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为研究交通流时间序列的分形特征,计算实测交通流量序列的多重分形谱,结果表明交通流序列的分形谱线为端点左高右低,且顶点左偏的曲线,说明序列的分形结构是不规则的,交通流量处于最大值的次数大于处于最小值的次数。比较不同统计间隔的交通流序列的多重分形谱,结果表明随着标度增大,分形谱宽度增加,但离差始终大于零,说明较大统计间隔的交通流序列的奇异性较强。 相似文献
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This paper presents and compares a set of traffic models, and associated parameter fitting procedures, based on so-called stochastic L-Systems, which were introduced by biologist A. Lindenmayer as a method to model plant growth. Starting from an initial symbol, an L-System generates iteratively sequences of symbols, belonging to an alphabet, through successive application of production rules. In a traffic modeling context, the symbols are interpreted as packet arrival rates or mean packet sizes, and each iteration is associated to a finest time scale of the traffic. These models are able to capture the multiscaling and multifractal behavior sometimes observed in Internet traffic. We describe and compare four traffic models, one characterizing the packet arrival process, and the other three characterizing both the packet arrival and the packet size processes. The models are tested with several measured traffic traces: the well-known pOct Bellcore, a trace of aggregate WAN traffic and two traces of specific applications (Kazaa and Operation Flashing Point). We assess the multifractality of these traces using Linear Multiscale Diagrams. The traffic models are evaluated by comparing, for the measured traffic and for traffic generated according to the inferred models, the probability mass function, the autocovariance function and the queuing behavior. Our results show that the L-System based traffic models that characterize both the packet arrival and packet size processes can achieve very good fitting performance in terms of first- and second-order statistics and queuing behavior. 相似文献
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基于FARIMA模型的Internet网络业务预报 总被引:30,自引:3,他引:27
最近的网络研究发现Internet网络业务同时呈现长相关和短相关特性,因此建立可以同时描述,预报长相关和短相关特性的网络业务模型很有必要。文中给出了利用FARIMA模型进行建模和预报的方法,实验表明这种方法用于实际Internet网络trace是非常有效的,另外提供了简化FARIMA模型拟合的方法和具体步骤,这样大大缩短了模型辨识的时间,对于实际网络预报有很好的实用性。 相似文献
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局域网流量的多重分形谱分析及关联性研究 * 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
鉴于网络流量复杂的奇异特性 ,采用多重分形谱分析其丰富的结构特征。首先构造出局域网流量的多重分形谱 ,并分析其特点 ;然后分析了谱参数与平均流量变化图的分布特点 ;进一步研究了多重分形谱参数与平均流量对数的关联关系。研究结果显示 ,多重分形谱宽度的变化与网络流量的变化十分相似 ,且最大与最小概率的多重分形谱函数之差的变化在某种程度上比流量的波动要提前一个时段 ,该结果为采用多重分形谱实现网络流量预测奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
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In this paper we present an overview of the progress made using chaotic maps to model individual and aggregated self-similar traffic streams and in particular their impact on queue performance. Our findings show that the asymptotic behaviour of the queue is a function only of the tail of the ON active periods, and that the Hurst parameter is not a good parameter to achieve traffic control: two different self-similar traffic traces can have the same Hurst parameter but have a very different effect on the queue statistics. These results are part of a framework for developing chaotic control of networks. 相似文献
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网络流量在动态演进过程中呈现出长相关(LRD)特性,定量描述LRD特性是网络行为研究的重要问题之一.由于传统LRD估计算法采用全域求和平均,造成序列中突发信息损失,致使传统算法均不能在复杂条件下有效估计LRD. 在引入时变Hurst指数函数的概念后,提出了时域滑窗时变Hurst(SWTV-H)估计算法.SWTV-H算法在某一分辨率水平上给出局域内Hurst指数的估计,并通过局域时移实现流量序列全域内LRD趋势的动态估计.分别用仿真以及真实网络流量数据对其有效性进行了验证,与传统算法的估计结果相比,SWTV-H算法能更准确估计LRD特性,且具有更好的鲁棒性. 相似文献
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进行网络流量异常检测,需要对正常流量行为建立准确的模型,根据异常流量与正常模型间的偏离程度作出判断。针对现有网络流量模型中自相似模型与多分形模型无法全面刻画流量特征的不足,提出了一种基于流量层叠模型分析的异常检测算法,采用层叠模型对整个时间尺度上的流量特征进行更准确的描述,并运用小波变换对流量的层叠模型进行估计,分析异常流量对模型估计的影响,提出统计累计偏离量进行异常流量检测的方法。仿真结果表明,该方法能够有效检测出基于自相似Hurst系数方法不能检测的弱异常以及未明显影响Hurst系数变化的异常流。 相似文献
