SSRF直线加速器束流发射度测量

发射度是衡量束流品质的重要参数,随着加速器技术的不断发展,人们对束流品质要求越来越高,特别是对小发射度的测量要求更高的分辨率.本文基于"多次改变聚焦强度法"的发射度测量原理,讨论了上海同步辐射光源装置(SSRF)直线加速器部分测量技术和测量装置,包括薄透镜的合理采用、多点最小二乘法拟合、截面测量靶的选择和测量软件设计等,以提高发射度测量的准确性和可靠性.测量结果的高稳定性与重复性对接下来即将进行的自由电子激光发射度测量有重要的参考意义.     

强流负氢离子源发射度测量仪研制

在加速器技术研究中,束流发射度是反映束流品质的重要物理参数,也是加速器和束流传输线设计的重要依据。100 MeV回旋加速器采用18 mA强流负氢离子源来产生负氢束,为了准确测量离子源的发射度,研制了一台强流负氢离子源发射度测量仪,介绍了其基本原理、机械设计和实验结果,得到了离子源的发射度信息,为100 MeV回旋加速器的设计提供了发射度参数。     

FEL中的束流发射度分析

根据自由电子激光器(FEL)对电子束流品质的要求,对束流发射度以及引起束流发射度变化的因素,诸如加速过程中微波场的突变、能量增加、波导结构的尾场效应和传输过程中的空间电荷效应、粒子密度分布的影响及偏转系统中的尾场效应等等,进行了物理上的分析,对其中某些情况,给出了束流发射度变化量的具体估算。     

束流发射度和亮度与束流密度分布的关系

束流发射率和束流亮度是表征加速器束流品质的主要指标。理论和实验研究都已发现,它们与束流空间电荷的非均匀分布有密切关系。     

上海光源二期工程的垂直发射度研究

上海光源二期工程正在设计一个新的磁聚焦结构,它包含双斜插入件、超导二极铁以及超导扭摆器等新的元件。光谱亮度是表征同步辐射光源性能的一个重要参数,通过降低垂直发射度的方式来提高亮度是一种简便可行的方法。首先分别模拟和计算了各类磁铁准直误差对垂直发射度的影响,然后采用奇值分解法校正了误差引起的闭轨畸变,最后使用60个斜四极铁来校正垂直发射度。结果表明,在上海光源二期工程的磁铁准直公差与目前正在运行的上海光源相同的条件下,六极铁垂直准直误差对垂直发射度的影响最大;用60个斜四极铁来校正垂直发射度,能使耦合度保持在0.5%以下。     

螺线管透镜像差导致的束流发射度增长研究

螺线管透镜常作为低能束流的聚焦元件,不可避免地具有像差,导致束流发射度增长,降低束流传输效率。本文通过理论推导和计算机模拟,给出了不同束流包络、不同磁感应强度和不同磁场形状的情况下束流经过实际透镜后的发射度增长。结果表明,发射度增长主要与束流包络和磁感应强度有关。但在一定范围内,优化磁场形状也能起到控制发射度增长的作用。     

Transverse phase space reconstruction study in Shanghai soft X-ray FEL facility

Phase space is one of the most important parameters used to describe beam properties. Computer tomography, as a method for reconstructing phase space and measuring beam emittance, has been used in many accelerators over the past few decades. In this paper, we demonstrate a transverse phase space reconstruction study in the Shanghai soft X-ray free electron laser facility. First,we discuss the basic principles of phase space reconstruction and the advantage of reconstructing beam distribution in normalized phase space. Then, the phase space reconstruction results by different computer tomography methods based on the maximum entropy(MENT) algorithm and the filtered back projection algorithm in normalized phase space are presented. The simulation results indicate that,with proper configuration of the phase advance between adjacent screens, the MENT algorithm is feasible and has good efficiency. The beam emittance and Twiss parameters are also calculated using the reconstructed phase space.     

横向和纵向耦合束流系统束流发射度增长分析

分析了初始无关联无耦合的束流通过存在横向和纵向耦合的束流系统后发射度的增长。结果表明，束流的有效发射度随着束流初始条件的变化明显地增长。给出了束流有效发射度的增长关系和边界方程式。     

脉冲高频加速器束流动力学计算

用增补后的Parmela程序模拟了脉冲高频加速器中粒子的三维运动,给出了粒子在各相平面上的发射度大小和图示,同时简述了谐振腔的载束性能,并讨论了螺线管里束流横向发射度的变化。     

Simulation study of transverse optical klystron radiation

The radiation from a transverse optical klystron(TOK) is calculated by far field approximation and numerical integration,in which the effects of electron-beam emittance and energy spread are considered.Accurate electron-beam profiles have been experimentally determined and modeled by the Monte Carlo method.The calculated spectra illustrate the emittance of Hefei storage ring imposes on the spontaneous radiation of TOK.     

