碱-等离子体处理涤纶织物的时效性研究

将涤纶织物分别进行30,60,90℃的碱处理后再进行等离子体处理,探讨了碱预处理对等离子体处理效果的时效性的影响;测定处理后纤维的润湿、芯吸和染色等性能以及放置过程中的性能变化,并对纤维的微观形态及其表面化学成分进行了表征。结果表明:经碱-等离子体联合处理后,涤纶织物的润湿、芯吸和染色等性能的提高较经单独等离子体处理更显著,且在放置过程中织物性能的衰减较单独等离子体处理减缓;碱预处理使等离子体处理的时效性得到改善。     

涤纶亲水性后整理的现状

介绍了表面接枝聚合和亲水整理剂的吸附固着后整理方法对涤纶服用舒适性能的改善;提出了涤纶亲水性整理剂应向着环保、绿色、一剂多能的方向发展;阐述了用天然环保型整理剂壳聚糖整理涤纶可提高织物的吸湿性、透气透湿性、抗菌性等性能,且整理效果具有耐久性,对环境无污染。     

等离子体处理对聚酯织物粘合性能的影响

介绍低温等离子体处理的原理及其对聚酯织物粘合性能的影响。等离子体处理包括等离子体活化上胶法和直接激化法等，通过清洁、刻蚀、交联和表面化学改性的协同作用改善聚酯织物的表面性能，提高聚酯织物的粘合性能。     

吸湿排汗针织面料的纤维素酶柔软整理

对以纯棉纱为面纱、COOLCOOL涤纶低弹丝为底纱制织的针织纬编添纱组织的织物面料进行纤维素酶洗柔软整理,研究处理时间、处理浴pH值、处理温度、纤维素酶用量等对试样柔洗效果以及对织物的吸湿排汗性能的影响规律,并且得出优化的酶洗柔软整理工艺。对整理后的针织布的悬垂性、透气性、透湿性、液态水扩散速度、毛细芯吸高度进行测试分析,结果表明：COOLCOOL纤维／棉针织布的悬垂系数小;透气量、透湿性大;芯吸高度好;液态水扩散速度大,说明COOLCOOL纤维／棉针织布的舒适性好。     

聚酯纤维抗静电改性的研究进展

综述了聚酯纤维抗静电改性的研究进展,根据改性实施阶段分别从聚合阶段、纺丝阶段和纤维或织物后整理3方面进行阐述,评述了各种改性方法的优缺点,并指出舒适性、耐久性、工业化是抗静电聚酯纤维未来发展不可或缺的趋势。     

低温等离子体对聚酯织物改性效果研究

运用氧气低温等离子体对聚酯织物进行处理，对聚酯纤维及其织物在经处理前后染色过程、染色效果及表面性质、超分子结构的变化进行了讨论。证明氧气低温等离子体可以有效地提高分散染料对聚酯织物的初染率及平衡上染率，并使染色效果具有深色效应；同时，氧气低温等离子体还可以明显提高聚酯织物的亲水性和其纤维大分子柔顺性，使织物的吸水性明显增强，纤维的结晶度和取向度下降。     

水性聚氨酯防水透湿涂层剂的合成与应用

选择聚酯和聚醚混合二元醇,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI),二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA),三乙胺(TEA)为主要原料,合成水性聚氨酯防水透湿涂层剂乳液。讨论了R值,DMPA用量,聚酯聚醚比例对薄膜吸水率和织物防水透湿性的影响。优化的防水透湿涂层剂的合成工艺为:聚酯多元醇和聚醚多元醇摩尔比=2/1,DMPA3.0%,R=1.9。经聚氨酯乳液涂层的织物的透湿量可到达4500g/(m2×24h),接触角可达137°。     

Lyocell纤维织物树脂整理前的碱预处理对纤维结构的影响

Lyocell纤维织物先经碱预处理再进行树脂整理,然后对树脂整理后织物中的纤维结构进行分析,并与未经碱预处理织物纤维进行比较。结果表明:碱预处理造成Lyocell纤维一定程度的降解,但其羧基含量和结晶度并无明显变化,Lyocell纤维结构存在孔过渡区,纤维中心的可及度较外层区域明显降低;两种碱处理均不同程度增强了纤维外层区域的可及度,但纤维中心的可及度并没有明显变化,并根据试验结果构建了两种碱预处理纤维结构变化的模型。     

PP织物的亲金属离子功能化改性

利用低温等离子体技术改善聚丙烯(PP)织物的亲金属离子性。采用氧气等离子体预处理PP织物使其表面引入活性官能团,预处理后的PP织物在三羟甲基丙烷三[3-(2-甲基氮丙啶基)丙酸酯](TTMAP)的交联作用下与螯合剂三乙烯四胺(TETA)或聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)进行接枝反应,以提高PP织物的亲金属离子性。结果表明:在交联剂TTMAP的作用下,等离子体处理后的PP织物可接枝螯合剂TETA或PEI;适宜的接枝反应条件为交联剂质量分数15%,等离子处理后的PP织物在70℃下0.04 mol/L螯合剂PEI溶液中反应2 h,接枝率达1.43%;接枝改性PP织物的亲金属离子性明显提高,PP织物的吸湿性和染色性能也得到改善。     

