聚酰胺共混改性的新进展

综述了近年来聚酰胺共混改性的新进展，指出反应增容技术促进了聚酞胺与ＰＥ、ＰＰ等非极性聚合物的共混，并广泛介绍了ＰＡ／ＡＢＳ、ＰＡ／Ｅ、ＰＡ／ＩＰ、ＰＡ／ＰＡＥ、ＰＡ／ＰＰＯ、ＰＡ／ＰＰＴＡ等新品种聚酰胺共混体系的特性及应用前景。     

聚苯乙烯的苯甲酰基化反应研究

合成并表征了具有芳香酮侧链结构的苯甲酰基聚苯乙烯（ＢＰＳ）,讨论了反应时间、温度、溶剂、催化剂及投料比对聚苯乙烯（ＰＳ）转化为ＢＰＳ的转化率和交联反应的影响,结果表明,ＰＳ在合适条件下可转化成ＢＰＳ,ＰＳ转化成ＢＰＳ后其ＵＶ吸收强度明显增大     

塑料阻燃剂的现状与开发

评述了通用塑料ＰＰ、ＰＥ、ＰＳ、ＬＤＰＥ和ＰＶＣ等阻燃剂的国内外现状和新型阻燃剂的开发。     

PU的性能及应用

简要介绍了聚酯型ＰＵ和聚醚型ＰＵ的基本性能和合成方法;阐述了从加工方法上所分的３种类型ＰＵ（浇注型ＰＵ、注射型ＰＵ和混炼型ＰＵ）的合成方法和性能特点;列举出ＰＵ的主要用途。     

PVC电缆料的配方设计

本文介绍了适于ＰＶＣ电缆料生产的ＰＶＣ树脂、增塑剂、稳定剂、填充剂、润滑剂、差色剂等原辅料，介绍了ＰＶＣ电缆料配方的设程序、设计要点及实验方法，列举了６０℃ＰＶＣ电缆料、７０℃ＰＶＣ电缆料、ＰＶＣ易撕电缆料等等ＰＶＣ电缆料实例。     

丙烯酸树脂改性的水性聚氨酯结构设计及表征

设计聚氨酯（ＰＵ） 、丙烯酸树脂（ ＰＡ）２ 种树脂的机械共混、化学共混即核－ 壳型聚合过程，及设计该２ 种树脂分子链之间形成的化学键，研究了用丙烯酸树脂改性的水性聚氨酯。分析乳胶粒大小及分布、胶膜材料红外光谱及ＤＳＣ 特征曲线表明：设计ＰＵ 分子链硬段与ＰＡ 分子链形成化学键，得到的材料中ＰＵＡ 及ＰＵ／ＰＡ 中ＰＵ 分子链硬段与ＰＡ 分子链具有较高的相容性和共混程度；核－ 壳型聚合得到的ＰＵＡ 及ＰＵＡ′材料ＰＵ 分子链与ＰＡ 分子链之间处于一定的微相分离状态；机械共混物ＰＵ／ＰＡ 中ＰＵ 分子链、ＰＡ 分子链之间的共混主要集中于ＰＵ 乳胶粒、ＰＡ 乳胶粒表层。     

LDPE悬浮聚合接枝PS及其表征

研究了ＬＤＰＥ悬浮接枝ＰＳ合成ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＰＳ接枝共聚物的工艺，此接枝共聚物可作为某些聚合物共混的相容剂。讨论了苯乙烯溶胀ＬＤＰＥ时间、引发剂浓度和ＬＤＰＥ与苯乙烯投料比对接枝率的影响，发现溶胀时间为４ｈ、反应时间为８ｈ、引发剂浓度为１％时、ＬＤＰＥ与苯乙烯投料比为１∶１时，其接枝共聚物接枝率最大可达３８．５％。并对ＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＰＳ接枝共聚物进行了ＤＳＣ、ＩＲ及接枝率测定的表征。     

EPDM并用胶的开发及应用

综述了乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＤＭ）与其它橡胶并用材料的研究开发情况，分析了不同并用胶体系和ＥＰＤＭ／ＮＢＲ、ＥＰＤＭ／ＮＲ、ＥＰＤＭ／ＩＩＲ等的性能、技术关键、存在的问题及应用领域。并针对国内ＥＰＤＭ的现状．提出了研究开发的建议。     

