Chemical silver plating on polyester/cotton blended fabric

Chemical plating is a metallizing process that can impart unique properties to textile fabrics. It has great potential for use in textile production, especially in the functional and decorative aspects. The present study examined the feasibility of applying chemical silver plating to a polyester/cotton blended fabric (T/C fabric) as well as investigating the properties of the silver‐plated T/C fabric. It was found that chemical silver plating helped to produce T/C fabric with a novel appearance and to improve its performance. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 4383–4387, 2006     

Woven glass fabric/polyester composites: effect of interface tailoring on water absorption

An experimental investigation was carried out to study the effect of different surface treatments on the moisture absorption behavior of glass fabric/polyester composites. The materials under study included composites containing clean glass fabrics, fabrics treated with a silane coupling agent, and fabrics coated with a poly(dimethylsiloxane) elastomer. Weight gain data versus time of immersion were collected at three immersion temperatures and water uptake at equilibrium as well as apparent diffusion coefficients were calculated. The interlaminar shear strength was also measured at the initial dry state and at different stages of the absorption process to estimate the interfacial contribution to sorption behavior. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 843–851, 2005     

Optimizing color fading effect of cotton denim fabric by enzyme treatment

In this article, the effect of enzyme treatment using neutral cellulase on the color fading property of cotton denim fabric was studied. Four enzyme processing parameters namely treatment temperature, treatment time, pH value, and agitation were considered. To investigate the optimum condition for the enzyme treatment, an orthogonal analysis was used and, based on the K/S summation value (K/S Sum), the optimum condition for enzyme treatment in this study was treatment temperature = 50°C; treatment time = 30 min; pH value = 8; and agitation = 50 steel balls (simulated mild agitation) for the best color fading achievement with desired worn and aged effect. Meanwhile, the level of importance based on the orthogonal analysis was in the order: treatment temperature > treatment time > agitation > pH and the effect of each processing factors was also discussed. In addition, other properties like CIE Lab values, weight loss, and color fastness to laundering and crocking were also evaluated. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Alkaline dyeing of polyester and polyester/cotton blend fabrics using sodium edetate

An alkaline dyeing of polyester with an alkali‐stable disperse dye, Dianix® Scarlet AD‐RG, was developed using sodium edetate as an alkaline buffering agent. The results obtained indicate the suitability of using sodium edetate for alkaline dyeing of polyester when compared with the control alkaline dyeing using Dianix AD system. Selected mono and bifunctional reactive dyes were used in combination with the alkali‐stable disperse dye for dyeing of polyester/cotton blend. Different dyeing methods for cotton and polyester/cotton blend fabrics using sodium edetate were evaluated in comparison with their respective control alkaline dyeing methods. The results of using sodium edetate in one‐bath two‐stage and two‐bath dyeing of polyester/cotton blend were comparable with that of the control dyeing method. Particularly, no change in the leveling and fastness properties was evaluated for all samples irrespective of the dyeing method. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Mechanical properties of glass fabric/polyester composites: Effect of silicone coatings on the fabrics

An experimental investigation was carried out to study the effect of a silicone coating on the mechanical properties of polyester/woven glass fabric composites, fabricated by resin transfer molding. E‐glass woven fabrics were coated with a silicone elastomer by solution dip coating. The effect of variation of silicone amounts on the impact resistance, toughness, and mechanical properties of the composite was determined. Short beam shear tests were performed to assess the effect of coating on the adhesion of the fiber to the matrix. The coated specimens exhibited worse interlaminar shear strength over that of uncoated fabrics. Three‐point bending tests were also performed to investigate the effect of the coating on flexural properties. Whereas flexural strength and Young's modulus decreased with increasing amount of coating, the toughness, represented by the area under the stress–strain curve, presented a maximum. Finally, notched Izod impact tests were carried out and the curve for the energy absorbed during impact versus the amount of coating also appeared to have a maximum, indicating an interesting slot for optimum impact performance. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 1300–1308, 2004     

