薄壁光整消失模壳型铸造的型壳研究

试验研究了壳型制备中不同黏结剂、不同耐火粉料及粉液比对泡沫消失模型壳强度和表面粗糙度的影响.采用在型壳表面添加水玻璃砂背衬的方法,减少了(硅溶胶)型壳层数、缩短了制壳周期、提高了型壳强度.针对消失模壳型铸造用型壳表面质量要求高的问题,探讨了改善泡沫模表面粗糙度的工艺方法.通过优化蒸汽发泡成形工艺参数和在模样表面涂上光整剂等措施降低了模样表面粗糙度.为制造基于泡沫消失模的薄壁光整壳型奠定了初步基础.     

微车转向节系列球铁铸件的壳型铸造

针对微车转向节系列球铁铸件的壳型铸造生产中,采用中注式浇注系统出现的渣孔、气孔、缩松等问题,增大排气道和浇、冒系统体积,改变铁水进入型腔的方向,选用合适的球化剂、球铁用生铁及辅料,铸件合格率由原来的50%左右提高到85%以上.     

海外文献速报

<正>20140601 Jafari H,Idris M H,Ourdjini A.镁合金陶瓷型精密铸造的另一种方法:原位熔铸技术.Journal of Materials Processing Technology,2014,214:988-997.熔模铸造通常被用来生产高质量的形状复杂件或者表面要求很高的薄壁件,被认为是镁合金精密成形的实用方法。然而,由于镁合金和氧有很高的亲和力,消除镁合金和模具的反应以获得高的表面质量成为熔模铸造镁合金的一大挑战。目前为控制镁合金熔模铸造时型壳-金属间的反应,研究思路主要有两条:选择合适的型壳材料或者控制生产工艺参数。利用原位熔化技术克服陶瓷壳体熔模铸造AZ91D镁合金时型壳-金属反应的难题,以获得表面质量良好的铸件。将AZ91D合金颗粒充满型     

铝、镁合金真空低压消失模壳型铸造的缺陷分析

分析了采用泡沫模用精密铸造制壳,并用真空低压浇注成形铝、镁合金铸件的典型缺陷(主要是浇不足和冷隔、孔洞及粘砂缺陷)的行貌特征和形成机理,并提出相应的防治措施。结果表明,浇不足和冷隔缺陷主要由金属液充型速度慢、充型动力不足、浇注温度低等原因造成;孔洞缺陷主要由金属液浇注速度过快、保压压力小或保压时间短,浇注温度高,浇注系统设计不合理及型壳透气性差等原因造成。粘砂缺陷主要由型壳强度低、充型压力和真空度过大、造型型砂粒径大和激冷效果差等原因所致。     

铝合金真空低压消失模壳型铸造工艺参数研究

研究了铝合金真空低压消失模壳型铸造工艺参数与铸件充型能力、内部质量的关系。结果表明,铸件的充型能力与浇注温度、充气流量、真空度、充气压力成正比;相比真空度和充气压力,充气流量与浇注温度对铸件充型能力的影响更为显著。工艺参数对薄壁铸件充型能力的影响要大于厚壁铸件;铸件孔隙率随浇注温度的提高先降低后升高,随着充气流量、充气压力、真空度的增大而降低,而密度则随各工艺参数的增大而增大。真空低压消失模壳型优化的工艺参数:浇注温度为720~750℃,充气流量为12~19m3/h,真空度为-0.03~-0.04MPa,充气压力为0.03~0.04MPa。     

石膏型铜合金精密铸造研究

采用快速成型(RP)制备复杂型腔薄壁蜡模并对其进行铜合金石膏型熔模精密铸造。结果表明,与传统硅溶胶工艺条件下铸造的铜合金件相比,铜合金石膏型精密铸件的外观品质、尺寸精度和尺寸稳定性略有提高,仅力学性能有轻微下降。对于薄壁复杂类、型腔较深类、异型类、截面多变类铜合金铸件,由于硅溶胶工艺制壳的铸件清理难度加大,石膏型精密铸造显得尤为重要,其制壳工艺、后期清理成本和效率明显提高。     

