喷射成形6061铝合金的显微组织与力学性能研究

研究了喷射成形6061铝合金的显微组织和力学性能,并与熔铸成形6061铝合金进行对比。结果表明,喷射成形6061铝合金显微组织较好,但由于其还未进行致密化处理,组织内存在一定的孔隙,各项拉伸性能低于熔铸成形6061铝合金。     

5083铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头组织及力学性能研究

采用搅拌摩擦焊焊接5083铝合金,光学显微镜OM、透射电镜TEM对焊接接头进行金相分析,拉伸试验和硬度试验对焊接接头力学性能进行分析.结果表明,焊接接头焊核区为晶粒细小的等轴晶组织,热力影响区晶粒细小且沿剪切方向拉长,热影响区晶粒明显长大.其接头的力学性能显著优于传统的熔化焊,抗拉强度约为母材的90％,塑性与母材相当;...     

2519铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊缝组织与性能

2519是第三代新型高强装甲铝合金,开发与之配食的成熟焊接技术。特别是厚板焊接技术,是其实现工程应用的前提。本文采用搅拌摩擦焊工艺对2519合金厚板进行了实验研究,实现了25mm厚的2519铝合金焊接。并对焊缝组织进行了组织、力学性能、抗应力腐蚀性能测试,结果表明：抗拉强度达到300MPa以上,延伸率达到8—10％。     

船用铝合金搅拌摩擦焊

介绍搅拌摩擦焊的焊接方法和基本原理，以及搅拌摩擦焊在铝合金船舶制造业中的应用现状。     

时效制度对工业规格喷射成形7055铝合金组织和性能的影响

采用全自动控制往复喷射成形工艺制备大规格7055铝合金锭坯。锭坯经热挤压和双级固溶处理后,在不同时效工艺条件下进行双时效处理,测定时效态合金的抗拉强度(σb)、屈服强度(σ0.2)、伸长率(δ)、硬度(HRB)和电导率(γ),并观察其微观组织,研究时效制度对合金组织和性能的影响,并与120℃/24 h单级时效的合金样品进行性能对比。结果表明,锭坯经120℃/24 h时效处理后获得最高强度,抗拉强度(σb)高达725 MPa,屈服强度(σ0.2)为685 MPa,伸长率(δ)10.0%,硬度为96 HRB,电导率为30%IACS;双级时效后获得较好的塑性和抗应力腐蚀能力,但强度较低,且随着二级时效温度升高和时效时间延长,合金强度下降,伸长率增加,电导率提高。通过对正交实验结果进行分析,确定最佳双级时效处理工艺为:120℃/8 h+170℃/8 h,其综合性能最佳,σb、σ0.2和δ分别达到659 MPa、630 MPa和11.7%,硬度和电导率分别为95 HRB和39%IACS。与单级时效处理相比,电导率提高30%,抗应力腐蚀性能显著改善。     

对搅拌摩擦焊T型2014-T651航空铝合金的微观组织的研究

在这篇文章中,对搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)T型2014-T651铝合金的微观组织进行了研究。通过光学显微镜(OM),X射线衍射(XRD)和In-situXRD对材料的微观组织进行了观察,并且采用了适当热处理参数进行了对比。结果表明,搅拌区(SZ)由于发生了再结晶受热处理影响最为敏感,热处理后SZ区域所有晶粒尺寸增大,并且织构有序化明显。热处理后第二相在SZ区域沿晶界析出,然而在BM/TMAZ/HAZ区域均匀析出。     

挤压态6060-T5和铸态6061铝合金异种搅拌摩擦焊接头组织及力学性能研究

采用搅拌摩擦焊焊接挤压态6060-T5和铸态6061铝合金板材,在不同的焊接工艺下,对焊接接头的微观组织及力学性能进行研究。结果表明：焊接速度过快会在焊接表面形成少许毛刺,影响表面质量,但焊接接头均没有明显缺陷,焊核区微观组织还能得到显著细化。焊接接头硬度略低于同种铝合金焊接接头硬度,且受两种材料混合影响,焊核区硬度值波动较大。接头抗拉强度随着焊接速度的增大而提高,且均保留了较好的拉伸变形能力,断裂方式是韧-脆混合型。     

6061-T6铝合金薄板的搅拌摩擦焊接

采用搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)技术对1 mm厚6061-T6铝合金薄板进行了对接.研究了焊接工艺参数的范围,实验测试了焊接接头的强度、硬度和延伸率,利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜分析了接头的微观组织.结果表明:对于1 mm厚度6061-T6铝合金,FSW的最优工艺参数为旋转速度1 800 r·min^-1,焊接速度1000 mm·min^-1;在此参数下,接头的硬度值达到母材的80%左右,抗拉强度达到母材的103%,延伸率达到母材的54%;接头的力学性能与微观结构相符.     