聚酯热熔胶改性研究进展

介绍了近年来聚酯热熔胶的流动性、结晶速度、耐水解性、热稳定性、阻燃性、透明性等方面研究进展,环保型和功能型聚酯热熔胶将是未来发展的主要方向。     

等离子体改性聚酯纤维的染色性能研究

聚酯纤维因分子结构对称、结晶度高、亲水性较差等导致其穿着舒适性及可染性较差,本文采用等离子体方法进行改性,测定改性纤维的上染率并分析浸润特性和纤维的表面能。通过等离子体处理后的纤维上染率明显比未处理的纤维上染率要高,可以将A染料的上染率提高到85%。改性纤维的浸润性明显改善,水中的接触角由原来的64.8°降低到18.8°,表面能和极性分量亦明显提高,改性纤维的表面能可达70.807×10-7J/cm2,极性分量达到54%,而色散分量降低至45%。说明等离子体改性效果明显。     

Shade darkening effect of polyorganosiloxane modified with amino and hydroxy groups on dyed polyester microfiber fabric

The novel polyorganosiloxane material S‐101 modified with amino and hydroxy groups is synthesized. Shade darkening effect of modified polyorganosiloxane on dyed polyester microfiber fabric is investigated by reflectance spectrum, color yield (K/S), and the color differences (ΔE). The colorimetric data of CIELAB is discussed. The results show that the novel material of silicone polymer modified with amino and hydroxy groups has excellent shade darkening effect on dyed polyester microfiber fabric. The rates of the color yield increase (I%) of all dyed fabric with four dyes (Disperse Yellow S‐4RL, Red GS, Blue 2BLN, and Black SF‐R) exceed 10%. The shapes of the reflectance spectra curves of the dyed fabrics before and after treated with S‐101 are not noticeable change. The dyed fabrics with the polymer have not significant effect on the wash fastness and wet rubbing fastness. The low reflectance thin film on dyed fabrics is formed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

导电聚吡咯／聚酯复合织物研究

采用吡咯气固相沉积聚合法制备导电聚吡咯／聚酯复合织物，研究了处理工艺对聚酯织物结构与性能的影响。结果表明，聚酯织物先经碱减量处理60 min，再经1.0 mol／L氧化剂处理30 min，吡咯单体气固相沉积聚合8次可制得具有较好导电性能的聚吡咯聚酯复合织物，其表面电阻约为330 Ω／cm，其力学性能的降低程度不大，聚吡咯均匀致密地沉积在聚酯织物表面。     

Dyeability improvement of polyester pretreated with some alkoxides

The influence of some alkoxides in alcoholic media, having various dielectric constants, on the physical and mechanical properties was thoroughly studied in a previous work to attain silk‐like polyester fibers. In this investigation, the dyeability behavior of this silk‐like polyester is tried. Both immersion and padding techniques are applied in the treatment. The dyeability of the pretreated polyester fabric with disperse dyes shows some progressive improvements with lowering the dyeing temperature and/or decreasing the time of dyeing attained. Ethoxide is found to be more effective in enhancing the dyeability of polyester fabric than either methoxide or propoxide. Dyeing of the pretreated polyester fabric at the boil without using carriers or conducting high temperature/high pressure dyeing is also possible. Washing and crocking fastness are relatively enhanced. Physicochemical investigations of the dyeing process and a mathematical analysis for evenness are given. A decrease in the half dyeing time and an increase in the rate of dyeing of the pretreated polyester as compared with the untreated one are noticed. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