真空低压消失模壳型铸造和消失模铸造铝合金组织和性能对比

利用光学显微镜(OM)、扫错电镜(SEM)等对真空低压消失模壳型铸造和消失模铸造A356铝合金的组织和性能进行对比分析。结果表明:真空低压消失模壳型铸造A356铝合金组织比消失模铸造A356铝合金组织细小、致密,其初生相晶粒尺寸和共晶硅尺寸都远小于消失模铸造铝合金的,孔隙率低于消失模铸造铝合金的、密度高于消失模铸造铝合金的。真空低压消失模壳型铸造A356合金的拉伸断裂方式以韧性断口为主,消失模铸造铝合金的断裂方式以脆性断口为主;铸件经T6热处理后的抗拉强度、伸长率和布氏硬度分别达到278.27 MPa、8.10%和93.1HB,较消失模铸件的分别提高了20.2%、166.4%和17.6%;其铸件表面质量也优于消失模铸件的表面质量。     

型壳耐火材料对无余量定向凝固叶片铸件质量的影响

本文阐述了电熔莫来石结合刚玉制成的型壳材料的显微结构和烧结特点,以及对型壳性能的影响。研究了定向凝固过程中型壳表面层耐火材料杂质和液态金属杂质对叶片铸件表面质量的影响。结果表明:电熔莫来石结合刚玉型壳材料是一种理想的适用于定向凝固型壳的耐火材料。     

ZG16Mn制动底板挤压铸造的数值模拟

对汽车制动底板的充型及凝固过程进行了数值模拟,得到了浇注温度、挤压速度、挤压力对铸件充型完整性的影响规律.结果表明,浇注温度对充型完整性起主要作用,挤压速度与挤压力的提高可小幅度降低浇注温度.不能完整充型的主要原因是内浇道中的金属液过早的凝固,通道堵塞使压室内的金属液不能进入型腔,导致铸件出现浇不足.要得到充型完整的铸件必须保持内浇道通畅.控制浇注温度是保持内浇道通畅的主要措施.实际生产与模拟结果基本一致.     

精铸用硅溶胶—水玻璃复合型壳研究

本文对当前精铸复合型壳的硅溶胶面层涂料进行了试验研究。根据浇注铸件质量和经济效益,选择了铝矾土和石英粉混合料组合,指出了复合型壳常温强度和高温强度都比单一水玻璃型壳高,有助于提高铸件表面质量。     

Study on the surface roughness of ceramic shells and castings in the ceramic shell casting process based on expandable pattern

A method to form a thin smooth film of wax on the surface of the foam pattern was proposed by introducing the molten wax in this work. Organic smoothing coatings for the foam pattern were also prepared and their effects on the surface roughness of the foam patterns, shells and castings were investigated. Effects of the facecoat slurry used to fabricate ceramic shells on the surface roughness of the shells and castings were studied. The analysis of results indicates that the surface smoothing coatings and the wax smoothing film both greatly decreased the surface roughness of ceramic shells and castings from 3.2-6.3 μm to 0.8-2.5 μm (Ra), and the surface roughness of shells and castings would be improved if the facecoat slurry is prepared with finer filler materials.     

主离合器壳体消失模铸造

消失模铸造生产的铸件具有尺寸精度高、表面光洁度好、铸件重量轻等优点,但对于形状较长、壁厚变化较大的壳体类铸件常存在铸件扭曲变形、壁厚不均匀等缺陷。以主离合器壳体为例,介绍了通过选用合适的粘接组合工艺及造型工艺生产出尺寸性能合格铸件的消失模铸造方法。     

Research on cracking mechanism of the thin shell mould in expendable pattern shell casting during pattern removal process