一种耐湿热抗菌改性运动服新材料制备及性能分析

针对传统运动服面料热舒适性和抗菌性差的问题,提出制备一种复合功能性的运动织物。通过对织物中改性聚酯纤维含量进行优化,得到综合性能良好的功能型织物。试验结果表明,混纺织物内,改性聚酯纤维含量为58%时,织物的经向和纬向断裂强力均为700 MPa,经向、纬向抗弯长度分别为13.5 cm和14.5 cm,透湿量为9 000 g/(m²·24 h),热阻为0.015 m²·kW,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制率都超过了80%,综合性能良好,可以作为运动服备选材料使用。     

微胶囊阻燃剂在织物阻燃整理中的应用

本文介绍了织物燃烧特点及其阻燃整理的方法,着重叙述了微胶囊阻燃剂的特点、制造方法及其在织物阻燃整理中的应用。这样,解决了阻燃剂和纤维树脂相容性差、易挥发、熔融纺丝时发生高温分解及对纺丝设备腐蚀等问题。     

Pretreatment of silk fabric surface with amino compounds for ink jet printing

This research studied pretreatments of silk fabric with amino compounds for ink jet printing. The pre-treating solutions were serine, glycine, aspartic acid, sericin, chitosan, and a commercial pre-treating chemical called Sanfix 555. Both untreated and treated fabrics were printed with in-house formulated pigmented inks and later steamed to fix the ink on the fabric surface. The pretreatments containing the amino compounds improved hydrophilicity of the silk fabric with the exception of chitosan. The color gamut from sericin, chitosan, and Sanfix 555 pretreatments was wider than that from the amino acid pretreatments. The chroma of the cyan color was most improved. The fabric, after pretreatment with sericin, showed a significant improvement in dry crock fastness while wet crock fastness was improved by serine and glycine. The chitosan slightly improved both dry and wet crock fastness. Wash fastness of all pretreated and printed fabrics including untreated and the printed fabrics was excellent because the pigmented ink was formulated with pigment and binder. Bending stiffness of the silk fabrics after chitosan pretreatment was significantly higher than those with other pretreatments. The ink penetration in sericin and chitosan padded layers was shallower than those for amino acids, enhancing ink deposition on the fabric surface. The amino compound pretreatments held and fixed additional ink on the fabric surfaces resulting in a wider color gamut of the inks.     

吸湿干爽型PET织物的碱减量工艺研究

采用正交设计研究吸湿于爽型PET织物的碱减量工艺（碱浓度、处理时间和温度）对减量率的影响，结果表明：织物受碱的浓度影响最大，其次是温度。     

Surface and adhesion properties of poly(ethylene glycol) on polyester(polyethylene terephthalate) fabric surface: Effect of air‐atmospheric plasma treatment

The surface and adhesion properties of different molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) (400, 1500, and 3000 g/mol) on untreated and air‐atmospheric plasma‐treated PET woven fabrics were studied, with the aim of developing durable hydrophilic PET fibrous structures. PEG application was carried out by padding of the PET fabric in aqueous solution of PEG followed by curing and drying. The surface properties of the PEG‐coated PET fabrics were then characterized using wicking test to measure the water contact angle (θ°) and capillary weight (W_c), and using atomic force microscopy (AFM) images in the tapping mode. Results showed that without a prior air‐atmospheric plasma treatment of the PET fabric, the water contact angle decreased and capillary weight increased with the three PEGs, implying an increase in the hydrophilicity of both inner and outer PET fabric fiber surface. Air‐plasma treatment of the PET fabrics before PEG coating increases further the hydrophilicity of the inner fabric fiber surface: the capillary weight was almost doubled in the case of the three PEGs. Best results were obtained with PEG 1500: water contact angle decreasing from 82° to 51°, and the capillary weight increasing from 11 mg to 134 mg. Moreover, wash fastness test at room temperature and at 80°C confirms improved adhesion of PEG‐1500 to the plasma‐treated PET woven fabric surface, while under the same conditions the plasma‐treated PET without PEG loses completely its hydrophilic character. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.     

真空氧等离子体表面改性涤纶织物研究

采用真空氧等离子体对涤纶织物进行表面改性,探讨不同处理压强、处理时间下织物润湿性能和分散染料染色性能的变化。使用X射线光电子能谱技术研究了织物表面处理前后化学组成及元素含量的变化,利用扫描电子显微镜表征了处理后织物表面形貌的变化。结果表明:真空氧等离子体处理后的涤纶织物表面氧元素的含量从24.1%上升到40.7%,表面粗糙程度提高;同时织物的润湿性能提高,润湿时间由1680s下降到51s;等离子体处理后涤纶织物的分散染料染色性能改善,其表面深度值由12.3增加为15.6,透湿量由2941g/(m~2·d)增加为3282g/(m~2·d)。     

Studies on the possibility of recycling microencapsulated disperse dye‐bath effluents