镁合金搅拌摩擦焊的研究现状与展望

镁合金具有密度低、比强度高、导热性好等显著优点,在汽车、轨道交通和兵器等行业中的应用前景非常广阔,而传统的铆接和熔化焊等连接方法质量较差,从而限制了其应用。作为有色金属"焊接专家"的搅拌摩擦焊,相比传统的连接方法有着不可比拟的优势,因此镁合金搅拌摩擦焊已经引起国内外学者的广泛重视。介绍了搅拌摩擦焊的基本原理和接头质量影响因素,详细总结了国内外镁合金搅拌摩擦焊在微观组织、力学性能和塑性流动方面的研究现状,指出了国内外学者已取得的研究成果和不足,点明了焊接接头力学性能的检测标准和材料的真实流动还需进一步地研究与探讨,最后在异种材料的焊接、搅拌头的优化设计和数值模拟等方面对镁合金搅拌摩擦焊的发展前景进行了展望。     

搅拌摩擦加工IF钢的组织性能

对3 mm厚的DC04冷轧IF钢板进行搅拌摩擦加工,研究加工区域的微观组织与力学性能.在旋转速度为950 r·min^-1,加工速度为60 mm·min^-1时,采用加工后强制冷却技术可获得光滑平整且没有缺陷的加工表面.搅拌摩擦加工后组织显著细化,加工中心的平均显微硬度约为HV 135.6,是母材硬度的1.4倍,表面细晶层硬度最高可达到HV 312.8,细晶层和过渡层的抗拉强度分别比母材的抗拉强度提高50.9%和47.6%,加工前后试样的拉伸断口均呈微孔聚合韧性断裂特征.细晶强化对材料抗拉强度的提高起主要作用.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of friction stir welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy added with cerium

The AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet added with 0.5 wt.% Ce was welded with friction stir welding(FSW).The microstructures and mechanical properties of the welded joint were investigated.The results showed that the microstructures in the weld nugget zone were uniform and with small equiaxed grains.The grains in the heat-affected zone and the thermo-mechanical affected zone were coarser than those in the base metal zone and the weld nugget zone.The ultimate tensile strength of AZ31B magnesium alloy added with 0.5...     

Structure and mechanical properties of 1570C alloy welds produced by friction stir welding

The effect of the conditions of friction stir welding (FSW) of 1570C aluminum alloy sheets on the structure and mechanical properties of the welded joints is studied. A recrystallized fine-grained structure with a grain size changing with the rate of welding tool rotation forms in a weld during FSW. As compared to the base metal, the yield strength of the weld metal decreases by 9–22% depending on the rate of welding tool rotation, and the ultimate tensile strength is almost independent of the FSW conditions and accounts for ～90% of the ultimate tensile strength of the base metal. The plasticity of the weld metal is >13% for all rates of welding tool rotation. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld zone are discussed.     

Al-12.7Si-0.7Mg合金脉冲MIG焊接头组织与性能

采用进口ER4047作为填充焊丝对Al - 12.7Si -0.7Mg合金热挤压板材实施脉冲MIG直缝对焊.利用金相观察、显微硬度测定及拉伸性能测试等方法研究了焊接接头的显微组织与力学性能.结果表明:利用优化的焊接工艺参数,获得了外观和内部质量良好的焊缝,焊接接头平均抗拉强度为180 MPa,达到基材的98％.     

A process model for friction stir welding of age hardening aluminum alloys

In the present investigation, a numerical three-dimensional (3-D) heat flow model for friction stir welding (FSW) has been developed, based on the method of finite differences. The algorithm, which is implemented in MATLAB 5.2, is provided with a separate module for calculation of the microstructure evolution and the resulting hardness distribution. The process model is validated by comparison with in-situ thermocouple measurements and experimental hardness profiles measured at specific time intervals after welding to unravel the strength recovery during natural aging. Furthermore, the grain structure within the plastically deformed region of the as-welded materials has been characterized by means of the electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) technique in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Some practical applications of the process model are described toward the end of the article.     

