梯度涂层高炉风口有限元分析

采用有限元分析软件研究了梯度涂层高炉风口的温度分布和应力分布,并与均匀涂层进行了比较。结果表明,涂层可以有效降低风口基体的温度,梯度涂层对降低风口基体温度略低于均匀涂层,而梯度涂层内的温降却明显低于均匀涂层,并且梯度涂层可以缩小基体的高温区域。均匀涂层与风口基体之间具有明显的应力接合界面,而梯度涂层风口接合面处的应力变化较小,能够改善涂层与基体的接合强度,进而提高了风口的使用寿命。     

高炉风口鼓风均匀性及风口参数调节研究

采用数值模拟的方法对典型的大中小3种不同容积的高炉的风口均匀性进行了研究,并分析了风口调节措施对鼓风参数的影响。结果表明:风口鼓风参数分布规律与热风围管中各支管位置处的压力分布规律一致,高炉风口尺寸相同时,各风口鼓风参数也不同;高炉圆周方向各风口的鼓风参数存在最大及最小值,对于不同容积的高炉,达到最值的风口位置也随之变化;总风量增加时,风口不均匀性增加,大高炉鼓风动能不均匀性最大。总风量不变时,减小某风口的面积,该风口的风量、鼓风动能并未增加;风口长度的增加对高炉鼓风参数的调节影响不大。     

风口尺寸对高炉操作影响的研究

通过建立高炉送风系统模型,模拟了风口尺寸和风口压力变化对风口速度、流量和鼓风动能的影响,并结合理论分析对风口尺寸调节方法进行了探讨.研究结果表明:在高炉操作过程中,只有当多个风口的面积减小时,所有风口的鼓风动能才都会增大;在实际操作中,因为这些风口的风量明显减少,所以减小少数几个风口的操作能抑止边缘气流的发生.     

Improvement of Natural Gas Combustion in the Air Tuyere of a Blast Furnace

Metallurgist - The work analyzes the results of industrial and numerical experiments obtained by various researchers on the application of various methods for ensuring the ignition and subsequent...     

Reactions in the Tuyere Zone of Ironmaking Blast Furnace

A series of slags can be formed in the lower part of the ironmaking blast furnace that play important roles in smooth furnace operation, and in determining iron quality and productivity. The final slag tapped from the BF has been investigated extensively as it can be collected directly. Unfortunately, difficulties in accessing the interiors of the blast furnace limit the full understanding of other slags such as primary and bosh slags. In this study, different types of samples directly obtained from the tuyere zone of the blast furnace have been systematically analyzed and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe X-ray microanalysis (EPMA), and X-ray fluorescence (XRF), with focus on the characteristics of slags formed in the tuyere level. The samples were identified into three groups according to their morphological, mineralogical, and chemical properties: (1) tuyere slags originating from the reactions between ash and dripping slags; (2) bosh slags in the CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO-FeO system, with a CaO/SiO₂ weight ratio of around 1.50, and Al₂O₃ and MgO concentrations close to those of final slags; and (3) coke ash that did not react with bosh slags. These findings will provide useful information on the evaluation of slags inside the blast furnace and the reactions in the tuyere zone.     

用风口燃烧温度判断高炉热状态的可行性研究

通过对影响高炉风口燃烧温度诸多因素的研究,说明高炉风口燃烧温度可以判断高炉的热状态,打破了高炉操作者用生铁含Ｓｉ量来判断高炉凉热的常规方法,为判断高炉的热状态开辟了一条新路．     

酒钢高炉风口破损治理实践

对酒钢高炉风口破损原因进行了分析,通过采取提高渣铁水物理热、控制碱负荷、控制煤比等措施,风口破损得到了有效治理。     

高炉风口铸造工艺改进

介绍了高炉风口在铸造中遇到的问题和解决方法，讨论了降低气孔、针孔的工艺措施。     

莱钢高炉风口取样研究

通过风口取样,对莱钢1#1 080 m3高炉风口区域焦炭、碱金属以及炉渣成分的变化情况进行了详细的检测分析。结果表明,在高炉结瘤操作时,高炉风口区焦炭粉化严重,死料柱的透气性与透液性差,风口焦炭碱金属含量增加;高炉炸瘤后,随着喷吹煤比的增加,风口焦平均粒度有减小趋势;风口焦样粒度沿高炉径向向炉缸中心减小;风口边缘渣碱度比靠近中心渣碱度低。     

