Synthesis of linear antenna array using flower pollination algorithm

Linear antenna array (LAA) design is a classical electromagnetic problem. It has been extensively dealt by number of researchers in the past, and different optimization algorithms have been applied for the synthesis of LAA. This paper presents a relatively new optimization technique, namely flower pollination algorithm (FPA) for the design of LAA for reducing the maximum side lobe level (SLL) and null control. The desired antenna is achieved by controlling only amplitudes or positions of the array elements. FPA is a novel meta-heuristic optimization method based on the process of pollination of flowers. The effectiveness and capability of FPA have been proved by taking difficult instances of antenna array design with single and multiple objectives. It is found that FPA is able to provide SLL reduction and steering the nulls in the undesired interference directions. Numerical results of FPA are also compared with the available results in the literature of state-of-the-art algorithms like genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, cuckoo search, tabu search, biogeography based optimization (BBO) and others which also proves the better performance of the proposed method. Moreover, FPA is more consistent in giving optimum results as compared to BBO method reported recently in the literature.

     

基于天牛须搜索的花朵授粉算法

针对花朵授粉算法后期收敛速度慢,寻优精度低的缺点,提出了一种基于天牛须搜索的花朵授粉算法（BASFPA）。算法首先在全局寻优阶段采用天牛须搜索加快收敛,其次在局部寻优阶段加入变异策略帮助算法跳出局部最优。实验使用6个常用优化函数进行测试,结果表明BASFPA在低维和高维下收敛速度和精度均高于其他算法,达到相同精度所需的迭代次数均小于其他算法,证明天牛须搜索对FPA算法的改进是合理的。     

A novel modified flower pollination algorithm for global optimization

Neural Computing and Applications - The flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is a relatively new natural bio-inspired optimization algorithm that mimics the real-life processes of the flower...     

A linear antenna array failure correction using improved bat algorithm

The failure of antenna array elements causes disturbance in the sidelobe power level. In this article, an improved flexible approach that use bat algorithm is proposed and applied to solve the problem of antenna array failure by controlling only the amplitude excitation of array elements. An adaptive inertia weight approach is applied to the standard bat algorithm to improve the quality of the solution and the speed of convergence. The effectiveness of the proposed improved bat algorithm (IBA) is verified on different standard test functions. Numerical examples of element failure correction are presented to show the capability of this flexible approach in antenna array failure correction.     

混合改进的花朵授粉算法

针对花朵授粉算法(FPA)收敛速度慢、精度低的问题,提出了一种混合改进的花朵授粉算法(HFPA)。该算法采用均匀初始化和边界变异提高种群多样性,利用正态分布缩放因子进行全局寻优,加快收敛速度。局部寻优引入变异策略帮助算法跳出局部最优。实验使用7个测试函数,对比原FPA算法其他群智能算法,结果表明:HFPA算法在收敛速度和寻优精度方面均有显著的提高。     

A novel complex-valued bat algorithm

Bat algorithm is a recent optimization algorithm with quick convergence, but its population diversity can be limited in some applications. This paper presents a new bat algorithm based on complex-valued encoding where the real part and the imaginary part will be updated separately. This approach can increase the diversity of the population and expands the dimensions for denoting. The simulation results of fourteen benchmark test functions show that the proposed algorithm is effective and feasible. Compared to the real-valued bat algorithm or particle swarm optimization, the proposed algorithm can get high precision and can almost reach the theoretical value.     

A novel hybrid whale optimization algorithm with flower pollination algorithm for feature selection: Case study Email spam detection

Feature selection (FS) in data mining is one of the most challenging and most important activities in pattern recognition. In this article, a new hybrid model of whale optimization algorithm (WOA) and flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is presented for the problem of FS based on the concept of opposition‐based learning (OBL) which name is HWOAFPA. The procedure is that the WOA is run first and at the same time during the run, the WOA population is changed by the OBL. And, to increase the accuracy and speed of convergence, it is used as the initial population of FPA. To evaluate the performance of the proposed method, experiments were carried out in two steps. The experiments were performed on 10 datasets from the UCI data repository and Email spam detection datasets. The results obtained from the first step showed that the proposed method was more successful in terms of the average size of selection and classification accuracy than other basic metaheuristic algorithms. In addition, the results from the second step showed that the proposed method which was a run on the Email spam dataset performed much more accurately than other similar algorithms in terms of accuracy of Email spam detection.     

