路和圈的笛卡尔积图的粘连度

一个简单连通图G=（V,E）的粘连度定义为T（G）=min{（1Sl＋r（G—S））／（G--S）：S∈V（G）为G的割集）,其中r（G—S）和叫（G—S）分别表示G—S中最大连通分支的阶和G—S的连通分支数．粘连度是一个重要的描述网络抗毁性的参数,它同时考虑了G—S的分支数和大小．对于路和圈的笛卡尔积图,通过分情形讨论得到了它的粘连度的计算公式．     

针刺非织造布不同参数与拉伸性能及硬挺度之间的关系

1　简介非织造布是借助于机械、加热、化学或溶解的方法将纤维、纱线或长丝相互缠结、粘合在一起形成的片状或网状结构的产品。产品结构的成型方法对其形变起着决定性的作用。在针刺非织造布中 ,纤维间的摩擦力是其力学性能的主要影响因素。纤维间的相互作用在很大程度上受生产过程中机器参数的影响 ,而这种影响对于交叉铺网和平行铺网非织造布是不相同的。在过去的 3 0年里 ,非织造布在不同载荷下的机械性能已广受关注。很多研究人员利用纤维拉伸性能和纤网结构的基本数据建立理论模型 ,用来预测非织造布的力学性能。近几年 ,人们采用模拟…     

硫酸铝的百分含量与波美度之间的关系

本文介绍硫酸铝溶液的百分含量与波美度之间的关系.     

点边邻域完整度为1,2的图

设G是图,G的点颠覆策略S是G的一个点子集,它的闭邻域从G中删去,幸存子图记为G/S.G的点邻域完整度VNI(G)定义为:VNI(G)=minS V(G){|S| ω(G/S)},S是G的任意的点颠覆策略,ω(G/S)是G/S的最大连通分支的阶.G的边颠覆策略T是G边子集,它的闭邻域(边及其两个端点)从G中删去,幸存子图记为G/T,G的边邻域完整度ENI(G)定义为:ENI(G)=minT E(G){|T| ω(G/T)},T是任意的边颠覆策略,ω(G/T)是G/T的最大的分支阶数.本文刻画点边邻域完整度为1,2的图.     

高分子及其他物质在预防术后粘连的研究进展

粘连是腹部手术常伴的并发症,也是引起肠梗阻、不育、腹痛、骨盆疼痛的主要原因。本文汇总了近年来预防粘连的技术及疗效,并最终确定对病人最有益的预防方法。     

织物紧度和透气量之间关系的探讨

本文根据收集的织物品种在织物透气仪上测得不同紧度下的透气量,用最小二乘法求得表达紧度和透气量关系的方程式,Y=83.44-0.043X。     

产品质量与其他质量之间的关系

今天我们所说的质量已不是单纯的产品质量，它涵盖了工作质量、服务质量和经营质量诸多方面。以质取胜，就是以其综合质量绩效取胜。     

醋酸酯淀粉的制备及取代度与工艺参数的关系

在水溶液中乙酐,醋酸乙烯酯与预氧化淀粉反应生成低取代度的醋酸酯淀粉。比较醋酸乙烯酯的取代度与酯化剂的用量、反应温度、pH值和反应时间的关系,认为醋酸乙烯酯更适合于工业化生产醋酸酯淀粉。     

CPPs阻钙沉淀活性与酪蛋白水解度之间关系的研究

通过对在不同的酶与底物浓度比下所得CPPs的特性进行研究,从而找出了在不同水解度下所得CPPs的阻钙沉淀性能与酪蛋白水解度之间的关系。即当酶与底物的比不同时,所得CPPs的N/P不同;N/P不同,其CPPs阻钙沉淀活性也不同。当N/P高时,CPPs的阻钙沉淀活性较低;N/P低时,CPPs的阻钙沉淀活性高。     

方便面IOD与α度之间相关性的研究

通过对同一样品IOD值和α度的数值进行比较分析，结果表明，IOD值更能直接地反映方便面的熟化程度，IOD值越高，方便面的复水性越好，产品的口感越好。     

Effect of ginning on tenacity,elongation and other fibre quality properties

Abstract

Based on single and bundle fibre properties measurements before and after ginning treatment of three commercial varieties, statistical parameters with ANOVA showed that, Acala SJ-2 genotype with greater mean fibre tenacity and elongation as well as less coefficient of variation of tenacity and elongation values before ginning treatment, maintains its higher rank position after the ginning treatment against its competitors Arba and DP-90. In this study, the variety Acala SJ-2 with greater single and bundle tenacity and elongation properties before ginning treatment was also favoured by having less amount of fibre breakage as well as relatively fewer levels of neps when compared against its competitor commercial varieties Arba and DP-90. This study shows that fibre data from single and bundle testing, before and after the application of ginning treatment, could be invaluable for the cotton breeders for cultivar selection and for the spinners to control cotton processability and improve quality of products.     