高炉风口区理论燃烧温度的研究

 在国内外有关理论燃烧温度研究的基础上,结合理论燃烧温度实时计算的特点和要求,对计算中的关键量进一步修正。采用埃特金迭代法求解各条件下的理论燃烧温度值。结果表明,若不考虑其他因素,煤粉燃烧率对理论燃烧温度的影响因煤粉种类而异。通常烟煤的理论燃烧温度随燃烧率的增加而降低,相同燃烧率下烟煤的理论燃烧温度明显低于无烟煤。随着混合煤粉燃烧率的增加,理论燃烧温度稍有降低。随着喷煤量提高,烟煤的理论燃烧温度降低幅度大于无烟煤。在其他条件相同时,随着烟煤配比的增加,理论燃烧温度呈降低趋势。随着煤粉和焦炭的灰分含量的增加,理论燃烧温度呈降低趋势。     

高炉风口回旋区特征的研究现状

高炉风口回旋区是高炉内的重要反应区域,回旋区的形成和反应情况,将直接影响着高炉下部煤气的分布、上部炉料的均衡下降以及整个高炉内的传热传质过程,因此,对高炉风口回旋区特征研究对创造最佳化的高炉冶炼条件具有相当重要的意义。     

关于高炉风口面积调节方法的探讨

通过建立高炉送风系统模型,模拟了风口尺寸对风口速度、流量和鼓风动能的影响,纠正了高炉操作认识上的一些错误。研究表明,缩小少数几个风口面积会减小鼓风动能,但却增大了其它风口的鼓风动能;只有减小多个风口的面积,才会增大所有风口的鼓风动能。减小少数几个风口的操作之所以能抑止边缘气流是其风量明显减少所致。     

A Mathematical Model of a Blast Furnace Injection Tuyere

One way to further utilise produced gases in an integrated metallurgical plant is to replace oil with gas as a reducing agent in a modern blast furnace. Accordingly, it is of great interest to study the injection of reducing gas into the blast furnace. Therefore, a three‐dimensional mathematical model has been developed which simulates the injection of the gas by lances into the tuyere. The model includes the coupled solution of the flow field and the chemical reaction of the gases in the tuyere. Two different types of fuel gas, coke oven gas (COG) and basic oxygen furnace gas (BOF) have been modelled using one injection lance. The modelling technique is presented and discussed as well as the implied results. Furthermore, process parameters such as different gas compositions etc. are investigated using the developed model. Not surprisingly, the main results show that the COG is combusted more completely than BOF gas, which leads to higher flame temperature of the blast putting demand forward to lower the heat load of the tuyere. However, the modelling of the raceway is as far not included in the model, hence the influence of the outlet boundary condition at the tuyere is not reflected in the presented results.     

关于高炉风口面积调节方法的探讨

通过建立高炉送风系统模型,模拟了风口尺寸对风口速度、流量和鼓风动能的影响,纠正了高炉操作认识上的一些错误。研究表明,缩小少数几个风口面积会减小鼓风动能,但却增大了其它风口的鼓风动能;只有减小多个风口的面积,才会增大所有风口的鼓风动能。减小少数几个风口的操作之所以能抑止边缘气流是其风量明显减少所致。     

高炉风口回旋区大小的计算模型的研究

高炉是炼铁生产中的重要设备。高炉风口回旋区的大小及形状决定了高炉煤气的一次分布,反映了焦炭的燃烧状态,直接影响软熔带的形状和位置,高炉风口回旋区的大小的计算模型的应用对高炉生产实践具有重要的意义,为此,总结了国内外关于回旋区大小的计算模型,为实际生产提供一些经验公式。     

提高喷煤量对高炉风口焦性状的影响

在不同喷煤比操作的宝钢高炉上进行了多次风口取样 ,对风口试样的性状、焦炭降解、未燃煤粉积存和炉缸现象等作了详细研究。结果表明 :随喷煤量提高 ,风口回旋区缩短 ,焦炭劣化加剧 ,煤粉消耗率下降 ,炉芯透液性变差。研究结果可以指导喷煤操作、监控焦炭质量、控制炉缸侧壁侵蚀等。     

风口热障涂层长寿作用效果研究

分析了风口的导热特征、烧损机理和热障涂层对风口壁温的影响,在此基础上分别计算了普通风口和应用新型风口的温度参数。计算结果说明：热障涂层具有保护风口、防止烧损的作用,即热障处理是提高风口使用寿命的有效途径。新型风口的试用表明．热障涂层可减少风口处的热量损失,使得实际入炉的热风温度升高15．8℃。