聚氨酯涂料的发展和我国面临的挑战(Ⅱ)

３我国聚氨酯涂料新品种在我国 ,近年来也开发了不少聚氨酯及其涂料新品种 ,根据资料所及 ,归纳如下 :３ .１水性体系大连理工大学用预聚物混合法制备了水性聚氨酯分散体 ,并合成了封端的水性聚氨酯固化剂 ,由此配制的水性聚氨酯烘烤清漆固化条件为１２０℃／１ｈ ,具有相当的耐水性和物理机械性能。安徽大学应用化学研究中心与深圳海虹老人牌涂料有限公司共同研制了水性环氧改性聚氨酯涂料 ,其设计要旨是 :将环氧的刚性和高附着力等特性融合到聚氨酯体系 ,使之性能更优异全面 ,即采用多羟基系环氧树脂与聚氨酯反应 ,将支化点引入到聚氨酯主…     

UV固化水性木器涂料的性能及影响因素

介绍了UV固化水性木器涂料与传统UV固化涂料、水性木器涂料的比较优势,侧重讨论了影响聚氨酯-丙烯酸酯水分散体UV固化动力学的影响因素,从而导出提高其UV固化速度与反应程度的可行方法,以及优于传统UV固化涂料的性能。     

磷酸锌中重金属对双组分聚氨酯防腐涂料性能的影响

以不同重金属含量的磷酸锌为原料制备双组分聚氨酯防腐涂料,运用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪（FTIR）研究了重金属对双组分聚氨酯防腐涂料固化速率的影响,利用盐雾性能研究了重金属含量对双组分聚氨酯涂料防腐性能的影响。结果表明,磷酸锌中的重金属含量越高,其制备的聚氨酯涂料固化速度越快,耐盐雾性能越差,耐冲击性能越差。     

UV-光固化光纤涂料的研制

本文采用环氧丙烯酸酯与聚氨酯丙烯酸酯共混聚合的方法制备出新型的UV．光固化光纤涂料,其主要性能较好．研究了基体组成、引发剂、稀释剂以及固化工艺对UV-固化光纤涂料的光固化速度的影响．通过实验发现,环氧丙烯酸酯与聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的配比为4：6～6：4、稀释剂的含量不大于20％时固化速度较快、性能较好,同时固化时灯距与固化膜厚度对固化速度的影响较大．     

UV固化涂料研究进展

综述了UV固化涂料组成与固化机理。详细介绍了国内外不饱和聚酯、环氧丙烯酸酯、聚氨酯丙烯酸酯、水性UV固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的研究进展。结合对其深入研究及新产品的不断开发,UV固化涂料将向传统涂料的各个应用领域迅速扩展。预计未来将会出现更多的UV固化水性涂料和UV固化粉末涂料。     

国外交联水性聚氨酯涂料研制进展

从双组分热固型水性聚氨酯涂料、含封闭异氰酸酯的水性聚氨酯涂料、室温固化双组分水性聚氨酯涂料、挥发型低度交联水性聚氨酯涂料和光固化水性聚氨酯涂料五方面,阐述了交联水性聚氨酯涂料的国外研制进展。     

无溶剂聚氨酯涂料在金属管道上的应用

研制了一种专用于金属管道的无溶剂聚氨酯涂料,研究了涂料配比对其粘度、流平性、固化速度、附着力、硬度等性能的影响,分析了工艺参数如温度、压力对涂层质量的影响。所研制的聚氨酯涂层的性能达到或超过国外同类产品。     

HCTI推出全球首款非异氰酸酯UV固化PU涂层

<正>HCTI公司(Hybrid Coating Technologies)日前推出了全球首例非异氰酸酯UV固化聚氨酯涂层配方。这种非异氰酸酯UV固化聚氨酯涂层配方用作地板涂料可在1 h内固化,而通常地板涂料固化要7 h的时间。该配方大大缩短了地板涂料固化的时间。该聚氨酯产品生产流程中不使用异氰酸酯,非异氰酸酯UV固化聚氨酯涂层配方为HCTI公司的专利技术,目前全     

可UV固化的超支化聚脲涂料的合成

用核磁共振、热重分析以及红外光谱对第三代的超支化聚酰胺-胺进行了表征。用甲苯-2,4-二异氰酸酯,丙烯酸羟乙酯以及聚乙二醇．600合成得到聚氨酯预聚体对超支化聚酰胺．胺进行化学改性,得到具有紫外光活性的涂料。用UV灯固化涂料,并用DSC,TGA等技术测试了涂料固化后的热性能。结果表明,超支化聚脲涂料有很高的反应活性,可以直接在空气中固化且表矗不发粘,其玻璃化转变温度大约为7℃,热分解温度为302℃。     

我国聚氨酯涂料近况

联系国外实用聚氨酯涂料品种，结合国内实际情况，介绍了国内二异氰酸酯、多异氰酸酯等聚氨酯用基础原料的发展情况。提出了我国在湿固化聚氨酯涂料、封闭异氰酸酯及水性聚氨酯等方面的问题。阐述了聚氨酯涂料的耐候性及施工环境湿度对聚氨酯涂料固化性能的影响。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。