石墨烯微胶囊/海藻酸钙对涤纶织物的阻燃处理

为提高涤纶织物的阻燃性能,并解决涤纶织物的熔滴现象,本文采用石墨烯微胶囊与海藻酸钠共混制备出阻燃涂覆液,采用浸轧法制备阻燃涂覆涤纶织物。考察涂覆涤纶织物的阻燃性能,力学性能以及热学性能,结果表明：25g/L的海藻酸钠和1g的石墨烯微胶囊阻燃涂覆处理后的涤纶织物的极限氧指数由19.7%,上升到28.34%,达到难燃织物的标准。整理后的涤纶织物达到了V-0标准,涤纶织物燃烧后产生的熔滴的现象消失。织物的断裂强力由135.21N降低到了106.77N。涂覆处理前后,织物达到最大热分解速率的温度未产生明显变化,残炭率由12.07%上升到了26.98%,最大质量损失速率由1.79%/℃降低到了0.96%/℃。同时整理前后涤纶织物的热焓值由58.4J/g上升至68.4J/g。织物的导热系数由0.587 W/cm.℃×10_-4^提高到0.842W/cm.℃×10_-4^{,热学性能得到了充分的提高。}织物燃烧后所形成的残炭由无到连续且致密。     

聚酯薄膜的电晕处理及其应用

讨论了聚酯薄膜电晕处理及其应用的关系,指出在一些应用范围电晕处理的必要性。简介了电晕处理的原理、工艺和要求,表明：为提高聚酯薄膜的印刷、粘合和真空镀金属（铝等）的效果,表面张力应达到52mN／m以上,且贮存2年内仍然保持不变。     

Changes induced in silk‐like polyester properties by alkoxides treatment

The action of alkali treatment in both aqueous and alcoholic media is investigated to attain silk‐like polyester fabric. The use of alkoxide solutions is more effective on polyester fabric. Rapid loss in weight up to 15–20% occurs at ambient conditions. Immersion and padding techniques are applied. The effect of treatment on some properties of polyester fabric are given through measurements of tensile strength, drapability, permeability, density gradient, crystallinity, thermogravimetric analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Optimization of the treatment conditions is also suggested. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 1829–1837, 2005     

碱溶性聚酯切片流变性的研究

采用毛细管流变仪研究了碱溶性聚酯的流变特性,讨论了切变速率、温度对流变性能的影响,并与普通聚酯的流变特性进行了对比。结果表明,碱溶性聚酯与普通聚酯相似,也表现出"切力变稀"特征,碱溶性聚酯的表观黏度更小,对剪切速率的依赖性更强。碱溶性聚酯的表观黏度对温度的敏感性大于普通PET。     

Effects of plasma treatment and metal-ion chelation on lightfastness of dyed polyester/cotton fabric

Polyester/cotton blend fabric was dyed with Chemistron dye—a mixture of reactive/disperse dyes. Dyed fabrics were subjected to radiofrequency (RF) plasma treatment of different duration and were subsequently treated with metal salts. The effect of surface modification by plasma and dye–metal complex on colorfastness to light is discussed. Evaluation of the improvement in lightfastness was made using the CIE system of color measurement with a standard illuminant D65 and 10° standard observer. The color parameters and color deviations were obtained by Data flash–100 color measurement spectrophotometer with chroma QC 3.0 color quality control software. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 292–299, 2001     

Antiwrinkle treatment of cotton fabric with a mixed sol of TEOS‐TTB/DMDHEU

This research explored the effect of a mixed sol on the physical properties of a treated fabric, and confirmed the crosslinkage of SiO₂ and dimethyloldihydroxyethyleneurea (DMDHEU) using Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In the experiment, DMDHEU was applied to a cotton fabric and different mole ratios of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)/titanium (IV) n‐butoxide (TTB) were added. The mixture was then subjected to immersion, padding, drying, and curing. The results showed that hydrogen bonds had formed between SiO₂ and DMDHEU. The treated fabric had improved antiwrinkle properties, tensile‐strength retention, and yellowing degree when the mole ratio of TEOS was increased. By contrast, the softness of the fabric showed the opposite trend. When the mole ratio of TEOS/TTB was set at 10/1, the treated fabric showed a significant reduction of its antiwrinkle properties under both dry and wet conditions. The fabric treated with TEOS/TTB was superior to the traditionally treated fabric in terms of its ultraviolet (UV) light resistance. When the mole ratio of TEOS/TTB was 2.5/1 or 5.0/1, the addition of 10% DMDHEU during the treatment of the cotton fabric, followed by drying for 5 min at 80°C and curing at 150°C for 2 min, resulted in the fabric having improved and more balanced physical properties. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