束流发射度的测量

在束流输运系统中,快速而精确地测定束流的发射度,对于提高束流传输效率、调节并保证束流达到预期的场所,是十分重要的。通常在测定束流发射度时采用移动缝隙法或电磁偏转方法。这些方法不仅需要附加一些较复杂的装置,而且测量时费时费力。特别是这些方法都必须采用缝隙装置,在测量时截留了大部分束流流强,因而必须强迫冷却,而在测量后,这些缝隙装置又带有很强的放射性。除了以上这些问题以外,由于束流在缝隙上的散射,又使测量结果的误差增大。Fermi实验室的E.R.Gray、CERN的G.Baribaud和C.Metzger曾用测量束流剖面的方法来测定束流的发射度。他们测量一段漂移空间内三点的     

Velocity distribution of RIKEN IGISOL ion beams

The velocity distribution of an ion beam from an IGISOL ion guide isotope separator on-line was measured directly by means of laser spectroscopy and compared with that estimated from the mass spectrum. The latter is found to be more than two times broader than the former. The emittance of the ion beam as well as its velocity spread was also studied with laser beams. It is noted that the emittance affects the mass spectrum considerably, resulting in a poor resolving power for the net velocity spread. Laser spectroscopy of radioactive atoms with the IGISOL, especially of refractory elements, seems promising.     

Low emittance lattice design with Robinson wiggler in the arc section

Beam emittance reduction is an effective method to increase the brightness of a synchrotron light source.Robinson wiggler can play a role in the beam emittance reduction by increasing the horizontal damping partition number.A replacement of the quadrupoles in the arc section with short combined function dipoles will construct a single-periodic Robinson wiggler in the SSRF storage ring.This scheme provides a lower beam emittance,without occupying any straight section.Detailed analysis is presented in this paper.     

Diagnosis and dynamics in a simple low energy medium current electron beam channel

We present a simple experimental setup and an associated method enabling both the non-destructive diagnosis and the calculation of the beam evolution in a low energy medium current electron beam channel, where the space-charge and emittance effects are comparable. The diagnosis makes use of an axially symmetric magnetic lens while a second lens is added to increase the flexibility in the beam processing. The paper emphasizes the three steps involved in the method: the evaluation of the lenses' magnetic field by numerical simulation, the beam diagnosis, and the computation of the beam envelope. The calculation of the magnetic field is based on the finite element method. Subsequently, the beam parameters at the electron source exit – emittance and cross-over radius and position – are found with the modified three gradient method. Finally, the beam dynamics are modeled with the K–V equation adapted for the particular case of axial symmetry. The results obtained in this paper can be used to optimize technological processes, such as welding, hardening, cladding, and surface alloying.     

用三梯度法测量束流发射度的研究

准确测量发射度对加速器束流的调制和性能的评估极端重要，本文介绍在HIRFL(兰州重离子加速器)现有设备基础上，利用三梯度法测量束流发射度的系统，讨论了测量原理和方法，以及测量中要注意的问题．并对数据的计算处理做了详述。专门设计了一套软件系统，以实现束流发射度、束流剖面等束流参数的实时测量。该系统具有可靠性好、测量直观、测量较准确等优点。     

ECR离子源束流发射度测量系统设计

为了实现ECR离子源束流发射度的精确、可靠测量,同时实现将系统中不同设备的控制测量数据统一显示到操作界面,基于EPICS软件系统,开发完成了双狭缝电机运动控制和PXI板卡的数据采集的发射度测量系统。采用LabVIEW软件的DSC模块实现对束流流强的PV变量发布;基于StreamDevice开发了电机运动控制IOC程序。整套系统运行稳定可靠、使用方便,满足离子源束流发射度的测量要求。     

电子直线加速器束截面测量系统及其应用

用于北京自由电子激光30MeV电子直线加速器的注入及输出束的截面监测系统,由可伸缩荧光屏束截面探头、摄象取样装置及图象采集卡和计算机处理系统构成。用此系统测量加速器注入(≤1.2MeV)和输出(≥20MeV)电子束的截面宽度、密度分布、发射度等参量。其硬件的空间分辨率好于110μm,束宽测量精度好于50μm。经加速器在线使用2年以上考验,性能可靠,得到了满意结果。     

上海同步辐射光源工作点稳定性研究

上海同步辐射光源（SSRF）是一台第3代高性能同步辐射装置,已稳定运行超过10年。储存环的线性光学模型稳定是光源稳定运行的基础。工作点反馈系统可实时地校正工作点,并间接地以降维的方式反馈难以在线测量到的线性光学函数。工作点反馈系统在SSRF的稳定运行验证了此方法的可行性,该反馈系统不仅使得工作点稳定度显著提升,也使得束流发射度、注入效率以及束流寿命等重要参数的稳定度得到大幅提升。衍射极限储存环光源是现阶段被广泛研究和建设的新一代同步辐射光源,工作点反馈系统也将发挥更重要的作用。本文分析电子储存环线性光学函数和工作点的稳定性,回顾SSRF工作点反馈系统的实际运行情况,介绍工作点反馈系统在SSRF衍射极限环lattice（SSRF-U）的模拟。工作点反馈在SSRF的实际运行情况和在SSRF-U的模拟结果显示,该系统可将工作点稳定在±0.001范围内,可满足储存环光源稳定运行和线性差耦合共振圆束斑模式对工作点稳定度的需求。