基于萤火虫算法的自适应花授粉优化算法

花授粉算法是一种新的启发式算法,由于存在易陷入局部最优且演化后期收敛速度慢等缺陷,导致算法的寻优能力受到限制。针对该算法存在的不足,在局部授粉过程中引入自适应的变异因子,并对花授粉算法中的转换概率进行自适应调整后,将其与萤火虫算法相结合,提出了一种基于萤火虫算法的改进花授粉算法;最后,通过经典的标准测试函数对新提出的算法与DE-FPA、PSO-FPA做比较实验。实验结果表明,改进后的算法比基本花授粉算法具有更高的收敛精度和稳定性。     

Color image quantization using flower pollination algorithm

Flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is a swarm-based optimization technique that has attracted the attention of many researchers in several optimization fields due to its impressive characteristics. This paper proposes a new application for FPA in the field of image processing to solve the color quantization problem, which is use the mean square error is selected as the objective function of the optimization color quantization problem to be solved. By comparing with the K-means and other swarm intelligence techniques, the proposed FPA for Color Image Quantization algorithm is verified. Computational results show that the proposed method can generate a quantized image with low computational cost. Moreover, the quality of the image generated is better than that of the images obtained by six well-known color quantization methods.

     

自适应多策略花朵授粉算法

针对花朵授粉算法极易陷入局部最优解且寻优精度不高的问题,提出自适应多策略花朵授粉算法(self-adaptive flower pollination algorithm with multiple strategies,SMFPA)。利用锚点策略提高种群的多样性,采用摄动策略改善全局勘探能力,采用局部搜索增强策略提升其开采最优解的能力。为验证SMFPA的性能,比较5种算法在解决12个测试问题上的寻优结果,实验结果表明,在寻优速度以及寻优精度方面,SMFPA算法表现更优。通过比较算法在管柱设计问题上的寻优结果,进一步评估SMFPA的寻优性能。     

On the efficiency of the binary flower pollination algorithm: Application on the antenna positioning problem

The Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) is a recently proposed continuous metaheuristic that was claimed to give promising results. However, its potential in binary problems has been vaguely investigated. The use of mapping techniques to adapt metaheuristics to handle binary optimisation problems is a widely-used approach, but these techniques are still fuzzy and misunderstood, since no work thoroughly studied them for a given problem or algorithm. This paper conducts a consistent and systematic study to assess the efficiency of the FPA and the common mapping techniques. This is done through proposing four Binary variants of the FPA (BFPA) that have been got by applying the principal mapping techniques existing in the literature. As benchmark problem; an NP-hard binary one in advanced cellular networks, the Antenna Positioning Problem (APP), is used. In order to assess the scalability, efficiency and robustness of the proposed BFPAs, the experiments have been carried out on realistic, synthetic and random data with different dimensions, and several statistical tests have been carried. Two of the top-ranked algorithms designed to solve the APP; the Population-Based Incremental Learning (PBIL) and the Differential Evolution algorithm (DE), are taken as a comparison basis. The results showed that the normalisation and angle modulation are the best mapping techniques. The experiments also showed that the BFPAs have some shortcomings but, they could outperform the PBIL in 4 out of 13 instances and the DE in 6 out of 13 instances and no statistical difference was found in the remaining instances. Besides, the BFPAs outperformed or gave competitive technical results compared to the PBIL and DE in all problem instances.     

Application of mutation operators to flower pollination algorithm

Flower pollination algorithm (FPA) is a recent addition to the field of nature inspired computing. The algorithm has been inspired from the pollination process in flowers and has been applied to a large spectra of optimization problems. But it has certain drawbacks which prevents its applications as a standard algorithm. This paper proposes new variants of FPA employing new mutation operators, dynamic switching and improved local search. A comprehensive comparison of proposed algorithms has been done for different population sizes for optimizing seventeen benchmark problems. The best variant among these is adaptive-Lévy flower pollination algorithm (ALFPA) which has been further compared with the well-known algorithms like artificial bee colony (ABC), differential evolution (DE), firefly algorithm (FA), bat algorithm (BA) and grey wolf optimizer (GWO). Numerical results show that ALFPA gives superior performance for standard benchmark functions. The algorithm has also been subjected to statistical tests and again the performance is better than the other algorithms.     