LDPE／EPDM共混料发泡工艺探讨：I.发泡剂AC,交联剂DCP对发泡工 …

重点讨论了发泡剂ＡＣ、交联剂ＤＣＰ对低密度聚乙烯／三元乙丙橡胶（ＬＤＰＥ／ＥＰＤＭ）发泡工艺的影响。探讨了在发泡过程中ＡＣ、ＤＣＰ分解曲线变化,泡体凝胶率、密度的变化与ＡＣ及ＤＣＰ用量之间的关系。     

阻隔性HDPE／MPE／PA1010共混体系的研究

用挤出法以马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ）接枝高密度聚乙烯（ＨＤＰＥ）为增容剂（ＭＰＥ），ＰＡ１０１０为阻隔组分，ＨＤＰＥ为基料，制取了ＨＤＰＥ／ＭＰＥ／ＰＡ１０１０共混材料。研究了挤出温度、ＭＰＥ用量、ＰＡ１０１０含量对其阻隔性能的影响，比较了几种不同渗透体系的吸油率和渗透损失量。     

An interpretation on the origin of the specular reflectance change caused by the submonolayer formation of foreign metals on some precious metal electrodes

The optical properties of foreign metal submonolayers formed on Au, Ag, Cu, Pt and Pd electrodes through the underpotential deposition have been investigated by specular reflectivity measurement. Based on the spectral characteristics, 14 adsorbate-substrate systems were classified into 2 groups. The first group, involving Bi on Au, Cu on Au, Pb on Au, Tl on Au, Tl on Ag and Cd on Cu, is characterized by the similarity of the optical properties of the adsorbed metal in the submonolayer to those of bulk metal. The first monolayer was found to form through several submonolayer stages, in which the optical constants are slightly different from each other. In the second group, involving Cd on Au, In on Au, Sn on Au, Ag on Pt, Bi on Pt, Cu on Pt, Pb on Pt and Bi on Pd, the spectra of submonolayer observed experimentally differ from those calculated with the assumption that the optical properties of adatom and substrate are the same as those of corresponding bulk metal. The difference in the work functions between adsorbate and substrate materials in this group is larger than those in the first group.From these findings, some considerations were made to interpret the origin of the specular reflectance change due to the presence of metal adlayer on the electrode surface. The results allow a tentative conclusion that the reflectivity change is predominantly attributed to the optical properties of the adsorbed submonolayer, but at the same time the work function of the substrate and the interband transition in visible should also be taken into consideration.     

Electrocatalysts on supports—III. Electrocatalytic and adsorption properties of microdeposits and thin films of platinum group metals

The adsorption and electrocatalytic properties of the microdeposits of rhodium on gold, palladium on niobium, ruthenium and osmium on titanium, and palladium thin films on glass carbon and nickel have been investigated. It is shown that hydrogen adsorption on rhodium and ruthenium microdeposits is characterized by a low binding energy and that on palladium films by a high binding energy. The cathodic hydrogen evolution rate on ruthenium microdeposits and palladium films on glass carbon and nickel is lower than that on the corresponding bulk metals. These results are consistent with the assumption of the predominant effect of the electronic interaction between microdeposits and thin films on the one hand and the supports on the other, which affects the hydrogen adsorption energy parameters.     

High performance liquid chromatography of oxygenated cholesterols and related compounds

Twenty-four oxygenated cholesterols and structurally related compounds were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography with silicic acid column and various mobile phases. Hexane–propanol was superior to hexane/tetrahydrofuran and hexane/ethyl acetate for the separation of oxygenated cholesterols. The retention volumes of oxygenated cholesterols depended on the characteristics of the substituting group, its position of substitution, as well as its orientation. The effect of various functional groups at different positions on cholesterol molecules, in general order of decreasing retention volumes, were: hydroxy on the ring, carbonyl on the ring, epoxy on the ring, hydroxy on the side chain, and carbonyl on the side chain. Synergistic effect of multiple hydroxyl substitutions on cholesterol was observed.     