Optimization of friction stir spot welding process parameters of dissimilar Al 5083 and C 10100 joints using response surface methodology

Using response surface methodology, optimization of friction stir spot welding process parameters of dissimilar Al 5083 and C 10100 joints were experimented. The predominant requirement was to obtain reduced interface hardness and increased tensile shear failure load. For specification of experimental conditions, central composite design matrix was used, with three factors and five levels. With Al 5083 alloy and C 10100 copper twenty joints were made. Experimentally, tensile shear failure load and interface hardness were measured. Significant main parameters and interaction process parameters were evaluated using analysis of variance (ANOVA) method. Regression analysis was used for development of empirical relationship. Design expert software was used for optimization of friction stir spot welding process parameters by using response graphs and constructing contour plots. At 95% confidence level, prediction of tensile shear failure load and interface hardness of the dissimilar Al 5083—C 10100 joints were done using the empirical relations that were developed. The optimum conditions of Al 5083—C 10100 joints by friction stir spot welding process were evaluated using contour plots.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-Zn-Y-Nd-Zr alloys

The microstructure and tensile properties of the as-cast and solution treatment Mg-4.5Zn-1Y-xNd-0.5Zr (x=0, 1 wt.%, 2 wt.%, 3 wt.%) alloys were investigated. The results showed that the microstructure of Mg-4.5Zn-1Y-0.5Zr alloy consisted of α-Mg, Zn-Zr, W (Mg₃Y₂Zn₃) and I (Mg₃YZn₆) phases. With the addition of Nd, I-phase disappeared and Mg₃Y₂Zn₃ phase changed into Mg₃(Nd,Y)₂Zn₃ phase. When the content of Nd reached 3 wt.%, T phase, i.e., ternary Mg-Zn-Nd phase, formed. In addition, with the increase of Nd content in the alloys, the secondary dendritic arm spacing decreased, while the amount of intermetallic phases increased. For as-cast Mg-4.5Zn-1Y-xNd-0.5Zr alloys, after solution treatment, microsegregation was eliminated and the shape of eutectic structure of α-Mg+W transformed from lamellar into spherical. The tensile strength and elongation of Mg-4.5Zn-1Y- 3Nd-0.5Zr alloy were increased from 219.2 MPa and 11.0% to 247.5 MPa and 20.0%, respectively.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of squeeze cast and semi-solid cast Mg–Al alloys

Magnesium–aluminium castings produced by means of squeeze casting, new rheocasting and thixocasting have been investigated. These casting processes provide very different microstructures consisting of α-Mg and β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂. The shape and distribution of the brittle β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ has a large influence on mechanical properties. Isolated particles of β-phase in squeeze cast components are less detrimental to ductility than the continuous β-phase network found in semi-solid processed parts. A heat treatment results in complete dissolution of β-Mg₁₇Al₁₂ and accounts for significant improvements of ductility and fracture toughness. Crack propagation in solution heat treated Mg–Al castings is associated with extensive twinning.     

镁-钢无匙孔搅拌摩擦点焊接头机械连接状态分析

采用无匙孔搅拌摩擦焊对DP600镀锌钢和AZ31镁合金进行点焊搭接试验,利用扫描电镜观察其微观组织,分析拉伸断口推断其断裂过程.结果表明:镁-钢接头成形受转速与轴肩下压量影响敏感,可施焊工艺参数窗口小;在最优工艺参数下,接头成形良好,镁和钢相互嵌入锁合充分明显,具有典型"机械连接"特征;接头宏观形貌上,镁和钢分别呈多钩状互相嵌入对方并呈涡流状缠绕在一起;微观形貌上,由于搅拌针直接穿过钢板,钢侧搅拌针作用部分区域被撕裂与搅碎,镁、钢层叠交错分布,流向性明显,并存在少量由于镁蒸发造成的微观孔洞;拉断试验中,镁、钢分离起始于搅拌区外围不存在机械连接作用的区域,直至裂纹扩展至焊核区镁、钢互相缠绕部分钢的裂纹处,沿裂纹发生撕裂将钢板从镁板上剥离,断后在钢板的搅拌区域形成较大孔洞;接头横截面显微硬度显示,无论镁层钢层,其硬度分布均呈"W"型,符合普遍搅拌摩擦焊接头硬度分布特征.