The components of staple tenacity and the determinants of length after carding

A theoretical model for the tensile strength of staples of wool was used to propose variables that could be measured on thirty six fleece samples from Romney sheep genetically selected on the basis of wool staple tenacity. Other variables that have been noted elsewhere in the literature were also measured. Nearly 75% of the variation in staple tenacity was described by average and minimum cross-sectional area of the fibres, and the relaxed length of the fibres held between the jaws of the instrument used to break the staple. The addition of staple length and variation in total length of the fibres in the staple improved this to almost 84%. The ultimate goal of the genetic selection was to increase the average length of fibres following carding (Hauteur and Barbe), which were also measured on the fleece samples, and the fibre, staple and sample measurements used in stepwise regression to reveal the determinants of length after carding. Variation in Hauteur was dependent on the total energy required to break the staple and the proportion of new tips present in the post-break region of the staple, yet as little as 52% of the variation was accounted for. Average cross-sectional area accounted for a further 3% of the variation in Hauteur but this was not statistically significant. Barbe was dependent on staple tenacity, which accounted for 48% of the variation. In hindsight, staple tenacity may not be an appropriate measure to genetically select sheep in order to improve fibre length after carding given the variables that affect these traits.     

利用AFIS与神经网络预测纱线强力

评述了AFIS纤维测试系统以及人工神经网络的特点，提出了利用它们进行纱线强力预测的工作原理和网络构建方法，并提供了实例。     

束纤维的拉伸特性与强度—伸长间的关系

束纤维实验与单纤维实验存在差别 ,不仅测试方法和仪器有所不同 ,而且所测得的结果也有差异。采用束纤维强伸性测量方法能够得到羊毛纤维束比强度 (BS)与纤维束伸长率 (BE) ,但在分析纤维束强力曲线时存在局限性。文中提出了新的参量 ,如纤维束初始模量 (BM)、断裂比功 (BW)、峰值前断裂比功 (WBP)、峰值后断裂比功 (WAP)以及二者的比率 (WAP WBP)等。同时比较了羊毛、涤纶及粘胶人造丝三者纤维束的强伸性能。从 32批精梳毛条中抽取试样进行测试 ,结果表明 ,三者的束强力特征间 (如BS BE ,BS BM ,BS BW ,BE BW和BM BW)存在相关性。但是 ,各变量的变异系数彼此几乎不存在相关性 ,并且与束纤维力学参数平均值 (除BS CVBM和CVBM BW外 )不相关。     

Relationships between carcass quality parameters and genetic types

It is important for the meat industry, including pig farmers and breeding companies, to know the composition of the carcass including the proportions of the different commercial cuts when making decisions on the type of pigs to be produced and marketed. Carcass composition is influenced significantly by the genotype of the animals. The aim of this work was to characterise carcasses from five different pig genotypes, by means of the quantification and comparison of their physical composition. Carcasses from 500 gilts from five different genetic types were studied. These lines were based on the following breeds: Large White, Landrace, Duroc, Piétrain and a Meishan synthetic population developed from a cross with a Large White based line. Measurements were taken in the carcasses directly with a ruler and with the Fat-O-Meat'er. The carcasses were cut following the European reference method and the four main joints were dissected. Carcasses from the Piétrain based line, which was halothane negative, presented the highest killing-out (83.34%) and were the shortest (81.81cm). The Piétrain based line was also the leanest and the Meishan based line the fattest. The highest proportion of ham (270.9g/kg) and the lowest proportion of belly (97.97g/kg) were found in the Piétrain line. The proportion of lean in all of the dissected cuts was higher in carcasses from this line while the Meishan line presented the highest proportions of intermuscular fat in all of the pieces. Carcasses came from the Piétrain line received the highest conformation scores and they were leaner and with better ham yield.     