多策略增强花授粉算法及其应用

针对经典花授粉算法容易陷入局部最优解和收敛速度慢的缺点,提出一种增强型透镜成像策略和随机邻域变异策略的花授粉算法。通过增强型透镜成像策略扩展花授粉算法的搜索空间,增加解的多样性,有助于算法跳出局部最优解。引入随机邻域变异策略,借助邻域内的信息指导算法搜索,增强算法的收敛精度和搜索速度。对改进后的花授粉算法和四种其他改进算法在CEC2013测试函数上进行比较,实验证明改进后的多策略花授粉算法不论是收敛精度还是搜索速度都比对比算法优秀。最后把多策略花授粉算法应用在汽车传动参数模型上研究该算法的实际效用,结果表明多策略花授粉算法在汽车传动参数优化问题上都优于对比算法。     

基于改进花朵授粉的K-均值聚类算法

针对K-means聚类算法依赖于初始值并易陷入局部最优值的问题,提出了一种基于改进花朵授粉的K-means聚类算法。该算法首先通过混沌映射的序列作为花朵种群的初值位置,保证花朵种群在搜索空间的多样性、确定性;然后在花朵授粉的后期搜索阶段引入禁忌搜索算法以避免陷入局部最优解;最后将改进后的FPA算法用于优化K-means算法的初值。在五个聚类数据集上的实验结果表明,改进后算法的平均聚类准确率相比于花朵授粉聚类算法提高了12.2%,证明了该算法对于低维数据集具有更好的聚类效果。     

基于变异策略的改进型花朵授粉算法*

介绍了一种新的元启发式群智能算法——花朵授粉算法(flower pollinate algorithm ,FPA)和一种新型的差分进化变异策略——定向变异(targeted mutation,TM)策略。针对FPA存在的收敛速度慢、寻优精度低、易陷入局部最优等问题,提出了一种基于变异策略的改进型花朵授粉算法——MFPA算法,该算法通过改进TM策略,并应用到FPA的局部搜索过程中,以增强算法的局部开发能力;同时在FPA的全局搜索过程中引入均匀变异算子,以增强算法的全局寻优能力。最后通过4个标准的测试函数进行测试,测试结果表明,MFPA算法的寻优能力明显优于原始的花朵授粉算法、粒子群算法以及蝙蝠算法。     

基于折射原理的混合型花朵授粉算法

针对花朵授粉算法收敛速度慢,寻优精度低的缺陷,提出基于折射原理的混合型花朵授粉算法（refrHFPA）。算法首先利用和声搜索算法提升算法收敛速度,然后利用折射原理提高种群的多样性,帮助算法跳出局部最优,提升寻优精度。实验利用8个测试函数,对比其他群智能算法,结果表明refrHFPA算法在收敛速度和寻优精度方面均有显著的提高。     

基于单纯形法和自适应步长的花朵授粉算法

针对花朵授粉算法易陷入局部极值、后期收敛速度慢的不足,提出一种基于单纯形法和自适应步长的花朵授粉算法。该算法在基本花朵授粉算法的全局寻优部分采用自适应步长策略来更新个体位置,步长随迭代次数的增加而自适应地调整,避免局部极值;在局部寻优部分对进入下一次迭代的部分较差个体采用单纯形法的扩张、收缩/压缩操作,提高局部搜索能力,进而提高算法的寻优能力。通过八个CEC2005benchmark测试函数进行测试比较,结果表明,改进算法的寻优性能明显优于基本的花朵授粉算法,且其收敛速度、收敛精度、鲁棒性均较对比算法有较大提高。     

基于花授粉算法的PID参数优化

PID参数优化对PID控制性能起着决定性作用,针对PID参数寻优问题,提出运用一种花授粉算法（FPA）。该算法启发于自然界中花粉的传播授粉过程,以三个PID参数组成每个花粉单元的位置坐标,根据一定的全局授粉与局部授粉规则更新花粉单元的位置,使其向最优解迭代。仿真结果表明,与粒子群算法和人群搜索算法相比,花授粉算法优化参数使系统具备更短的响应时间、更高的系统控制精度以及更好的鲁棒性,为PID控制系统的参数整定提供了参考。     

Sizing optimization of truss structures using flower pollination algorithm

The recently developed flower pollination algorithm is used to minimize the weight of truss structures, including sizing design variables. The new algorithm can efficiently combine local and global searches, inspired by cross-pollination and self-pollination of flowering plants, respectively. Furthermore, it implements an iterative constraint handling strategy where trial designs are accepted or rejected based on the allowed amount of constraint violation that is progressively reduced as the search process approaches the optimum. This strategy aims to obtain always feasible optimized designs. The new algorithm is tested using three classical sizing optimization problems of 2D and 3D truss structures. Optimization results show that the proposed method is competitive with other state-of-the-art metaheuristic algorithms presented in the literature.     

Parameter estimation for chaotic systems via a hybrid flower pollination algorithm

Neural Computing and Applications - Parameter estimation is a fundamental research issue which has attracted great concern in the control and synchronization of chaotic systems. This problem can be...