Application of urea/H2O2 activation‐oxidation system in degradation of PVA and desizing of polyester/cotton fabric

The viscosity and the UV–vis spectrum of PVA degradation aqueous solutions, the FTIR, and DSC spectrums of degradation products were measured to investigate and compare the effect of Fenton's reagent and urea/H₂O₂ activate oxidation systems on the degradation of PVA. The results showed that the viscosity of PVA aqueous solution decreased and the degradation rate of PVA increased with the concentration of hydrogen peroxide in both activate oxidation systems. The FTIR and DSC spectrum of degradation products showed that the degradation products contained aldehyde, ketone groups. The aldehyde compounds and carbon dioxide produced in the degradation systems were validated by Fehling reagents and clarifying limewater. When the urea/H₂O₂ system was applied in the one‐bath and one‐step desizing and scouring process of polyester/cotton 65/35 fabric, the results of 94.7% degradation rate of PVA, the 99.0% desizing rate of PVA, the whiteness, and wicking height of the fabric were obtained. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Effect of low temperature plasma treatment on the electroless nickel plating of polyester fabric

The present study is performed with an objective to acquire a deeper understanding of the properties of nickel‐plated polyester fabric after conducing low temperature plasma (LTP) treatment. LTP treatment with oxygen and argon gases was employed to render a hydrophilic property of woven polyester fabrics and facilitate the absorption of a palladium catalyst to provide a catalytic surface for electroless nickel plating. The properties of LTP‐induced electroless nickel‐plated polyester fabrics were evaluated by various standard testing methods in terms of both physical and chemical performances. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Effect of bio-alkyd resin oil content and viscosity on the adhesion of EPDM to polyester fabric

Three types of bio-alkyd resins varies in their oil content and viscosity were added to EPDM rubber mix loaded by three bonding system consisting of Hexamethylenetetramine, Resorcinol and Hydrated silica (HRH). The mixes were charged by certain amount of thermal carbon black. Rubber dough was spread on polyester sheet fabric. The peel strength was used to measure the adhesion strength. The rubber-proofed fabric subjected to UV irradiation at different period of times. The dielectric constant, volume resistivity, thermal stability, water and air permeability of the various rubber coated fabric were examined. The addition of the bio-alkyd resin improved the various mechanical and physical properties of the rubber coated fabric materials. The suggested mechanism of bio-alkyd resin between EPDM and polyester fabric was also studied.     

Degradation of polyester film in alkali solution

In recent years there has been a remarkable growth in coatings technology, yet polymer‐coated metals still corrode when they are exposed to severe environments. If the effectiveness of polymer coatings is to be increased, it is essential to understand the microstructure of polymer coating film and the changes that occur to the film upon environmental exposure, and relate the changes to the protective performance of coatings. The degradation of a polyester immersed in alkali solution has been investigated using a number of analytical techniques including atomic force microscopy (AFM), liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). AFM was used to characterize the heterogeneous phase in the unexposed films and films exposed to alkali solution. Film roughness was found to increase with aging of the film in alkali medium. Total organic carbon analysis of the leached aqueous medium showed the presence of organic compounds, suggesting a chemical degradation of the film in alkali medium. FTIR analysis of the leached medium showed evidence for the formation of carboxylate species upon degradation of polyester film in alkali solution, while LC/MS analysis of the leached medium confirmed the presence of isophthalic acid and sodium isophthalate. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 2454–2463, 2000