水库土坝工程建设施工质量控制

水库工程建设中的任何一个环节出现问题,都会关系到整个工程的成败,尤其是施工环节可能会给工程埋下质量事故及隐患。因此,加强水库土坝施工质量控制,对提高水库工程施工质量意义重大。笔者结合工程实践,就水库土坝工程建设中施工质量控制进行探讨,以确保水库工程的质量,可供参考。     

翼城小河口水库大坝加高培厚工程中的质量控制

结合翼城县小河口水库大坝加高培厚施工工程概况，从工程项目管理和施工工艺方面，提出了施工中的工序质量控制措施，以确保控制规范化、制度化，取得良好的施工效果。     

试论水库施工中混凝土质量控制要点分析

水库属于水利工程中一个重要的组成部分,在水库施工中,对其质量的控制非常重要,如果水库在施工的过程出现质量较差的情况,这不仅是对人力、物力以及财力的浪费,而且还会严重地延误水库施工的进度,由此给水库工程综合效益带来不利影响,所以在水库施工中,一定要严格地控制其质量,尤其是混凝土质量,一定要加强对其监督与管理,从而保证水库工程的质量。     

箱涵施工的质量控制

放水涵洞是水库的重要组成部分,起到灌溉、防洪的作用,全椒县马厂水库的放水涵洞为箱涵,施工中若控制不严,会给该工程的运行管理带来较大的安全隐患。通过箱涵工程的施工前、施工中和施工后的质量控制分析,可以使箱涵工程施工的质量得到有效的控制。     

大中型水库施工过程质量管理研究

大中型水库施工过程质量管理不仅关系到工程建设质量,也关系到人民群众的生命和财产安全。这里根据现有的研究资料,从施工人员管理及控制、施工过程中的材料及技术控制进行了分析,提出加强施工人员管理等建议,希望能够对大中型水库施工过程中的质量管理提供一些帮助和启示。     

水利工程土方填筑碾压施工技术的管控研究

土方填筑碾压是现代水利工程建设中的重要环节,其施工管理情况直接影响整个工程的质量。论文以某水库土方填筑碾压工程为研究对象,结合施工经验详细分析土方填筑碾压施工流程,并提出土方填筑碾压施工技术控制要点,以期为类似研究提供一定的指导。     

浅谈装饰工程的施工管理

阐述了装修施工企业中加强项目成本管理的对策及意义，从施工组织设计、施工人员的培训、施工过程及施工材料的质量控制等方面介绍了施工项目的管理方法，以提高建筑装修工程的质量。     

水库堤防除险加固技术及其质量控制对策分析探讨

本文主要从当前水利工程中水库堤防工程的特点及险情原因出发,对水库堤坝除险加固施工技术及加强堤坝除险加固施工质量控制的措施进行了分析探究。     

浅谈兰海高速公路路基工程施工质量管理

结合兰海高速公路路基施工实践，从多级施工质量管理机构及质量管理制度的建立、施工过程的质量控制探讨了公路工程质量管理的经验与做法，以供类似工程参考。     

拦河坝塑性混凝土防渗墙施工技术探讨

根据已建工程的施工经验,结合五华县益塘水库除险加固工程拦河坝塑性混凝土防渗墙的施工技术等,介绍了塑性混凝土防渗墙施工工艺流程及方法和施工质量的控制。     

A hybrid neural-genetic algorithm for reservoir water quality management

A combined neural network and genetic algorithm (GA) was developed for water quality management of Feitsui Reservoir in Taiwan. First, an artificial neural network (ANN) model was employed to simulate the behavior of nutrient loads into the reservoir. The data from watershed loads, precipitation in the watershed, and outflow were used in the ANN model to forecast the total phosphorus concentration in the reservoir. A 6-year (1992-97) record of water quality data was used for network training, and additional data collected in 1998-2000 were used for model verification. Further, a GA was used with this ANN model to optimize the control of nutrient loads from the watershed. The GA was used as a search strategy to determine the proper reduction rates of nutrient loads from the watershed so that the objective function could be as close to the optimal value as possible. The study results indicate that the ANN model can effectively simulate the dynamics of reservoir water quality. The GA is able to identify control schemes that reduce the in-reservoir total phosphorus concentration by as much as 60%, and water quality in the reservoir can be expected to achieve an oligotrophic (most of the time) or mesotrophic level if the watershed nutrient loads are reduced by 10-80%.     

大房郢水库工程质量管理实践

水库工程质量的好坏直接关系到城市安全。文章主要介绍了合肥市大房郢水库工程施工过程中质量管理的主要方法、途径和措施,旨在为类似工程质量管理提供依据。     

RESERVOIR OPERATING POLICIES CONSIDERING RELEASE CHANGE

Optimization models have been used in reservoir management problems to facilitate the satisfaction of various demands. One frequently ignored problem is the reservoir operation quality. The resulting operation curves may have sharp changes in the storage level of the reservoir or in the release to the downstream channel, which has potentially negative impact on the quality of reservoir operation. A Goal Programming model involving a min-max objective has been developed herein to determine operating policies, which attempts to remedy such problems. The results show a significant improvement in the reservoir operation.     