Aiming at the cracking phenomenon of the thin shell mould in the expendable pattern shell casting during the pattern removing process, some systemic researches are presented.The influence of the pattern removing method and temperature on the pattern removing were investigated.The shell mould cracking mechanism was analyzed by using thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA), and combining the temperature field and the volume change of the expanded polystyrene (EPS) foam pattern being tested.The results indicated that the shell mould was not easily cracked when the pattern removing process was carried out with the furnace being heated little by little because of the shell slowly shrinking with dehydration and shell strength gradually increasing.The shell mould was soon destroyed when it was set directly into the furnace at above 400 oC because of the thin shell mould rapidly shrinking and the foam pattern hindering.However, the shell mould had no cracking when it had been preheated for a long time even if the furnace temperature was above 400 oC and the shell was put into the furnace directly.Moreover, when the shell mould was directly set into the furnace at lower temperatures, 250 to 300 ℃, the shell would shrink slowly and the foam pattern would stay at the maximum expansion stage temperature of 100 to 110 ℃ for a long time; and the shell mould would experience an expansion force from the foam pattern for a long time.The expansion force is related to the pattern removing temperature, holding time, foam pattern thickness and density.Therefore, the foam pattern with higher density could make the shell crack.     

大型支架铸件的熔模铸造工艺

详细介绍了ZG40Cr大型支架铸件熔模铸造工艺的试验过程。通过多次试验及工艺改进,解决了包括母模拆分、组装、壳型制作以及浇注系统设计等一系列难题。试验取得的主要经验是:在生产大型复杂熔模铸件时,应注意调整母模的组合方式及蜡模表面的光滑度、制壳层数、风干时间、硬化时间、焙烧温度以及浇注温度等参数。     

基于泡沫模原型的消失模复合型壳制备工艺

利用发泡成型工艺制备高质量的泡沫模原型,在泡沫模表面制作2～3层硅溶胶-水玻璃复合陶瓷型壳,之后采用自硬水玻璃砂作陶瓷型壳背衬。陶瓷型壳在200～250℃保温30min失模及二氯甲烷溶剂溶失方式失模,焙烧工艺为800℃保温1h。结果表明,该制壳工艺简单、周期短、成本低,制得复合型壳表面光洁、强度高,并浇注出了质量较高的ZL101合金铸件。     

球铁管件真空消失模壳型复合铸造工艺的研究

比较了真空消失模铸造和熔模铸造两种工艺的优缺点,将两种工艺的优点有机结合,开发了适应大量生产高性能出口管件的真空消失模壳型复合铸造工艺.介绍了消失模铸造模型刚度的确定、浇注系统尺寸的选择,壳型工艺流程的制订、壳型涂料的原材料选用和配制、以及水玻璃壳型制造流程.试验结果显示:(1)用此工艺生产的管件,工序简单且铸件质最稳定,铸件合格率达到98.5％以上;(2)此工艺只要制4层壳,相比普通蜡模精密铸造制壳要8层以上,提高了生产效率,降低了生产成本和人力资源成本.     

消失模壳体类零件在白区工艺的失效模式分析及改进

针对壳体类零件在消失模铸造过程中存在的尺寸不稳定、碳缺陷、变形等问题成立了质量小组，对白区的一些工艺参数进行了分析和验证。研究了模样的质量特性参数与铸件缺陷之间的关系，寻找最佳参数组合。以达到降低基于模样质量导致铸件缺陷的绝对数量，提升合格率。     

铸态曲轴壳型背丸工艺

根据铸件的技术要求,采用壳型背丸工艺生产铸态曲轴。分析了曲轴壳型背丸的铸造过程,设计了铸件浇冒口系统,从铁水熔炼工艺、化学成分和球化孕育工艺对铸件内在质量进行控制。生产实践表明,采用壳型背丸工艺生产的铸态曲轴表面光洁、尺寸精度高、内部组织致密。     

Principles and practice of low pressure-expendable pattern casting process for magnesium alloys

A s a structural material, magnesium alloys possess many advantages when applied to automobile, aviation and space-flight manufacture industries due to their excellent physical and mechanical properties such as low density, high strength/weight ratio, good ductility and castability [1-2]. However, the high chemical reactivity or flammability of magnesium melt in atmosphere is a critical disadvantage, resulting in difficulty during liquid forming process. So, the development of casting process …