (which is comparable to hydrogen production rate by water splitting process in PEC). The main focus of this work is to study the effect of the TiO2 nanosurface and bulk properties on the photoresponse properties of the photoanode. The TiO2 coatings (360-400 nm) were deposited using a closed field reactive magnetron sputtering system. The structure and morphology of the TiO2 coatings were systematically altered by varying the deposition pressure between 5 x 10(-4) to 1 x 10(-2) mbar. The properties of the deposited nano-coatings were determined using Ellipsometry, SEM, AFM, profilometry, XPS, Raman and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Coating properties were correlated with the light absorption and photocurrent performance which were evaluated using UV-Vis spectroscopy and tri-electrode potentiostat measurements respectively. It was concluded from this study that the coating deposition pressure has a pronounced effect on the TiO2 photoanode properties leading to a significant enhancement in the photoactivity in PEC cell. Over a six fold increase in photocurrent at applied potential 0 V was observed for TiO2 photoanode prepared at 4 x 10(-3) mbar as compared to 5 x 10(-4) mbar. A correlation has been established between the deposition pressure, nano surface morphology and bulk properties, UV-Vis light absorbance and bandgap value, and the consequently higher (i) photocurrent density, (ii) negative flat band, and (iii) open circuit potential measured in Photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell.     

Synthesis of anatase-silver nanocomposite fibers via electrospinning

There has been growing interest in new ways to produce composite nanofibers. Continuous TiO2 (anatase phase) nanofibers with silver nanoparticles were prepared successfully via sol-gel and electrospinning. A sol containing poly(vinyl pyrrolidone), titanium tetraisopropoxide, and silver nitrate was injected through a conductive capillary where high voltage was applied. As a result of electrospinning, continuous composite nanofibers were collected and they were calcined in air at 500 degrees C in order to complete the crystallization of anatase phase. The anatase-silver nanocomposite fibers were characterized with X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.     

Effects of mineral tourmaline particles on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 thin films

Titania composite thin films (T/TiO2) containing tourmaline particles were prepared by a sol-gel method, using alkoxide solutions as precursor. The tourmaline particles and thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and so on. The effects of tourmaline on the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 were measured with methyl orange as an objective photodegradation substance. The results showed that the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange conformed to the first-order kinetic equation and the composite thin films had better photocatalytic activity due to the cooperation of polarity and the far infrared emission of tourmaline. The T/TiO2 thin films including 0.5 wt% tourmaline exhibited better photocatalytic activity when heat-treated at 250 degrees C for 3 h, than pure TiO2 thin films under the ultraviolet irradiation.     

聚苯胺/TiO2复合纳米膜电极的制备及其光电性能

采用原位化学氧化法,在酸性TiO2溶胶中未加分散剂制备了聚苯胺修饰的TiO2稳定溶胶,并以涂刮法在柔性导电塑料薄膜上成膜。利用FT-IR、XRD、TEM、选区电子衍射、紫外-可见光谱、光电流-电压曲线对所制备的复合溶胶及复合膜进行了表征。结果表明TiO2与聚苯胺之间实现了结构上的复合,聚苯胺的引入改善了TiO2膜对太阳光的利用率,提高了TiO2膜的光电响应性能。这种用复合溶胶制备聚苯胺/TiO2复合膜的方式扩大了成膜基底的范围。