A grey fuzzy multiobjective programming approach for the optimal planning of a reservoir watershed. Part B: Application

The conflict between environmental protection of reservoir water quality and economic development by different uses of land within a watershed is a problem that constantly bothers the public officials in regional planning. Besides, the uncertainties regarding to the fuzzy goals in decision making and the impreciseness of parameter values always create additional difficulties in systems analysis. This paper applies the grey fuzzy multiobjective linear programming (GFMOLP) method for the evaluation of sustainable management strategies for optimal land development in a reservoir watershed. In particular, it demonstrates how uncertain messages in water resources management systems can be quantified by specific fuzzy membership functions and grey numbers in a multiobjective analytical framework. A case study of the planning for land-use programs in the Tweng-Wen reservoir watershed in Taiwan was prepared for the purpose of demonstration.     

建筑施工中裂缝的控制措施与管理浅析

在建筑施工中,裂缝是普遍存在的质量通病。温度裂缝、结构裂缝等质量问题影响了工程质量,如何控制裂缝是工程质量管理的重要内容。本文简单分析了建筑施工中裂缝的控制措施,探讨了提高施工裂缝管理水平的相关方法。     

工程质量事前控制分析

以猛进水库为例,阐述了监理对工程质量进行事前控制的程序和措施。     

基于工程质量前提下的工程造价控制

要提高施工企业的项目质量管理水平,就必须要结合市场经济体制,合理使用投资、规范工程结算管理、控制工程造价的工程管理机制。本文分析了控制工程造价与工程质量之间的关系,得出了控制工程造价管理是确保工程质量管理的有效途径。     

The impact of transfers on water quality and the disturbance regime in a reservoir

The effect of water transfers between two reservoirs on the water quality of the receiving reservoir was investigated over a 9-year period (2000-2008). Different management strategies were implemented in term of the magnitude and timing of water transfers, i.e. the amount of transferred volume and the frequency at which transfers occurred. These different operational modes were analysed to determine changes in nutrient and metal concentrations, chlorophyll a, algal genera and biovolume. During high water transfers, chlorophyll a and total algal biovolume increased, with larger diatoms preferentially selected due to the high silica content of the pumped inflow and a significant shift in cyanobacteria genera occurring from Microcystis to nitrogen-fixing genera. The magnitude and timing of water transfers exerted a strong control on phytoplankton competition and disturbed the typical seasonal succession during low pumping years of a spring diatom bloom followed by summer cyanobacteria dominance: intensive and frequent water transfers resulted in dominance by diatoms for the whole year and effectively limited cyanobacteria summer growth. From this analysis, we identified iron concentration and diatom biovolume as the key water quality indicators to be included in any optimal management, able to control the transfer regime from both a water quantity and water quality prospective.     

An integrated multi-level watershed-reservoir modeling system for examining hydrological and biogeochemical processes in small prairie watersheds

Eutrophication of small prairie reservoirs presents a major challenge in water quality management and has led to a need for predictive water quality modeling. Studies are lacking in effectively integrating watershed models and reservoir models to explore nutrient dynamics and eutrophication pattern. A water quality model specific to small prairie water bodies is also desired in order to highlight key biogeochemical processes with an acceptable degree of parameterization. This study presents a Multi-level Watershed-Reservoir Modeling System (MWRMS) to simulate hydrological and biogeochemical processes in small prairie watersheds. It integrated a watershed model, a hydrodynamic model and an eutrophication model into a flexible modeling framework. It can comprehensively describe hydrological and biogeochemical processes across different spatial scales and effectively deal with the special drainage structure of small prairie watersheds. As a key component of MWRMS, a three-dimensional Willows Reservoir Eutrophication Model (WREM) is developed to addresses essential biogeochemical processes in prairie reservoirs and to generate 3D distributions of various water quality constituents; with a modest degree of parameterization, WREM is able to meet the limit of data availability that often confronts the modeling practices in small watersheds. MWRMS was applied to the Assiniboia Watershed in southern Saskatchewan, Canada. Extensive efforts of field work and lab analysis were undertaken to support model calibration and validation. MWRMS demonstrated its ability to reproduce the observed watershed water yield, reservoir water levels and temperatures, and concentrations of several water constituents. Results showed that the aquatic systems in the Assiniboia Watershed were nitrogen-limited and sediment flux played a crucial role in reservoir nutrient budget and dynamics. MWRMS can provide a broad context of decision support for water resources management and water quality protection in the prairie region.