Relationships between warp-knitted run-in value and process parameters

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between warp-knitted run-in values and process parameters such as yarn fineness, overlapping, underlapping, take-up density, total threading rate, and machine gauge. Run-in values of 52 samples with different process parameters were measured and analyzed in the method of response surface methodology (RSM) and multilayer perception (MLP). The results of RSM analysis show a significant influence of process parameters on warp-knitted run-in. Moreover, a predictive model is proposed base on the RSM, whose average error rate is confirmed to be 5.29%. In addition, the MLP analysis shows the sequence of influencing importance of process parameters form the high to low is underlapping (51.0%), overlapping (28.5%), take-up density (9.6%), machine gauge (4.7%), yarn fineness (4.0%), and total threading rate (2.2%).     

Relationships between drying defect parameters and some growth characteristics in kiln-dried South African grown Eucalyptus grandis poles

Eucalyptus grandis wood is susceptible to serious drying defects and all possible measures before and during kiln drying of poles need to be taken to minimize the defects. In order to identify factors that may affect drying quality of poles, the objective of this study was to assess relationships between surface check total length and depth, MC gradient, honeycomb percentage of pole cross section area, extent of collapse, sapwood depth, heartwood percentage of pole cross-sectional area, green MC and pole diameter. The defects were measured on 3 loads of 10?kiln-dried E. grandis poles, using a different drying schedule for each load. After measuring surface check length using a measuring tape and check depth using feeler gauges and a ruler, poles were cross cut at the theoretical ground line (TGL) 1.5?m from the butt end, to measure the MC gradient between the shell and core of poles. Digital image analysis of cross sections of discs cut at TGL was used to measure sapwood depth, and the areas of honeycomb, heartwood and disc cross section. Collapse was assessed using qualitative methods. Results showed that surface check total length was positively correlated with sapwood depth, and the average depth of surface checks was greater than the average sapwood depth. MC gradient between the shell and core was positively correlated with green MC while the transformed honeycomb percentage and collapse class were both positively correlated with heartwood percentage. It was concluded that pole drying defects are related to sapwood depth, green MC and heartwood percentage, and if pre-sorting of poles by these characteristics is done and appropriate kiln schedules are used, drying defects can be minimised.     

基于混纺纱强伸性能研究的耐高温抗荷服面料研制

芳纶是耐高温抗荷服面料的理想材料。通过对混纺纱断裂特性的分析,建立了间位芳纶/Technora混纺纱断裂强度、断裂伸长率与混纺比之间的理论关系;并运用所建立的关系,合理地设计混纺比,制作出更好地满足强伸性能要求的新型阻燃耐高温抗荷服面料。     

Relationships between muscle type and some traits influencing veal colour

The influence of the muscle type on some compositional and qualitative traits of veal was studied in two experiments, each including 20 Friesian-Holstein veal calves. Metabolic type, pigment content, glycolytic potential, buffering capacity and pH (at slaughter and ultimate) were determined on muscles longissimus dorsi, psoas major and triceps brachii caput laterale in experiment 1. Pigment content, glycolytic potential and pH (at 5 h after slaughter and ultimate) were determined in experiment 2. In both experiments, reflectance spectra were obtained from m longissimus dorsi and m psoas major at 3 and 9 days after slaughter. Reflectance at 630 nm, lightness, redness (a) and difference between reflectances at 630 and 580 nm (ΔR) were calculated from the spectra. Muscle type strongly influenced the rate of pH fall and most colour traits. Pigment content, reflectance, a and ΔR were higher in m psoas major than in m longissimus dorsi. The ultimate pH was related to the glycolytic potential but not to the buffering capacity. The relative influence of the pigment content and the rate of pH fall on the colour traits depended on the muscle. Colour of m psoas major was affected to a larger extent by the rate of pH fall than by the pigment content. Conversely, pigment content played the more important role in m longissimus dorsi.     

鲜烟叶高光谱特征与颜色分析及其关系研究

  目的  明确各部位不同颜色鲜烟叶的高光谱特征及其与颜色参数的关系,为科学判定烟叶成熟度提供参考。  方法  研究了各部位烟叶颜色参数和高光谱特征的变化规律,对颜色参数和高光谱特征参数进行了相关分析和回归分析,基于高光谱特征参数建立了颜色参数回归模型,并对其进行检验。  结果  随着落黄程度的提高,颜色参数L、b、C呈不断增大的趋势,a值呈先减小后增大的趋势,H°呈不断减小的趋势;高光谱特征参数随烟叶颜色的改变呈现规律性的变化;高光谱特征参数与各颜色参数有显著或极显著相关性,基于高光谱特征参数建立的颜色参数回归模型预测效果较好。  结论  利用高光谱技术对鲜烟叶颜色参数进行分析是可行的。