Effect of the gypsum state in industrial cements on the action of superplasticizers

The reduction in mixing water of the concrete, caused by the addition of a superplasticizer, depends also on the type of cement used. Superplasticizer based on naphthalene sulfonated polymer acts much more effectively on cement containing gypsum dihydrate than on that containing calcium sulfate hemihydrate. Moreover, an improvement of the superplasticizer quality caused by ultrafiltration of the polymer, is more effective on the cement containing gypsum than on that with hemihydrate.     

热镀锌板的镀层成分对其表面电泳漆膜抗石击腐蚀性能的影响

研究了热镀锌板的镀层成分对其表面电泳漆膜抗石击腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明,经过合金化退火得到的GA板镀层中含有一定量的Fe,镀层较未经合金化退火的GI板硬。GA板镀层表面疏松多孔,电泳漆膜能够充满其缝隙或凹陷之处,固化后在界面区产生了类似勾键作用的机械作用力。因此,GA板与电泳漆膜的附着力优于GI板,石击处的扩蚀速率小于GI板。     

聚丙烯酰胺在黑土上的吸附解吸特性研究

采用静态吸附法研究了聚丙烯酰胺在黑土上的吸附行为,考查了不同吸附时间对土壤吸附量的影响,得出了聚丙烯酰胺在土壤上的吸附等温线。并且研究了聚丙烯酰胺在黑土上的解吸行为,探讨了振荡时间、液固质量比、温度、pH值对黑土中聚丙烯酰胺解吸的影响。结果表明,聚丙烯酰胺在黑土上的吸附等温线符合Langmu ir吸附模式,饱和吸附质量比为1.17 mg/g,聚丙烯酰胺在土壤上有很强的吸附亲合力,在实验条件下,最大解吸量仅为总量的25%。     

Methyl Jasmonate Application Induces Increased Densities of Glandular Trichomes on Tomato, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lycopersicon esculentum</Emphasis>

This study was designed to address whether applications of methyl jasmonate (MJ) or Benzothiadiazole (BTH) to cultivated tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum, induced elevated densities of defense-related glandular trichomes on new leaves. Four-leaf tomato plants were sprayed with MJ, BTH, or control solutions, and the density of type VI glandular trichomes on new leaves was subsequently determined at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 d. At 7, 14, and 21 d, the density of type VI glandular trichomes on new leaves was significantly higher on MJ-treated plants than on BTH- or control-treated plants. At 7 and 14 d after treatment, the mean density of glandular trichomes on new leaves of MJ-treated plants was ninefold higher than on leaves of control-treated plants. We observed entrapment of immature western flower thrips in trichomes on MJ-treated plants at higher rates than on BTH or control plants. Studies to evaluate potential trade-offs between reductions in pest populations by increased trichome density and possible negative impacts of trichome induction on biological control agents are needed.     

颜料色浆的选择对外墙涂料耐候性的影响

探讨色浆的选择对外墙涂料色漆耐候性的影响因素。重点讨论色浆类型的选择对性能的影响,同一种颜色用不同的复合色浆对耐候性的影响,色浆与调色基础漆配方设计对耐候性的影响以及墙面基材对保色性的影响。     

Influence of Substrate Type on Level Dyeing of Acrylic Yarn Packages

In an earlier paper [1], the influence of flow rate, ramp (constant rate of temperature rise) and package density on the rates of dyeing of two basic dyes on Ex/an, and on the levelness obtained in the resulting dyeings, was investigated, and a relationship was derived to link these factors quantitatively. This work has now been extended to cover the behaviour of various basic dyes on Exlan and other acrylic fibres, under conditions expected to give borderline levelness. It has been shown that the shape of the rate–of–dyeing curve depends on the type of acrylic fibre and, to a lesser extent, on the cationic retarder used, but not on dye type within the group of CV2. 5–3. 5 basic dyes examined. The response of dyeing rate and degree of unlevelness to deliberate variations of ramp, as demonstrated in the previous work on Exlan, is now confirmed on Cashmilon. Evidence of a different type of random unlevelness, not related directly to dyeing rate, was also obtained from dyeings on the various fibres at a slow ramp.     

基于CDIO教育模式的玻璃工艺学教学改革与实践

结合课程教学现状和实践教学环节,分析了教学中存在的问题。以CDIO教育模式为基础,对"玻璃工艺学"课程教学内容进行了初步改革探索,将理论教学与实践环节有机融合为一整体,培养学生的综合实践与创新能力。