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视频流量的实时预测是进行网络资源优化和端到端QoS策略设计的重要前提.然而,目前基于短相关(SRD)的预测模型并不能对非平稳且具有长相关(LRD)和分形特性的视频流量进行有效的预测.分析发现,通过多重分形尺度间系数的相关性,可以把难以直接预测的LRD流量序列转化为可以用SRD模型预测的短相关序列组.基于多重分形的预测算法合理地利用了原始序列的LRD信息,具有很好的多步预测性能. 相似文献
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Flávio Henrique Teles VieiraFlávio Geraldo Coelho Rocha Josemar Alves dos Santos Jr. 《Computer Communications》2012,35(2):263-271
In this paper, we analyze the queueing performance in terms of loss rate of an OFDM (orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing)/TDMA (time division multiplexing access) based wireless system taking into account the multifractal behavior of the wireless traffic flows. To this end, first, we show evidences of multifractal characteristics on wireless traffic traces. These findings motivated us to propose a traffic policing and control scheme based on a multifractal envelope process in order to maintain the traffic flows well-behaved, i.e., in accordance to the desired QoS parameters. Furthermore, by assuming a multifractal traffic model, we derive a data loss probability equation for wireless traffic flows that was applied to the OFDM/TDMA based wireless system. Simulations and comparisons to other methods were carried out in order to verify the efficiency of the proposed traffic policing scheme as well as of the loss probability estimation approach. 相似文献
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为了保证用户的服务质量(QoS),宽带分组网络需要进行动态带宽分配,而视频流量预测在动态带宽分配中发挥着重要的作用。本文从自相关性、自相似性的Hurst参数两个方面,阐明图像组(GOP)时间尺度上的流量能够体现原有视频帧序列的流量特性,并在固定步长的LMS自适应算法(FSSA)的基础上提出了一种新的可变步长自适应算法(VSSA),在GOP所表示的大时间尺度上预测MPEG4视频流量。大量的仿真实验结果表明,VSSA算法可以明显地改善预测性能。 相似文献
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建立了一个考虑QoS和多流复用的通信量模型。模型中的通信量由大量有相同源和目的地址的,独立同分布的数据流汇聚而成,其中每个数据流又由许多独立的符合Pareto分布的ON/OFF支流构成。文章首先分析了支流构成的数据流的概率分布,然后分析得到了数据流复用后的流速的概率分布,接着结合分数Langevin运动方程,得到了一个流量计算公式,该公式属于扩展的分数布朗运动。通过引入分数Langevin运动方程可以将外部影响因子,内部影响因子和Hurst参数有机地联系起来,给通信量的单分形和多重分形一个清晰合理的物理解释。最后使用该模型分析了VoIP中多流复用后的QoS参数,得到了几个重要结论。 相似文献
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分形或自相似模型可以很好地描述网络流量过程的长程依赖性,却无法真实地刻画网络流量过程在小尺度上的奇异性,论文从另一个角度,研究并建立了基于瀑布过程的瀑布模型,并对真实的网络流量数据进行模拟分析,发现瀑布模型从一定程度上解释了实际网络流量中的尺度特性,它能准确地刻画网络流量在小尺度上的奇异性,通过对模拟数据的尺度分析证明,瀑布模型具有刻画真实流量数据中多重分形特征的能力。 相似文献
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In this paper we propose a method, related to the theory of Network Calculus, for the analysis of aggregate network traffic by means of empirical rate-interval curves obtained from experimental data. The algorithm on which it is based differs from the commonly employed wavelet-based approach, although it retains some of its multiresolution features. We briefly introduce the theoretical aspects, analyze measurement accuracy and present results, obtained both by simulation and by the analysis of real traffic traces, which provide an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of the proposed method.
Rate-interval curve analysis provides very robust and acceptably accurate estimates of the Hurst parameter value and, even in the presence of flow irregularities, results can be proved to be correct as far as scaling properties are concerned.
Further analyzes concerning peaks, bursts and similar localized phenomena that may have a significant impact on the performances of a network are allowed by considering maximal rate envelopes, showing the potential of this approach for monitoring applications. 相似文献
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长相关(Long-RangeDependence,LRD)是MPEG-4视频流基本的统计特性。对内容不同和内容相同但图像质量不同的MPEG-4视频流,用鲁棒性较好的R/S估值方法进行H参数估计,对影响LRD特性的原因进行了研究。通过实验分析,得出结论:MPEG-4视频流的LRD特性与图像质量、表示的内容、以及流量中的帧长突发次数有关。 相似文献
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采用多重分形消除趋势波动分析法研究城市快速路交通流的多重分形特征。首先,计算和比较了实测的流量和速度序列的广义hurst指数,结果表明:流量序列和速度序列均呈现多重分形,且流量序列的波动程度强于速度序列。然后,对两种序列的重排序列的计算结果显示,重排序列的广义hurst指数远小于原序列且不为0.5,说明交通流的多重分形特征主要由序列的长程相关性决定,同时与概率分布有关。 相似文献