The volume of water consumed by human beings has increased dramatically in recent years while water supply has remained constant; both demographic growth and the expansion of industrial activity require more water consumption. The textile industry is undoubtedly one of the most pressured industries that need water intensively. Efficient use of water tends to be a crucial subject for the dyeing industry. In this study, melamine resin microcapsules containing pure disperse dyes were prepared by in situ polymerization. The microcapsules were characterized on the basis of structure, morphologies, mean particle size, and size distribution. The dyeing behaviors of microencapsulated disperse dyes (MDDs) were evaluated on polyester fabrics in the absence of auxiliaries. Its effluent can be reused several times after being simply filtered and can be used as solvent for PET fabric scouring. The treated fabrics exhibited satisfactory levelness and fastness properties. MDDs can be used in dyeing PET, without using surfactants, and the effluents can be recycled and reused. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Microbial modification of polyethylene terephthalate fabric

A great disadvantage of synthetic fibers is their low hydrophilicity. Polyester fibers are particularly hydrophobic. In the first place, this affects the processability of the fibers. The surfaces are not easily wetted, thus impeding the application of finishing compounds and coloring agents. In addition, a hydrophobic material hinders water from penetrating into the pores of fabric. An additional advantage is a decrease in build‐up of electrostatic charge. Besides an improved processability of hydrophilic textiles, a number of advantages from the consumer's point of view are improved washability, as the water can remove hydrophobic stains more easily, and enhanced wearing comfort due to greater water absorbency. For these reasons, hydrophilicity of polyester fabrics was improved using Trametes versicolor. Incubation conditions were determined as; the polyester fabrics were incubated for 10 days at 28°C and 175 rpm. The modification medium was contained 1 g/L glucose and pH of medium was 4. The modification degree was determined according to the contact angle measurements. Water retention values were compatible with contact angle values. FTIR and SEM images showed that the modification occurred on the PET fabric surface. More hydrophilic PET fabric was made by T. versicolor. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Pretreatment effects on pigment‐based textile inkjet printing – colour gamut and crockfastness properties

The application of two commercial pretreatment agents, formulated to improve the performance of a six‐colour nano‐scale pigment ink set during the textile inkjet printing of cotton and polyester (PET) fabrics, was examined. An industrial scale printer, operating at 55 linear m/h and equipped with Kyocera printheads, was used to print on commercial fabrics (180 cm wide) prepared for digital printing. The work employed an industrial scale rather than a benchtop printer to enhance the utility of the results for a commercial environment. The colorimetric attributes of printed fabrics were recorded for the individual inks as well as for spot colour combinations generated using Dr. Wirth RIPMaster v11 software. Colour table profiles were also generated and the colorimetric values of inks were compared. Colour gamuts of inks on cotton and PET, including three‐dimensional volumes in the CIELab space, were examined to assess the role of pretreatment on the colorimetric properties of the printed substrates. It was found that the pretreatments enhanced the ink receptiveness, colour intensity and colour gamut of fabrics. Pretreatment of cotton resulted in a larger gamut and more vivid colours than on PET. However, wet and dry crockfastness results were found to be low. In this regard, Time‐of‐Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry analysis of fabrics printed in the presence and absence of pretreatment indicated that the low crockfastness arises from higher pigment levels on the surface of the pretreated fabric.     

防寒涤纶面料碱减量处理影响因素及对面料后整理效果的影响研究

研究了碱减量处理中碱液浓度、处理温度、处理时间以及促进剂等工艺条件对防寒涤纶面料减量率的影响。同时,还研究了碱减量处理对面料透气性的影响,以及对其后的拒水拒油整理效果及耐洗涤性的影响。结果表明,随碱液浓度提高、处理温度增加、处理时间延长,面料的减量率和透气性随之提高,面料表面亲水性和表面粗糙度增加,使织物在后整理中可获得更好的拒水拒油性能和耐水洗性;但减量率不宜太高,在4%～6%左右较为合适;另外,使用阳离子表面活性剂作为碱减量处理的促进助剂,可降低碱的用量,达到既提高处理效率又降低成本的目的。     

Printing of reactive silicones for surface modification of textile material

For outdoor sports, waterproof breathable materials are widely used to provide protection from environmental factors like rain and wind. The most important techniques to achieve excellent performance use perfluorinated organic substances, which must be replaced in the near future due to health concerns and their environmental persistency. Printing of textile materials with reactive silicone pastes could be an alternative to introduce water repellency without fluorocarbon finishing. In this work, production of barrier textiles through one‐step silicon printing was studied, using a two‐component paste with long pot life and a thermal fixation step. Three different knitted fabrics made from micromodal, polyamide/elastin, and cotton/polyester were used as substrates for the printing. The achieved hydrophobic modification of the fabric was analyzed by determination of water shedding angle, water resistance, water retention values, moisture content, air permeability, tensile properties, and infrared spectroscopy. The results indicate several areas of technical application for the modified fabric, such as barrier textiles with permeability control, localized modification of mechanical properties of fabric and garment. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 42594.